About Matthew

Matthew presents Jesus as the promised Messiah and King of Israel, demonstrating through His teachings and miracles that He fulfills Old Testament prophecies.

Author: Matthew (Levi)Written: c. AD 50-70Reading time: ~9 minVerses: 75
Kingdom of HeavenJesus as MessiahFulfillment of ProphecyDiscipleshipChurch

King James Version

Matthew 26

75 verses with commentary

The Plot to Kill Jesus

And it came to pass, when Jesus had finished all these sayings, he said unto his disciples,

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>When Jesus had finished all these sayings</strong>—This transitional formula (Greek: <em>etelesen</em>, τελέσεν, 'completed') marks the conclusion of Jesus's fifth and final discourse in Matthew (chapters 24-25), the Olivet Discourse on eschatology and judgment. Matthew structures his Gospel around five major teaching blocks, echoing the Pentateuch's five books.<br><br>The phrase <strong>h...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

XXVI. (1) The portion of the Gospel narrative on which we now enter is common, as far as the main facts are concerned, to all the four Gospels, and this gives to every detail in it a special interest. We cannot ignore the fact that it brings with it also some peculiar difficulties. The first three Gospels are in substantial agreement as to the order of the facts and the time at which they occurred...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**19. After a long time the lord of those servants cometh and reckoneth with them--**That any one--within the lifetime of the apostles at least--with such words before them, should think that Jesus had given any reason to expect His Second Appearing within that period, would seem strange, did we not know the tendency of enthusiastic, ill-regulated love of His appearing ever to take this turn.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 26 Chapter Outline The rulers conspire against Christ.(1-5) Christ anointed at Bethany.(6-13) Judas bargains to betray Christ.(14-16) The Passover.(17-25) Christ institutes his holy supper.(26-30) He warns his disciples.(31-35) His agony in the garden.(36-46) He is betrayed.(47-56) Christ before Caiaphas.(57-68) Peter denies him.(69-75) **Verse...
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Ye know that after two days is the feast of the passover, and the Son of man is betrayed to be crucified.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>After two days is the feast of the passover</strong> (Greek: <em>pascha</em>, πάσχα)—Jesus precisely knows the divine timetable. The Passover commemorated Israel's deliverance from Egypt (Exodus 12), when the lamb's blood on doorposts spared the firstborn. Now the true Passover Lamb will be slain.<br><br><strong>The Son of man is betrayed to be crucified</strong>—The Greek <em>paradidotai<...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(2) **After two days is the feast of the passover.**—Assuming (as the facts of the case lead us to assume, but see Notes on John 13:1) the Last Supper to have coincided with the actual Paschal Feast, the point of time at which the words were spoken would either be some time on what we should call the Tuesday evening of the Passion week, or, following the Jewish mode of speech which found three day...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**20. Lord, thou deliveredst unto me five talents; behold, I have gained besides them five talents more--**How beautifully does this illustrate what the beloved disciple says of "boldness in the day of judgment," and his desire that "when He shall appear we may have confidence, and not be ashamed before Him at His coming!" (1Jo 4:17; 2:28).

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 26 Chapter Outline The rulers conspire against Christ.(1-5) Christ anointed at Bethany.(6-13) Judas bargains to betray Christ.(14-16) The Passover.(17-25) Christ institutes his holy supper.(26-30) He warns his disciples.(31-35) His agony in the garden.(36-46) He is betrayed.(47-56) Christ before Caiaphas.(57-68) Peter denies him.(69-75) **Verse...
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Then assembled together the chief priests, and the scribes, and the elders of the people, unto the palace of the high priest, who was called Caiaphas,

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Then assembled together the chief priests, and the scribes, and the elders</strong>—The Sanhedrin, Judaism's supreme council of 71 members, convenes for conspiracy. These three groups represented the religious establishment: chief priests (Sadducees controlling the temple), scribes (legal experts, mostly Pharisees), and elders (aristocratic laymen).<br><br><strong>Unto the palace of the hi...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(3) **Then assembled together.**—We learn from John 11:49-50. that the plan, as far as Caiaphas was concerned, had been formed before, immediately after the raising of Lazarus. What had happened since—the kingly entry, the expulsion of the money-changers, the way in which our Lord had baffled their attempt to entrap Him in His speech—would all work as so many motives to immediate action. The meeti...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**21. His lord said unto him, Well done--**a single word, not of bare satisfaction, but of warm and delighted commendation. And from what Lips! thou hast been faithful over a few things, I will make thee ruler over many things, &amp;c.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 26 Chapter Outline The rulers conspire against Christ.(1-5) Christ anointed at Bethany.(6-13) Judas bargains to betray Christ.(14-16) The Passover.(17-25) Christ institutes his holy supper.(26-30) He warns his disciples.(31-35) His agony in the garden.(36-46) He is betrayed.(47-56) Christ before Caiaphas.(57-68) Peter denies him.(69-75) **Verse...
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And consulted that they might take Jesus by subtilty, and kill him.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Consulted that they might take Jesus by subtilty</strong>—The Greek <em>dolos</em> (δόλος) means 'deceit' or 'treachery.' The religious leaders plot to arrest Jesus secretly, contradicting legal procedures requiring public charges. Their scheming fulfills Psalm 2:2: 'The rulers take counsel together against the LORD, and against his anointed.'<br><br><strong>And kill him</strong>—The stark...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(4) **That they might take Jesus by subtilty.**—The plan implied in these words and in those that follow (“not on the feast day”) would seem to have been hastened in its accomplishment by the unexpected treachery of Judas. They had intended to wait till the feast was over, but the temptation thus offered was too great to be resisted, and they accordingly stepped out of the limits which their cauti...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**22. He also that had received two talents came ... good and faithful servant: thou hast been faithful over a few things, I will make thee ruler over many things--**Both are commended in the same terms, and the reward of both is precisely the same. (See on Mt 25:15). Observe also the contrasts: "Thou hast been faithful as a servant; now be a ruler--thou hast been entrusted with a few things; now ...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 26 Chapter Outline The rulers conspire against Christ.(1-5) Christ anointed at Bethany.(6-13) Judas bargains to betray Christ.(14-16) The Passover.(17-25) Christ institutes his holy supper.(26-30) He warns his disciples.(31-35) His agony in the garden.(36-46) He is betrayed.(47-56) Christ before Caiaphas.(57-68) Peter denies him.(69-75) **Verse...
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But they said, Not on the feast day, lest there be an uproar among the people.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Not on the feast day, lest there be an uproar among the people</strong>—Their political calculation shows fear of popular uprising (<em>thorubos</em>, θόρυβος, 'tumult' or 'riot'). The leaders recognize Jesus's popularity with the crowds, especially pilgrims from Galilee. Yet God's sovereign plan overrules their scheming—Jesus will die precisely on Passover as the true Lamb.<br><br>This re...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 26 Chapter Outline The rulers conspire against Christ.(1-5) Christ anointed at Bethany.(6-13) Judas bargains to betray Christ.(14-16) The Passover.(17-25) Christ institutes his holy supper.(26-30) He warns his disciples.(31-35) His agony in the garden.(36-46) He is betrayed.(47-56) Christ before Caiaphas.(57-68) Peter denies him.(69-75) **Verse...
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Jesus Anointed at Bethany

Now when Jesus was in Bethany, in the house of Simon the leper,

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Now when Jesus was in Bethany</strong>—Bethany means 'house of affliction' or 'house of dates,' located about two miles east of Jerusalem on the Mount of Olives' eastern slope. This was Jesus's base during Passion Week, home of Mary, Martha, and Lazarus (John 11:1)—the family Jesus loved.<br><br><strong>In the house of Simon the leper</strong>—Simon had likely been healed by Jesus, hence h...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(6) **Now when Jesus was in Bethany.**—The narrative is given out of its proper order on account of its connection (as indicated in St. John’s record) with the act of the Traitor. St. John fixes it (John 12:1) at six days before the Passover, *i.e.,* on the evening that preceded the entry into Jerusalem. It was, therefore, a feast such as Jews were wont to hold at the close of the Sabbath. **In th...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

24. Then he which had received the one talent came and said, Lord, I **knew thee that thou art an hard man--**harsh. The word in Luke (Lu 19:21) is "austere." **reaping where thou hast not sown, and gathering where thou hast not strawed--**The sense is obvious: "I knew thou wast one whom it was impossible to serve, one whom nothing would please: exacting what was impracticable, and dissatisfied ...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 6-13** The pouring ointment upon the head of Christ was a token of the highest respect. Where there is true love in the heart to Jesus Christ, nothing will be thought too good to bestow upon him. The more Christ's servants and their services are cavilled at, the more he manifests his acceptance. This act of faith and love was so remarkable, that it would be reported, as a memorial of ...
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There came unto him a woman having an alabaster box of very precious ointment, and poured it on his head, as he sat at meat.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>There came unto him a woman having an alabaster box of very precious ointment</strong>—John 12:3 identifies her as Mary of Bethany. The <em>alabastron</em> (ἀλάβαστρον) was a flask carved from translucent alabaster stone, sealed to preserve aromatic oil. The ointment was <em>nardos pistikos</em> (νάρδος πιστικός), pure nard imported from the Himalayas—Mark 14:5 values it at 300 denarii (a ...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(7) **There came unto him a woman.**—We learn from St. John (John 12:3) that this was Mary the sister of Lazarus. It is hardly conceivable (unless we conjecture that she came in veiled, and that St. John alone knew her) that the writers of the first two Gospels, or those from whom they derived their knowledge, could have been ignorant who she was, and we can only see in their suppression of the na...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**25. And I was afraid--**of making matters worse by meddling with it at all. **and went and hid thy talent in the earth--**This depicts the conduct of all those who shut up their gifts from the active service of Christ, without actually prostituting them to unworthy uses. Fitly, therefore, may it, at least, comprehend those, to whom Trench refers, who, in the early Church, pleaded that they had...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 6-13** The pouring ointment upon the head of Christ was a token of the highest respect. Where there is true love in the heart to Jesus Christ, nothing will be thought too good to bestow upon him. The more Christ's servants and their services are cavilled at, the more he manifests his acceptance. This act of faith and love was so remarkable, that it would be reported, as a memorial of ...
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But when his disciples saw it, they had indignation, saying, To what purpose is this waste?

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>When his disciples saw it, they had indignation</strong>—The Greek <em>aganakteo</em> (ἀγανακτέω) means 'greatly displeased' or 'moved with indignation.' John 12:4-5 identifies Judas Iscariot as the primary objector, though Matthew's plural suggests others joined his protest. Their outrage masks spiritual blindness—they fail to grasp the infinite worth of Christ.<br><br><strong>To what pur...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(8) **When his disciples saw it.**—There is a singular narrowing of the limits in the three narratives. St. Mark reports that “some had indignation;” St. John (John 12:4), as knowing who had whispered the first word of blame, fixes the uncharitable judgment on “Judas Iscariot, Simon’s son.” The narrow, covetous soul of the Traitor could see nothing in the lavish gift but a “waste” (literally, *per...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 6-13** The pouring ointment upon the head of Christ was a token of the highest respect. Where there is true love in the heart to Jesus Christ, nothing will be thought too good to bestow upon him. The more Christ's servants and their services are cavilled at, the more he manifests his acceptance. This act of faith and love was so remarkable, that it would be reported, as a memorial of ...
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For this ointment might have been sold for much, and given to the poor.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>For this ointment might have been sold for much, and given to the poor</strong>—John 12:6 exposes Judas's hypocrisy: he objected 'not that he cared for the poor, but because he was a thief.' The appeal to social concern masks selfish greed. The Greek <em>pollos</em> (πολλοῦ) emphasizes the high price—300 denarii, nearly a year's wages.<br><br>This false dichotomy—worship versus service to ...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(9) **This ointment might have been sold for much.**—St. Mark and St. John agree in giving the Traitor’s computation. It might have been sold for three hundred *denarii,* a labourer’s wages for nearly a whole year (Matthew 20:2), enough *to* feed a multitude of more than 7,500 men (John 6:7). St. John adds the damning fact that the pretended zeal for the poor was the cloak for the irritation of di...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**27. thou oughtest therefore to have put my money to the exchangers--**the bankers. **and then at my coming I should have received mine own with usury--**interest.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 6-13** The pouring ointment upon the head of Christ was a token of the highest respect. Where there is true love in the heart to Jesus Christ, nothing will be thought too good to bestow upon him. The more Christ's servants and their services are cavilled at, the more he manifests his acceptance. This act of faith and love was so remarkable, that it would be reported, as a memorial of ...
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When Jesus understood it, he said unto them, Why trouble ye the woman? for she hath wrought a good work upon me.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Why trouble ye the woman?</strong>—Jesus defends Mary with <em>parechete kopous</em> (παρέχετε κόπους), 'stop causing her trouble/grief.' The Greek present tense suggests they were continuing to harass her. Christ protects His worshipers from religious critics. He values her heart's devotion over their utilitarian calculations.<br><br><strong>For she hath wrought a good work upon me</stron...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(10) **Why trouble ye the woman?**—The Greek is more emphatic, “Why are ye giving trouble?” St. Mark uses a word to describe their conduct which explains the verse. “They murmured against her,” or better, *They were bitterly reproaching her.* One after another of the murmurers uttered his bitter remonstrances. **She hath wrought a good work upon me.**—The Greek adjective implies something more tha...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 6-13** The pouring ointment upon the head of Christ was a token of the highest respect. Where there is true love in the heart to Jesus Christ, nothing will be thought too good to bestow upon him. The more Christ's servants and their services are cavilled at, the more he manifests his acceptance. This act of faith and love was so remarkable, that it would be reported, as a memorial of ...
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For ye have the poor always with you; but me ye have not always.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>For ye have the poor always with you; but me ye have not always</strong>—Jesus quotes Deuteronomy 15:11 ('the poor shall never cease out of the land'), not to minimize concern for the poor but to establish worship's priority. The phrase <em>eme de ou pantote echete</em> (ἐμὲ δὲ οὐ πάντοτε ἔχετε) emphasizes His approaching death and bodily departure.<br><br>This isn't an excuse for neglecti...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(11) **Ye have the poor always with you.**—Our Lord dealt with the objection of the murmurers on their own ground, as if it were genuine, and does not openly rebuke the dishonesty of the chief objector. But look and tone, and the solemn pathos of the words, “Me ye have not always,” must have made the Traitor feel that he was in the presence of One who read the secrets of his heart.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**29. For unto every one that hath shall be given, &amp;c.--**See on Mt 13:12.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 6-13** The pouring ointment upon the head of Christ was a token of the highest respect. Where there is true love in the heart to Jesus Christ, nothing will be thought too good to bestow upon him. The more Christ's servants and their services are cavilled at, the more he manifests his acceptance. This act of faith and love was so remarkable, that it would be reported, as a memorial of ...
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For in that she hath poured this ointment on my body, she did it for my burial.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>For in that she hath poured this ointment on my body, she did it for my burial</strong>—The Greek <em>pros to entaphiasai</em> (πρὸς τὸ ἐνταφιάσαι) means 'in preparation for burial.' Jesus interprets Mary's act as prophetic anointing for His imminent death. Jews anointed corpses with spices and perfumes before burial (John 19:40)—Mary anoints Him while He lives.<br><br>This reveals profoun...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(12) **She did it for my burial.**—The words must have fallen with a strange sadness upon the ears of the disciples and the other guests. They were expecting that “the kingdom of God should immediately appear” (Luke 19:11), and were looking forward to the dawn of the next day as the hour of its victory and triumph. The enthusiasm of the moment made them deaf to the real import of what they heard, ...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**30. And cast ye--**cast ye out. **the unprofitable servant--**the useless servant, that does his Master no service. **into outer darkness--**the darkness which is outside. On this expression see on Mt 22:13. **there shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth--**See on Mt 13:42. Mt 25:31-46. The Last Judgment. **The close connection between this sublime scene--**peculiar to Matthew--and the t...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 6-13** The pouring ointment upon the head of Christ was a token of the highest respect. Where there is true love in the heart to Jesus Christ, nothing will be thought too good to bestow upon him. The more Christ's servants and their services are cavilled at, the more he manifests his acceptance. This act of faith and love was so remarkable, that it would be reported, as a memorial of ...
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Verily I say unto you, Wheresoever this gospel shall be preached in the whole world, there shall also this, that this woman hath done, be told for a memorial of her.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Verily I say unto you</strong>—The solemn formula <em>amen lego humin</em> (ἀμὴν λέγω ὑμῖν) introduces authoritative pronouncement. <strong>Wheresoever this gospel shall be preached in the whole world</strong>—Jesus prophesies global evangelization (<em>en holo to kosmo</em>, ἐν ὅλῳ τῷ κόσμῳ, 'in the whole world'). Before His death, He envisions worldwide proclamation of the <em>euangelion...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(13) **Wheresoever this gospel shall be preached.**—The prediction tended, of course assuming the extension of the gospel, to bring about its own fulfilment, but the prevision at such a moment of that universal extension may well take its place among the proofs of a foreknowledge not less than divine. Others saw victory only, and that immediate; He saw condemnation and shame and death, yet not the...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**31. When the Son of man shall come in his glory--**His personal glory. **and all the holy angels with him--**See De 33:2; Da 7:9, 10; Jude 14; with He 1:6; 1Pe 3:22. **then shall he sit upon the throne of his glory--**the glory of His judicial authority.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 6-13** The pouring ointment upon the head of Christ was a token of the highest respect. Where there is true love in the heart to Jesus Christ, nothing will be thought too good to bestow upon him. The more Christ's servants and their services are cavilled at, the more he manifests his acceptance. This act of faith and love was so remarkable, that it would be reported, as a memorial of ...
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Judas Agrees to Betray Jesus

Then one of the twelve, called Judas Iscariot, went unto the chief priests,

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Then one of the twelve, called Judas Iscariot, went unto the chief priests</strong>—The devastating phrase <em>heis ton dodeka</em> (εἷς τῶν δώδεκα), 'one of the twelve,' emphasizes Judas's betrayal from within Jesus's inner circle. 'Iscariot' likely means 'man of Kerioth,' identifying him as the only non-Galilean apostle. He enjoyed Christ's intimate fellowship, heard His teaching, witnes...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(14) **Then one of the twelve, called Judas Iscariot.**—The narrative of St. John leads us, as has been said, to connect the act of treachery with the fact just recorded. There was the shame, and therefore the anger, of detected guilt; there was the greed of gain that had been robbed of its expected spoil, and thirsted for compensation. The purpose that had been formed by the priests and scribes a...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**32. And before him shall be gathered all nations--**or, "all the nations." That this should be understood to mean the heathen nations, or all except believers in Christ, will seem amazing to any simple reader. Yet this is the exposition of Olshausen, Stier, Keil, Alford (though latterly with some diffidence), and of a number, though not all, of those who hold that Christ will come the second tim...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 14-16** There were but twelve called apostles, and one of them was like a devil; surely we must never expect any society to be quite pure on this side heaven. The greater profession men make of religion, the greater opportunity they have of doing mischief, if their hearts be not right with God. Observe, that Christ's own disciple, who knew so well his doctrine and manner of his life, ...
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And said unto them, What will ye give me, and I will deliver him unto you? And they covenanted with him for thirty pieces of silver.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>What will ye give me, and I will deliver him unto you?</strong>—Judas's transactional question reveals his mercenary heart. The Greek <em>ti thelete moi dounai</em> (τί θέλετέ μοι δοῦναι) means 'What are you willing to give me?' He negotiates Christ's price like a commodity. The verb <em>paradoso</em> (παραδώσω), 'I will deliver/betray,' is the same word Jesus used prophesying His being 'd...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(15) **They covenanted with him for thirty pieces of silver.**—The reward was relatively a small one, apparently about the market-price of a common slave (Zechariah 11:12); but the chief priests (Caiaphas and his fellows) saw through the sordid baseness of the man, and, as if scorning both his Master and himself, gauged their reward accordingly.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**33. And he shall set the sheep on his right hand--**the side of honor (1Ki 2:19; Psa 45:9; 110:1, &amp;c.). **but the goats on the left--**the side consequently of dishonor.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 14-16** There were but twelve called apostles, and one of them was like a devil; surely we must never expect any society to be quite pure on this side heaven. The greater profession men make of religion, the greater opportunity they have of doing mischief, if their hearts be not right with God. Observe, that Christ's own disciple, who knew so well his doctrine and manner of his life, ...
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And from that time he sought opportunity to betray him.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And from that time he sought opportunity to betray him</strong>—The Greek <em>ezetei eukairian</em> (ἐζήτει εὐκαιρίαν) means 'he kept seeking a favorable occasion.' The imperfect tense indicates continuous action—Judas was constantly watching for the right moment. <em>Eukairia</em> (εὐκαιρία) means 'good opportunity' or 'opportune time,' revealing calculated betrayal, not impulsive sin.<br...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**34. Then shall the King--**Magnificent title, here for the first and only time, save in parabolical language, given to Himself by the Lord Jesus, and that on the eve of His deepest humiliation! It is to intimate that in then addressing the heirs of the kingdom, He will put on all His regal majesty. **say unto them on his right hand, Come--**the same sweet word with which He had so long invited...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 14-16** There were but twelve called apostles, and one of them was like a devil; surely we must never expect any society to be quite pure on this side heaven. The greater profession men make of religion, the greater opportunity they have of doing mischief, if their hearts be not right with God. Observe, that Christ's own disciple, who knew so well his doctrine and manner of his life, ...
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The Last Supper

Now the first day of the feast of unleavened bread the disciples came to Jesus, saying unto him, Where wilt thou that we prepare for thee to eat the passover?

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>The first day of the feast of unleavened bread</strong> (πρώτῃ τῶν ἀζύμων, <em>prōtē tōn azymōn</em>)—Technically Nisan 14, when all leaven was removed from Jewish homes before Passover began at sundown. The disciples' question reflects their practical concern: <strong>Where wilt thou that we prepare?</strong> They expected Jesus to arrange a proper Passover <em>seder</em>, requiring a lam...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(17) **The first day of the feast of unleavened bread.**—St. Mark and St. Luke, as writing for Gentile readers, add the explanation that it was then that the Passover was to be slain. The precision with which all the first three Gospels emphasise the fact leaves no room for doubt that they looked on the Last Supper as the celebration of the actual Paschal Feast. St. John’s narrative, as has been s...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

35. For I was an hungered ... thirsty ... a stranger, &amp;c.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 17-25** Observe, the place for their eating the passover was pointed out by Christ to the disciples. He knows those hidden ones who favour his cause, and will graciously visit all who are willing to receive him. The disciples did as Jesus had appointed. Those who would have Christ's presence in the gospel passover, must do what he says. It well becomes the disciples of Christ always t...
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And he said, Go into the city to such a man, and say unto him, The Master saith, My time is at hand; I will keep the passover at thy house with my disciples.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>My time is at hand</strong> (ὁ καιρός μου ἐγγύς ἐστιν, <em>ho kairos mou engys estin</em>)—Jesus uses <em>kairos</em> (appointed time) not <em>chronos</em> (clock time). This is the divinely ordained hour for redemption, not mere calendar progression. His sovereign knowledge contrasts with the disciples' ignorance of what would unfold.<br><br><strong>Such a man</strong> (τὸν δεῖνα, <em>ton...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(18) **To such a man.**—The Greek word is that used when the writer knows, but does not care to mention, the name of the man referred to. St. Mark and St. Luke relate the sign that was given them. They were to meet a man “bearing a pitcher of water” and follow him. and were to see in the house into which he entered that in which they were to make their preparations. The master of the house was pro...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

36. Naked ... sick ... prison, and ye came unto me.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 17-25** Observe, the place for their eating the passover was pointed out by Christ to the disciples. He knows those hidden ones who favour his cause, and will graciously visit all who are willing to receive him. The disciples did as Jesus had appointed. Those who would have Christ's presence in the gospel passover, must do what he says. It well becomes the disciples of Christ always t...
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And the disciples did as Jesus had appointed them; and they made ready the passover.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>The disciples did as Jesus had appointed them</strong> (ἐποίησαν οἱ μαθηταὶ ὡς συνέταξεν αὐτοῖς ὁ Ἰησοῦς, <em>epoiēsan hoi mathētai hōs synetaxen autois ho Iēsous</em>)—The verb <em>syntassō</em> means 'to arrange, command, prescribe.' Their obedience mirrors Israel's response to Passover instructions in Exodus 12:28: <strong>as the LORD commanded Moses and Aaron, so did they</strong>.<br>...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(19) **They made ready the passover.**—It may be well to bring together the facts which these few words imply. The two disciples, after seeing that the room was “furnished,” the tables arranged, probably in the form of a Roman *triclinium,* and the benches covered with cushions, would have to purchase the lamb, the unleavened bread, and the bitter herbs, together with the wine and the conserve of ...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

37-39. Then shall the righteous answer him, &amp;c.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 17-25** Observe, the place for their eating the passover was pointed out by Christ to the disciples. He knows those hidden ones who favour his cause, and will graciously visit all who are willing to receive him. The disciples did as Jesus had appointed. Those who would have Christ's presence in the gospel passover, must do what he says. It well becomes the disciples of Christ always t...
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Now when the even was come, he sat down with the twelve.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>When the even was come</strong> (ὀψίας δὲ γενομένης, <em>opsias de genomenēs</em>)—Passover officially began at sundown, marking Nisan 15 by Jewish reckoning. <strong>He sat down</strong> (ἀνέκειτο, <em>anekeito</em>)—Actually 'reclined,' as free men reclined at Passover to symbolize freedom from Egyptian slavery, in contrast to slaves who stood while eating.<br><br><strong>With the twelve...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(20) **He sat down with the twelve.**—Reserving special Notes for the Gospels which contain the narratives, we may call to mind here the words of strong emotion with which the feast was opened (Luke 22:15), the dispute among the disciples, probably connected with the places which they were to occupy at the table (Luke 22:24), and our Lord’s practical reproof of that dispute in washing His disciple...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

37-39. Then shall the righteous answer him, &amp;c.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 17-25** Observe, the place for their eating the passover was pointed out by Christ to the disciples. He knows those hidden ones who favour his cause, and will graciously visit all who are willing to receive him. The disciples did as Jesus had appointed. Those who would have Christ's presence in the gospel passover, must do what he says. It well becomes the disciples of Christ always t...
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And as they did eat, he said, Verily I say unto you, that one of you shall betray me.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>One of you shall betray me</strong> (εἷς ἐξ ὑμῶν παραδώσει με, <em>heis ex hymōn paradōsei me</em>)—The verb <em>paradidōmi</em> means 'hand over, deliver up,' the same word used for God delivering up Christ (Romans 8:32). Jesus's announcement shatters the Passover's joyful atmosphere. His <em>verily</em> (ἀμήν, <em>amēn</em>) adds solemn certainty to this shocking revelation.<br><br>This ...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(21) **One** **of you shall betray me.**—The words would seem to have been intentionally vague, as if to rouse some of those who heard them to self-questioning. They had not, it is true, shared in the very guilt of the Traitor, but they had yielded to tendencies which they had in common with him, and which were dragging them down to his level. They had joined him in his murmuring (Matthew 26:8), t...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

37-39. Then shall the righteous answer him, &amp;c.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 17-25** Observe, the place for their eating the passover was pointed out by Christ to the disciples. He knows those hidden ones who favour his cause, and will graciously visit all who are willing to receive him. The disciples did as Jesus had appointed. Those who would have Christ's presence in the gospel passover, must do what he says. It well becomes the disciples of Christ always t...
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And they were exceeding sorrowful, and began every one of them to say unto him, Lord, is it I?

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Exceeding sorrowful</strong> (λυπούμενοι σφόδρα, <em>lypoumenoi sphodra</em>)—The disciples experience deep grief (<em>lypeō</em>) intensified by <em>sphodra</em> (greatly, vehemently). Each one's question—<strong>Lord, is it I?</strong> (Μήτι ἐγώ εἰμι, κύριε; <em>Mēti egō eimi, kyrie?</em>)—uses a negative particle expecting 'no' but expressing genuine self-doubt: 'Surely not I?'<br><br>T...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(22) **They were exceeding sorrowful.**—St. John (John 13:22) describes their perplexed and questioning glances at each other, the whisper of Peter to John, the answer of our Lord to the beloved disciple, announcing the sign by which the traitor was to be indicated. All this passed apparently as a by-play, unheard or unheeded by the other disciples. It was followed by the hands of the Master and t...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**40. And the King shall answer and say unto them, Verily I say unto you, &amp;c.--**Astonishing dialogue this between the King, from the Throne of His glory, and His wondering people! "I was an hungered, and ye gave Me meat," &amp;c.--"Not we," they reply. "We never did that, Lord: We were born out of due time, and enjoyed not the privilege of ministering unto Thee." "But ye did it to these My br...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 17-25** Observe, the place for their eating the passover was pointed out by Christ to the disciples. He knows those hidden ones who favour his cause, and will graciously visit all who are willing to receive him. The disciples did as Jesus had appointed. Those who would have Christ's presence in the gospel passover, must do what he says. It well becomes the disciples of Christ always t...
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And he answered and said, He that dippeth his hand with me in the dish, the same shall betray me.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>He that dippeth his hand with me in the dish</strong> (ὁ ἐμβάψας μετ' ἐμοῦ τὴν χεῖρα ἐν τῷ τρυβλίῳ, <em>ho embapsas met' emou tēn cheira en tō trybliō</em>)—During Passover, diners would dip bitter herbs or bread into <em>charoset</em> (a mixture symbolizing the mortar of Egyptian slavery). This shared dipping emphasized intimate fellowship—making betrayal more treacherous.<br><br>Jesus do...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(23) **He that dippeth his hand with me.**—Better, *he that dipped,* as of an act just passed. It seems probable from what follows that these words also were spoken to a few only of the disciples, say to the four who were nearest to their Master. We can scarcely think of Judas as asking the question of Matthew 26:25, if he had heard the words and knew that they pointed to him as the traitor.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 17-25** Observe, the place for their eating the passover was pointed out by Christ to the disciples. He knows those hidden ones who favour his cause, and will graciously visit all who are willing to receive him. The disciples did as Jesus had appointed. Those who would have Christ's presence in the gospel passover, must do what he says. It well becomes the disciples of Christ always t...
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The Son of man goeth as it is written of him: but woe unto that man by whom the Son of man is betrayed! it had been good for that man if he had not been born.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>The Son of man goeth as it is written of him</strong> (ὁ μὲν υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου ὑπάγει καθὼς γέγραπται περὶ αὐτοῦ, <em>ho men hyios tou anthrōpou hypagei kathōs gegraptai peri autou</em>)—Divine sovereignty and human responsibility coexist: Jesus's death fulfills Scripture (Isaiah 53, Psalm 22, Zechariah 13:7), yet Judas bears full moral culpability. <strong>Woe</strong> (οὐαί, <em>ouai</em...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(24) **The Son of man goeth as it is written.**—The words are remarkable as the first direct reference of the coming passion and death to the Scriptures which prophesied of the Messiah. It was appointed that the Christ should suffer, but that appointment did not make men less free agents, nor diminish the guilt of treachery or injustice. So, in like manner, as if taught by his Master, St. Peter sp...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 17-25** Observe, the place for their eating the passover was pointed out by Christ to the disciples. He knows those hidden ones who favour his cause, and will graciously visit all who are willing to receive him. The disciples did as Jesus had appointed. Those who would have Christ's presence in the gospel passover, must do what he says. It well becomes the disciples of Christ always t...
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Then Judas, which betrayed him, answered and said, Master, is it I? He said unto him, Thou hast said.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Then Judas, which betrayed him</strong> (ἀποκριθεὶς δὲ Ἰούδας ὁ παραδιδοὺς αὐτὸν, <em>apokritheis de Ioudas ho paradidous auton</em>)—Matthew's editorial addition 'which betrayed him' underscores the horror: Judas asks while already having made arrangements with the chief priests (v. 14-16). His question is pure hypocrisy, perhaps maintaining his cover before the other disciples.<br><br>Ju...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(25) **Then Judas, which betrayed him . . .**—The words appear to have been spoken in the spirit of reckless defiance, which St. John indicates by saying that “after the sop Satan entered into him” (John 13:27). Did his Master (he calls Him by the wonted title of honour, Rabbi) indeed know his guilt? It would appear from St. John’s narrative (John 13:29) that the dread answer, “Thou hast said;” wa...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 17-25** Observe, the place for their eating the passover was pointed out by Christ to the disciples. He knows those hidden ones who favour his cause, and will graciously visit all who are willing to receive him. The disciples did as Jesus had appointed. Those who would have Christ's presence in the gospel passover, must do what he says. It well becomes the disciples of Christ always t...
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The Institution of the Lord's Supper

And as they were eating, Jesus took bread, and blessed it, and brake it, and gave it to the disciples, and said, Take, eat; this is my body. blessed it: many Greek copies have gave thanks

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And as they were eating, Jesus took bread, and blessed it, and brake it, and gave it to the disciples, and said, Take, eat; this is my body.</strong> This institution of the Lord's Supper occurred during Passover, connecting Christ's death to Israel's exodus deliverance. 'Jesus took bread' (λαβὼν ὁ Ἰησοῦς ἄρτον/<em>labōn ho Iēsous arton</em>)—likely unleavened bread used in Passover. Leave...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(26) **As they were eating.**—Again we must represent to ourselves an interval of silence, broken by the act or words that followed. The usual “grace” or blessing had been spoken at the beginning of the feast. Now, taking one of the cakes of unleavened bread, He again utters a solemn formula of blessing, and gives it to them with the words, “Take, eat, this is my body;” or, as in St. Luke’s fuller...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 26-30** This ordinance of the Lord's supper is to us the passover supper, by which we commemorate a much greater deliverance than that of Israel out of Egypt. Take, eat; accept of Christ as he is offered to you; receive the atonement, approve of it, submit to his grace and his government. Meat looked upon, be the dish ever so well garnished, will not nourish; it must be fed upon: so m...
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And he took the cup, and gave thanks, and gave it to them, saying, Drink ye all of it;

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And he took the cup, and gave thanks, and gave it to them, saying, Drink ye all of it.</strong> After the bread, Jesus took 'the cup' (τὸ ποτήριον/<em>to potērion</em>), likely the third cup of the Passover Seder, called the 'cup of redemption.' How fitting that Jesus used this cup to institute the sacrament of His redeeming blood.<br><br>'And gave thanks' (εὐχαριστήσας/<em>eucharistēsas</...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(27) **He took the cup, and gave thanks.**—The better MSS. omit the article; thus making it, “*a* cup.” In the later ritual of the Passover, the cup of wine (or rather, of wine mingled with water) was passed round three times in the course of the supper. One such cup had been passed round early in the evening (Luke 22:17); now another becomes, under a solemn consecration, the symbol of a diviner t...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 26-30** This ordinance of the Lord's supper is to us the passover supper, by which we commemorate a much greater deliverance than that of Israel out of Egypt. Take, eat; accept of Christ as he is offered to you; receive the atonement, approve of it, submit to his grace and his government. Meat looked upon, be the dish ever so well garnished, will not nourish; it must be fed upon: so m...
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For this is my blood of the new testament, which is shed for many for the remission of sins.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>For this is my blood of the new testament, which is shed for many for the remission of sins.</strong> This verse contains concentrated gospel theology. 'My blood' (τὸ αἷμά μου/<em>to haima mou</em>) refers to Christ's lifeblood, soon to be poured out on the cross. Blood represents life (Leviticus 17:11); Jesus would give His very life as payment for sin.<br><br>'Of the new testament' (τῆς ...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(28) **For this is my blood of the new testament.**—Better, *this is My blood of the Covenant;* the best MSS. omitting the word “new” both here and in St. Mark. It was probably introduced into the later MSS. to bring the text into harmony with St. Luke’s report. Assuming the word “new” to have been actually spoken by our Lord, we can understand its being passed over by some reporters or transcribe...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**46. And these shall go away--**these "cursed" ones. Sentence, it should seem, was first pronounced--in the hearing of the wicked--upon the righteous, who thereupon sit as assessors in the judgment upon the wicked (1Co 6:2); but sentence is first executed, it should seem, upon the wicked, in the sight of the righteous--whose glory will thus not be beheld by the wicked, while their descent into "t...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 26-30** This ordinance of the Lord's supper is to us the passover supper, by which we commemorate a much greater deliverance than that of Israel out of Egypt. Take, eat; accept of Christ as he is offered to you; receive the atonement, approve of it, submit to his grace and his government. Meat looked upon, be the dish ever so well garnished, will not nourish; it must be fed upon: so m...
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But I say unto you, I will not drink henceforth of this fruit of the vine, until that day when I drink it new with you in my Father's kingdom.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>I will not drink henceforth of this fruit of the vine</strong> (οὐ μὴ πίω ἀπ' ἄρτι ἐκ τούτου τοῦ γενήματος τῆς ἀμπέλου, <em>ou mē piō ap' arti ek toutou tou genēmatos tēs ampelou</em>)—This follows institution of the Lord's Supper. The Passover seder included four cups; Jesus declares He will abstain from the final cup(s) <strong>until that day when I drink it new with you in my Father's k...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(29) **I will not drink henceforth of this fruit of the vine.**—Literally, *product of the vine.* It would be better, perhaps, to translate, *I shall not drink,* as implying the acceptance of what had been ordained by God rather than an act of volition. The words carry us into a region of mystic symbolism. Never afterwards while He tarried upon earth was He to taste of the wine-cup with His discip...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

CHAPTER 26 Mt 26:1-16. Christ's Final Announcement of his Death, as Now within Two Days, and the Simultaneous Conspiracy of the Jewish Authorities to Compass It--The Anointing at Bethany--Judas Agrees with the Chief Priests to Betray His Lord. ( = Mr 14:1-11; Lu 22:1-6; Joh 12:1-11). For the exposition, see on Mr 14:1-11. Mt 26:17-30. Preparation for and Last Celebration of the Passover Announc...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 26-30** This ordinance of the Lord's supper is to us the passover supper, by which we commemorate a much greater deliverance than that of Israel out of Egypt. Take, eat; accept of Christ as he is offered to you; receive the atonement, approve of it, submit to his grace and his government. Meat looked upon, be the dish ever so well garnished, will not nourish; it must be fed upon: so m...
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Jesus Foretells Peter's Denial

And when they had sung an hymn, they went out into the mount of Olives. hymn: or, psalm

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>When they had sung an hymn</strong> (ὑμνήσαντες, <em>hymnēsantes</em>)—This was the <em>Hallel</em> (Psalms 113-118), the traditional Passover conclusion. Imagine Jesus singing Psalm 118:22-24: <strong>The stone which the builders refused is become the head stone... This is the day which the LORD hath made</strong>—prophesying His rejection and resurrection while walking toward Gethsemane....
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(30) **And when they had sung an hymn.**—This close of the supper would seem to coincide (but the work of the harmonist is not an easy one here) with the “Rise, let us go hence” of John 14:31, and, if so, we have to think of the conversation in John 14 as either coming between the departure of Judas and the institution of the Lord’s Supper, or else between that institution and the concluding hymn....
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 26-30** This ordinance of the Lord's supper is to us the passover supper, by which we commemorate a much greater deliverance than that of Israel out of Egypt. Take, eat; accept of Christ as he is offered to you; receive the atonement, approve of it, submit to his grace and his government. Meat looked upon, be the dish ever so well garnished, will not nourish; it must be fed upon: so m...
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Then saith Jesus unto them, All ye shall be offended because of me this night: for it is written, I will smite the shepherd, and the sheep of the flock shall be scattered abroad.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>All ye shall be offended because of me this night</strong> (πάντες ὑμεῖς σκανδαλισθήσεσθε ἐν ἐμοὶ ἐν τῇ νυκτὶ ταύτῃ, <em>pantes hymeis skandalisthēsesthe en emoi en tē nykti tautē</em>)—The verb <em>skandalizō</em> means 'to cause to stumble, fall away.' Jesus prophesies total apostasy: <strong>all</strong> would temporarily abandon Him, fulfilling divine necessity while indicting human we...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(31) **All ye shall be offended because of me.**—We may think of the words as spoken at some early stage of that evening walk. It corresponds in substance with John 16:32, but seems to have been uttered more abruptly. **I will smite the shepherd, and the sheep of the flock shall be scattered.**—The citation of this prophecy, from Zechariah 13:7. is every way suggestive, as showing that our Lord’s ...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 31-35** Improper self-confidence, like that of Peter, is the first step to a fall. There is a proneness in all of us to be over-confident. But those fall soonest and foulest, who are the most confident in themselves. Those are least safe, who think themselves most secure. Satan is active to lead such astray; they are most off their guard: God leaves them to themselves, to humble them.

But after I am risen again, I will go before you into Galilee.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>But after I am risen again, I will go before you into Galilee</strong> (μετὰ δὲ τὸ ἐγερθῆναί με προάξω ὑμᾶς εἰς τὴν Γαλιλαίαν, <em>meta de to egerthēnai me proaxō hymas eis tēn Galilaian</em>)—Immediately after predicting their failure, Jesus promises restoration. <strong>I will go before you</strong> (προάξω, <em>proaxō</em>)—as a shepherd leads his sheep (John 10:4), Christ will resume H...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(32) **After I am risen.**—Our Lord referred to these His words afterwards (Matthew 28:16), but they appear to have fallen at the time unheeded on the ears of the disciples, and to have been rapidly forgotten. No expectation of a resurrection is traceable in their after conduct.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 31-35** Improper self-confidence, like that of Peter, is the first step to a fall. There is a proneness in all of us to be over-confident. But those fall soonest and foulest, who are the most confident in themselves. Those are least safe, who think themselves most secure. Satan is active to lead such astray; they are most off their guard: God leaves them to themselves, to humble them.

Peter answered and said unto him, Though all men shall be offended because of thee, yet will I never be offended. offended: or, though the faith of other men should be shaken and fail, yet mine will be firm and constant

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Peter answered and said... Though all men shall be offended because of thee, yet will I never be offended</strong> (ἀποκριθεὶς δὲ ὁ Πέτρος εἶπεν αὐτῷ· εἰ πάντες σκανδαλισθήσονται ἐν σοί, ἐγὼ οὐδέποτε σκανδαλισθήσομαι, <em>apokritheis de ho Petros eipen autō· ei pantes skandalisthēsontai en soi, egō oudepote skandalisthēsomai</em>)—Peter's self-confidence contradicts Jesus's direct prophecy...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(33) **Though all men shall be offended.**—St. Matthew and St. Mark place the boast of Peter, and the prediction of his denial, after the disciples had left the guest-chamber; St. Luke (Luke 22:23) and St. John (John 13:37) agree in placing it before. It is barely possible that both may have been repeated, but the more probable hypothesis is, that we have here an example of the natural dislocation...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 31-35** Improper self-confidence, like that of Peter, is the first step to a fall. There is a proneness in all of us to be over-confident. But those fall soonest and foulest, who are the most confident in themselves. Those are least safe, who think themselves most secure. Satan is active to lead such astray; they are most off their guard: God leaves them to themselves, to humble them.

Jesus said unto him, Verily I say unto thee, That this night, before the cock crow, thou shalt deny me thrice.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>This night, before the cock crow, thou shalt deny me thrice</strong> (ἐν ταύτῃ τῇ νυκτὶ πρὶν ἀλέκτορα φωνῆσαι τρὶς ἀπαρνήσῃ με, <em>en tautē tē nykti prin alektora phōnēsai tris aparnēsē me</em>)—Jesus provides devastating specificity: <strong>this night</strong> (within hours), <strong>before the cock crow</strong> (typically 3-4 AM, the third watch), <strong>thrice</strong> (three separa...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(34) **Thou shalt deny me thrice.**—The agreement of all the four Evangelists places the fact of the prediction beyond the shadow of a doubt, and the prevision which it implies is obviously more than a general insight into the instability of the disciple’s character, and involves a power essentially superhuman. We must not forget what the disciple could not fail to remember, that to the sin thus f...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 31-35** Improper self-confidence, like that of Peter, is the first step to a fall. There is a proneness in all of us to be over-confident. But those fall soonest and foulest, who are the most confident in themselves. Those are least safe, who think themselves most secure. Satan is active to lead such astray; they are most off their guard: God leaves them to themselves, to humble them.

Peter said unto him, Though I should die with thee, yet will I not deny thee. Likewise also said all the disciples.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Peter said unto him, Though I should die with thee, yet will I not deny thee</strong> (λέγει αὐτῷ ὁ Πέτρος· κἂν δέῃ με σὺν σοὶ ἀποθανεῖν, οὐ μή σε ἀπαρνήσομαι, <em>legei autō ho Petros· kan deē me syn soi apothanein, ou mē se aparnēsomai</em>)—Peter's second protest intensifies his claim: he'd rather die than deny. The double negative οὐ μή (<em>ou mē</em>) is emphatic: 'absolutely not, by...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(35) **Though I should die with thee.**—Though foremost in announcing the resolve, Peter was not alone in it. Thomas had spoken like words before (John 11:16), and all felt as if they were prepared to face death for their Master’s sake. To them He had been not only “righteous,” but “good” and kind, and therefore for Him “they even dared to die.” (Comp. Romans 5:7.)

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 31-35** Improper self-confidence, like that of Peter, is the first step to a fall. There is a proneness in all of us to be over-confident. But those fall soonest and foulest, who are the most confident in themselves. Those are least safe, who think themselves most secure. Satan is active to lead such astray; they are most off their guard: God leaves them to themselves, to humble them.

Gethsemane

Then cometh Jesus with them unto a place called Gethsemane, and saith unto the disciples, Sit ye here, while I go and pray yonder.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Then cometh Jesus with them unto a place called Gethsemane</strong> (Γεθσημανί, <em>Gethsēmani</em>)—meaning 'oil press,' this garden at the Mount of Olives became the arena of Christ's greatest spiritual warfare. <strong>Sit ye here, while I go and pray yonder</strong>—Jesus deliberately separated himself even from the disciples for the most intense prayer of his earthly life. The Greek <...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 36-46** He who made atonement for the sins of mankind, submitted himself in a garden of suffering, to the will of God, from which man had revolted in a garden of pleasure. Christ took with him into that part of the garden where he suffered his agony, only those who had witnessed his glory in his transfiguration. Those are best prepared to suffer with Christ, who have by faith beheld h...
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And he took with him Peter and the two sons of Zebedee, and began to be sorrowful and very heavy.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>He took with him Peter and the two sons of Zebedee</strong>—the same inner circle who witnessed the Transfiguration (Matthew 17:1) now witness the agony. James and John, who boasted they could drink Christ's cup (Matthew 20:22), would now see what that cup truly contained. <strong>Began to be sorrowful and very heavy</strong> (λυπεῖσθαι καὶ ἀδημονεῖν, <em>lupeisthai kai adēmonein</em>)—the...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(37) **He took with him Peter and the two sons of Zebedee.**—The favoured three, as before at the Transfiguration, and in the death-chamber in the house of Jairus (Matthew 17:1; Mark 5:37), were chosen out of the chosen. Their professions of devotion justified, as it were, the belief that they, at least, could “watch and pray” with Him. The nearness and sympathy of friends were precious even when ...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 36-46** He who made atonement for the sins of mankind, submitted himself in a garden of suffering, to the will of God, from which man had revolted in a garden of pleasure. Christ took with him into that part of the garden where he suffered his agony, only those who had witnessed his glory in his transfiguration. Those are best prepared to suffer with Christ, who have by faith beheld h...
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Then saith he unto them, My soul is exceeding sorrowful, even unto death: tarry ye here, and watch with me.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>My soul is exceeding sorrowful, even unto death</strong> (περίλυπός ἐστιν ἡ ψυχή μου ἕως θανάτου, <em>perilupos estin hē psychē mou heōs thanatou</em>)—literally 'surrounded by grief to the point of death.' The word <em>perilupos</em> indicates sorrow pressing in from all sides. Jesus quotes Psalm 42:5-6, identifying with the psalmist's overwhelming anguish. <strong>Tarry ye here, and watc...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(38) **Then cometh Jesus** **. . .**—In the interval between Matthew 26:35-36, we have probably to place the discourses in John 15 (the reference to the vine, probably suggested by one which was putting forth its leaves in the early spring), John 16, and the great prayer of intercession in John 17. As St. John alone has recorded them, it is probable that he alone entered into their meaning, while ...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 36-46** He who made atonement for the sins of mankind, submitted himself in a garden of suffering, to the will of God, from which man had revolted in a garden of pleasure. Christ took with him into that part of the garden where he suffered his agony, only those who had witnessed his glory in his transfiguration. Those are best prepared to suffer with Christ, who have by faith beheld h...
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And he went a little further, and fell on his face, and prayed, saying, O my Father, if it be possible, let this cup pass from me: nevertheless not as I will, but as thou wilt.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Fell on his face</strong> (ἔπεσεν ἐπὶ πρόσωπον αὐτοῦ, <em>epesen epi prosōpon autou</em>)—the posture of extreme humility and desperate supplication. <strong>O my Father, if it be possible, let this cup pass from me</strong>—the 'cup' (ποτήριον, <em>potērion</em>) represents not death itself but the cup of God's wrath against sin that the prophets described (Psalm 75:8, Isaiah 51:17, Jerem...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(39) **He went a little farther.**—St. Luke adds (Luke 22:41) “about a stone’s cast.” The eight were left, we may believe, near the entrance of the garden; the three, “apart by themselves,” further on; the Master, still further, by Himself. The three heard the words that came from His lips as with a half-consciousness which revived afterwards in memory, but they were then numbed and stupefied with...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 36-46** He who made atonement for the sins of mankind, submitted himself in a garden of suffering, to the will of God, from which man had revolted in a garden of pleasure. Christ took with him into that part of the garden where he suffered his agony, only those who had witnessed his glory in his transfiguration. Those are best prepared to suffer with Christ, who have by faith beheld h...
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And he cometh unto the disciples, and findeth them asleep, and saith unto Peter, What, could ye not watch with me one hour?

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Findeth them asleep</strong> (εὑρίσκει αὐτοὺς καθεύδοντας, <em>heuriskei autous katheudontas</em>)—while Christ agonized under the weight of impending sin-bearing, the disciples slumbered. <strong>What, could ye not watch with me one hour?</strong> (οὐκ ἰσχύσατε μίαν ὥραν γρηγορῆσαι μετ᾽ ἐμοῦ, <em>ouk ischusate mian hōran grēgorēsai met' emou</em>)—the question carries both disappointment ...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(40) **He cometh unto the disciples.**—Perhaps to both the groups—first of the three and then of the eight. All were alike sleeping—as St. Luke characteristically adds, “sleeping for sorrow.” **What, could ye not watch** **. . .?**—Literally, *Were ye thus unable to watch?* St. Mark (Mark 14:37) individualises the words—“Simon, sleepest thou?” He had boasted of his readiness to do great things. He...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 36-46** He who made atonement for the sins of mankind, submitted himself in a garden of suffering, to the will of God, from which man had revolted in a garden of pleasure. Christ took with him into that part of the garden where he suffered his agony, only those who had witnessed his glory in his transfiguration. Those are best prepared to suffer with Christ, who have by faith beheld h...
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Watch and pray, that ye enter not into temptation: the spirit indeed is willing, but the flesh is weak.

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KJV Study Commentary

Jesus speaks these words in Gethsemane, finding His disciples sleeping when He asked them to 'watch' (γρηγορεῖτε/gregoreite) and pray. 'Watch and pray' combines vigilance with dependence on God. Watchfulness alone leads to self-reliance; prayer alone can become passive. Together they form proper spiritual warfare stance. 'That ye enter not into temptation' (ἵνα μὴ εἰσέλθητε εἰς πειρασμόν/hina me e...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(41) **Watch and pray.**—The first word is eminently characteristic of our Lord’s teaching at this period (Matthew 24:42; Matthew 25:13). It became the watchword of the early disciples (1Corinthians 16:13; Colossians 4:2; 1Thessalonians 5:6; 1Peter 5:8). It left its mark in the history of Christendom in the new names of Gregory, and Vigilius, or Vigilantius, “the watcher.” **That ye enter not into...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 36-46** He who made atonement for the sins of mankind, submitted himself in a garden of suffering, to the will of God, from which man had revolted in a garden of pleasure. Christ took with him into that part of the garden where he suffered his agony, only those who had witnessed his glory in his transfiguration. Those are best prepared to suffer with Christ, who have by faith beheld h...
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He went away again the second time, and prayed, saying, O my Father, if this cup may not pass away from me, except I drink it, thy will be done.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>He went away again the second time, and prayed, saying, O my Father, if this cup may not pass away from me, except I drink it, thy will be done</strong> (πάλιν ἐκ δευτέρου ἀπελθὼν προσηύξατο λέγων, Πάτερ μου, εἰ οὐ δύναται τοῦτο παρελθεῖν ἐὰν μὴ αὐτὸ πίω, γενηθήτω τὸ θέλημά σου)—The second prayer shows progression from 'if possible, let this cup pass' (26:39) to 'if it cannot pass unless I...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(42) **If this cup may not pass away from me.**—There is a slight change of tone perceptible in this prayer as compared with the first. It is, to speak after the manner of men, as though the conviction that it was not possible that the cup could pass away from Him had come with fuller clearness before His mind. and He was learning to accept it. He finds the answer to the former prayer in the conti...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 36-46** He who made atonement for the sins of mankind, submitted himself in a garden of suffering, to the will of God, from which man had revolted in a garden of pleasure. Christ took with him into that part of the garden where he suffered his agony, only those who had witnessed his glory in his transfiguration. Those are best prepared to suffer with Christ, who have by faith beheld h...
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And he came and found them asleep again: for their eyes were heavy.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And he came and found them asleep again: for their eyes were heavy</strong> (καὶ ἐλθὼν εὑρίσκει αὐτοὺς πάλιν καθεύδοντας, ἦσαν γὰρ αὐτῶν οἱ ὀφθαλμοὶ βεβαρημένοι)—The verb καθεύδω (katheudō, 'to sleep') describes physical sleep, not spiritual indifference (though spiritual lethargy contributed). The perfect passive participle βεβαρημένοι (from βαρέω, 'to weigh down, to burden') indicates th...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(43) **He came and found them asleep again.**—The motive of this return we may reverently believe to have been, as before, the craving for human sympathy in that hour of awful agony. He does not now rouse them or speak to them. He looks on them sorrowfully, and they meet His gaze with bewildered and stupefied astonishment. “They wist not what to answer Him” (Mark 14:40).

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 36-46** He who made atonement for the sins of mankind, submitted himself in a garden of suffering, to the will of God, from which man had revolted in a garden of pleasure. Christ took with him into that part of the garden where he suffered his agony, only those who had witnessed his glory in his transfiguration. Those are best prepared to suffer with Christ, who have by faith beheld h...
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And he left them, and went away again, and prayed the third time, saying the same words.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And he left them, and went away again, and prayed the third time, saying the same words</strong> (καὶ ἀφεὶς αὐτοὺς πάλιν ἀπελθὼν προσηύξατο ἐκ τρίτου τὸν αὐτὸν λόγον εἰπών)—The threefold prayer echoes biblical patterns (Paul's thorn, 2 Corinthians 12:8; Elijah raising the widow's son, 1 Kings 17:21). The phrase τὸν αὐτὸν λόγον ('the same word/message') shows Jesus repeated His submission t...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(44) **Saying the same words.**—The fact is suggestive, as indicating that there is a repetition in prayer which indicates not formalism, but intensity of feeling. Lower forms of sorrow may, as it were, play with grief and vary the forms of its expression, but the deepest and sharpest agony is content to fall back upon the iteration of the self-same words.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 36-46** He who made atonement for the sins of mankind, submitted himself in a garden of suffering, to the will of God, from which man had revolted in a garden of pleasure. Christ took with him into that part of the garden where he suffered his agony, only those who had witnessed his glory in his transfiguration. Those are best prepared to suffer with Christ, who have by faith beheld h...
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Then cometh he to his disciples, and saith unto them, Sleep on now, and take your rest: behold, the hour is at hand, and the Son of man is betrayed into the hands of sinners.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Then cometh he to his disciples, and saith unto them, Sleep on now, and take your rest</strong> (τότε ἔρχεται πρὸς τοὺς μαθητὰς καὶ λέγει αὐτοῖς, Καθεύδετε λοιπὸν καὶ ἀναπαύεσθε)—This is likely ironic or rhetorical—'Are you still sleeping and resting?' The λοιπόν ('finally, at last, from now on') may indicate resigned acceptance of their weakness, or it may be ironic: 'Sleep on, then!' The...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(45) **Sleep on now, and take your rest.**—There is an obvious difficulty in these words, followed as they are so immediately by the “Rise, let us be going,” of the next verse. We might, at first, be inclined to see in them a shade of implied reproach. “Sleep on now, if sleep under such conditions is possible; make the most of the short interval that remains before the hour of the betrayal comes.”...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 36-46** He who made atonement for the sins of mankind, submitted himself in a garden of suffering, to the will of God, from which man had revolted in a garden of pleasure. Christ took with him into that part of the garden where he suffered his agony, only those who had witnessed his glory in his transfiguration. Those are best prepared to suffer with Christ, who have by faith beheld h...
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Rise, let us be going: behold, he is at hand that doth betray me.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Rise, let us be going: behold, he is at hand that doth betray me</strong> (ἐγείρεσθε, ἄγωμεν· ἰδοὺ ἤγγικεν ὁ παραδιδούς με)—The imperative ἐγείρω ('rise, wake up') commands action. The hortatory subjunctive ἄγωμεν ('let us go') shows Jesus initiating movement—He doesn't flee or hide but advances toward His betrayer. The perfect ἤγγικεν ('has drawn near') shows Judas's arrival. The particip...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(46) **Rise, let us be going.**—It is obvious that the latter clause does not involve any suggestion of flight, but rather a call to confront the danger.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 36-46** He who made atonement for the sins of mankind, submitted himself in a garden of suffering, to the will of God, from which man had revolted in a garden of pleasure. Christ took with him into that part of the garden where he suffered his agony, only those who had witnessed his glory in his transfiguration. Those are best prepared to suffer with Christ, who have by faith beheld h...
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The Arrest of Jesus

And while he yet spake, lo, Judas, one of the twelve, came, and with him a great multitude with swords and staves, from the chief priests and elders of the people.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And while he yet spake, lo, Judas, one of the twelve, came</strong> (Καὶ ἔτι αὐτοῦ λαλοῦντος ἰδοὺ Ἰούδας εἷς τῶν δώδεκα ἦλθεν)—The phrase ἔτι αὐτοῦ λαλοῦντος ('while He was still speaking') shows immediate fulfillment—Jesus announced the betrayer's arrival (v. 46), and Judas appeared. The designation εἷς τῶν δώδεκα ('one of the twelve') emphasizes betrayal's heinousness—not an outsider but...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(47) **A great multitude with swords and staves.**—St. John’s account (John 18:3) is fuller. The multitude included (1) the band (not “*a* band,” as in the Authorised version), *i.e.,* the cohort (the same word as in Acts 10:1) of Roman soldiers sent by Pilate to prevent a tumult. These probably were armed with swords; (2) the officers of the chief-priests, probably the Levites or Nethinim, who we...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 47-56** No enemies are so much to be abhorred as those professed disciples that betray Christ with a kiss. God has no need of our services, much less of our sins, to bring about his purposes. Though Christ was crucified through weakness, it was voluntary weakness; he submitted to death. If he had not been willing to suffer, they could not conquer him. It was a great sin for those who ...
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Now he that betrayed him gave them a sign, saying, Whomsoever I shall kiss, that same is he: hold him fast.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Now he that betrayed him gave them a sign, saying, Whomsoever I shall kiss, that same is he: hold him fast</strong> (ὁ δὲ παραδιδοὺς αὐτὸν ἔδωκεν αὐτοῖς σημεῖον λέγων, Ὃν ἂν φιλήσω αὐτός ἐστιν· κρατήσατε αὐτόν)—The participle παραδιδούς ('the one betraying') identifies Judas by his deed. He gave a σημεῖον (sign, signal) to identify Jesus—ironic, since σημεῖον usually means miraculous sign,...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(48) **Whomsoever I shall kiss.**—It is probable, from the known customs (1) of the Jews and (2) of the early Christians (Romans 16:16; 1Thessalonians 5:26) that this was the usual salutation of the disciples to their Master. St. John, it may be noted, makes no mention of the sign; probably because here, as elsewhere, he seeks to give touches that others had passed over, rather than to repeat what...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 47-56** No enemies are so much to be abhorred as those professed disciples that betray Christ with a kiss. God has no need of our services, much less of our sins, to bring about his purposes. Though Christ was crucified through weakness, it was voluntary weakness; he submitted to death. If he had not been willing to suffer, they could not conquer him. It was a great sin for those who ...
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And forthwith he came to Jesus, and said, Hail, master; and kissed him.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And forthwith he came to Jesus, and said, Hail, master; and kissed him</strong> (καὶ εὐθέως προσελθὼν τῷ Ἰησοῦ εἶπεν, Χαῖρε, ῥαββί, καὶ κατεφίλησεν αὐτόν)—The adverb εὐθέως (immediately, straightway) shows no hesitation—Judas executed his treachery without pause. The greeting χαῖρε (hail, rejoice) and title ῥαββί (rabbi, my teacher) sound respectful, but the context exposes them as mockery...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(49) **Hail, master.**—Better, *Rabbi,* both St. Matthew and St. Mark (Mark 14:45) giving the Hebrew word. The Greek word for “hail” is somewhat more familiar than the English has come to be for us. It was, we may believe, the disciples’ usual greeting.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 47-56** No enemies are so much to be abhorred as those professed disciples that betray Christ with a kiss. God has no need of our services, much less of our sins, to bring about his purposes. Though Christ was crucified through weakness, it was voluntary weakness; he submitted to death. If he had not been willing to suffer, they could not conquer him. It was a great sin for those who ...
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And Jesus said unto him, Friend, wherefore art thou come? Then came they, and laid hands on Jesus, and took him.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And Jesus said unto him, Friend, wherefore art thou come?</strong> (ὁ δὲ Ἰησοῦς εἶπεν αὐτῷ, Ἑταῖρε, ἐφ' ὃ πάρει)—The address ἑταῖρε (companion, friend) is used by Jesus only three times (20:13; 22:12; 26:50), each time addressing someone engaged in wrong. It's formal, not intimate—perhaps 'comrade' or 'acquaintance' better captures the tone. The phrase ἐφ' ὃ πάρει is elliptical, meaning 'f...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(50) **Friend, wherefore art thou come?**—The word is the same as in Matthew 20:13; Matthew 22:12; and “comrade,” and the old and not yet obsolete English “mate,” come nearer to its meaning. In classical Greek it was used by fellow-soldiers, or sailors, of each other. Socrates used it in conversing with his scholars (Plato, *Repub.* i., p. 334). It is probably immediately after the kiss had thus b...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 47-56** No enemies are so much to be abhorred as those professed disciples that betray Christ with a kiss. God has no need of our services, much less of our sins, to bring about his purposes. Though Christ was crucified through weakness, it was voluntary weakness; he submitted to death. If he had not been willing to suffer, they could not conquer him. It was a great sin for those who ...
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And, behold, one of them which were with Jesus stretched out his hand, and drew his sword, and struck a servant of the high priest's, and smote off his ear.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And, behold, one of them which were with Jesus stretched out his hand, and drew his sword, and struck a servant of the high priest's, and smote off his ear</strong> (καὶ ἰδοὺ εἷς τῶν μετὰ Ἰησοῦ ἐκτείνας τὴν χεῖρα ἀπέσπασεν τὴν μάχαιραν αὐτοῦ καὶ πατάξας τὸν δοῦλον τοῦ ἀρχιερέως ἀφεῖλεν αὐτοῦ τὸ ὠτίον)—John 18:10 identifies 'one of them' as Peter and the servant as Malchus. The verb ἀποσπάω...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(51) **One of them which were with Jesus.**—It is remarkable that, though all four Gospels record the fact, St. John alone (John 18:10-11) records the names both of the disciple who struck the blow (Peter) and of the servant whom he attacked. The reticence of the first three Gospels in this instance, as in that of the woman with the box of ointment, must have been obviously intentional; but it is ...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 47-56** No enemies are so much to be abhorred as those professed disciples that betray Christ with a kiss. God has no need of our services, much less of our sins, to bring about his purposes. Though Christ was crucified through weakness, it was voluntary weakness; he submitted to death. If he had not been willing to suffer, they could not conquer him. It was a great sin for those who ...
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Then said Jesus unto him, Put up again thy sword into his place: for all they that take the sword shall perish with the sword.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Then said Jesus unto him, Put up again thy sword into his place: for all they that take the sword shall perish with the sword</strong> (τότε λέγει αὐτῷ ὁ Ἰησοῦς, Ἀπόστρεψον τὴν μάχαιράν σου εἰς τὸν τόπον αὐτῆς· πάντες γὰρ οἱ λαβόντες μάχαιραν ἐν μαχαίρῃ ἀπολοῦνται)—The command ἀποστρέφω ('turn back, return, put back') is urgent. Jesus immediately stops Peter's violence. The proverbial sayi...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(52) **All they that take the sword.**—St. Matthew’s record is here the fullest. St. Mark reports none of the words; St. Luke (Luke 22:51) gives only the calming utterance, “Suffer ye thus far;” St. John (John 18:11) adds to the command to put the sword into its sheath the words, “The cup which My Father hath given Me, shall I not drink it?” a manifest echo of the prayer that had been uttered befo...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 47-56** No enemies are so much to be abhorred as those professed disciples that betray Christ with a kiss. God has no need of our services, much less of our sins, to bring about his purposes. Though Christ was crucified through weakness, it was voluntary weakness; he submitted to death. If he had not been willing to suffer, they could not conquer him. It was a great sin for those who ...
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Thinkest thou that I cannot now pray to my Father, and he shall presently give me more than twelve legions of angels?

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Thinkest thou that I cannot now pray to my Father, and he shall presently give me more than twelve legions of angels?</strong> (ἢ δοκεῖς ὅτι οὐ δύναμαι παρακαλέσαι τὸν πατέρα μου, καὶ παραστήσει μοι ἄρτι πλείω δώδεκα λεγιῶνας ἀγγέλων;)—The rhetorical question expects 'Yes, You could.' The verb δύναμαι ('I am able') affirms Christ's power. He could παρακαλέσαι (invoke, call upon) the Father...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(53) **Thinkest thou that I cannot now pray . . .?**—There is a strange and suggestive blending of the possible and the impossible in these words. Could He have brought Himself to utter that prayer, it would have been answered. But He could not so pray unless He knew it to be in harmony with His Father’s will, and He had been taught, in that hour of agony, that it was not in harmony, and therefore...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 47-56** No enemies are so much to be abhorred as those professed disciples that betray Christ with a kiss. God has no need of our services, much less of our sins, to bring about his purposes. Though Christ was crucified through weakness, it was voluntary weakness; he submitted to death. If he had not been willing to suffer, they could not conquer him. It was a great sin for those who ...
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But how then shall the scriptures be fulfilled, that thus it must be?

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>But how then shall the scriptures be fulfilled, that thus it must be?</strong> (πῶς οὖν πληρωθῶσιν αἱ γραφαὶ ὅτι οὕτως δεῖ γενέσθαι;)—The conjunction οὖν (therefore, then) draws conclusion: resisting arrest would prevent Scripture's fulfillment. The verb πληρόω (plēroō, 'to fulfill, to complete') indicates divine plan revealed in αἱ γραφαί (the Scriptures). The impersonal δεῖ ('it is neces...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(54) **How then shall the scriptures be fulfilled?**—The words indicate what one may reverently speak of as the source of the peace and calmness which had come to our Lord’s human soul out of the depths of its agony. All that was sharpest and most bitter was part of a pre-ordained discipline. Not otherwise could the Scriptures be fulfilled, which had painted, if we may so speak, the picture of the...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 47-56** No enemies are so much to be abhorred as those professed disciples that betray Christ with a kiss. God has no need of our services, much less of our sins, to bring about his purposes. Though Christ was crucified through weakness, it was voluntary weakness; he submitted to death. If he had not been willing to suffer, they could not conquer him. It was a great sin for those who ...
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In that same hour said Jesus to the multitudes, Are ye come out as against a thief with swords and staves for to take me? I sat daily with you teaching in the temple, and ye laid no hold on me.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>In that same hour said Jesus to the multitudes, Are ye come out as against a thief with swords and staves for to take me?</strong> (Ἐν ἐκείνῃ τῇ ὥρᾳ εἶπεν ὁ Ἰησοῦς τοῖς ὄχλοις, Ὡς ἐπὶ λῃστὴν ἐξήλθατε μετὰ μαχαιρῶν καὶ ξύλων συλλαβεῖν με;)—The phrase ἐν ἐκείνῃ τῇ ὥρᾳ ('in that same hour') emphasizes the moment. Jesus addressed the ὄχλοι (crowds, armed mob) with rhetorical question exposing ...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(55) **Are ye come out as against a thief?**—Better, *as against a robber with swords and clubs.* The word is the same as that used in John 18:40, of Harabbas, and points to the brigand chieftain of a lawless band as distinct from the petty thief of towns or villages. **I sat daily with you teaching in the temple.**—The statement referred primarily, perhaps, to what had passed in the three days im...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 47-56** No enemies are so much to be abhorred as those professed disciples that betray Christ with a kiss. God has no need of our services, much less of our sins, to bring about his purposes. Though Christ was crucified through weakness, it was voluntary weakness; he submitted to death. If he had not been willing to suffer, they could not conquer him. It was a great sin for those who ...
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But all this was done, that the scriptures of the prophets might be fulfilled. Then all the disciples forsook him, and fled.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>But all this was done, that the scriptures of the prophets might be fulfilled</strong> (τοῦτο δὲ ὅλον γέγονεν ἵνα πληρωθῶσιν αἱ γραφαὶ τῶν προφητῶν)—The phrase τοῦτο ὅλον ('all this, this whole event') encompasses the arrest, betrayal, desertion—everything. The perfect γέγονεν ('has happened, has come to pass') stresses completed reality. The purpose clause ἵνα πληρωθῶσιν ('in order that m...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(56) **But all this was done.**—Better, *but all this has come to pass.* The words, though they agree in form with those of Mark 1:22, are, as we see from Mark 14:49, not a comment of the Evangelist’s, but our Lord’s own witness to the disciples and the multitude, that the treachery and violence of which He was the victim were all working out a divine purpose, and (as in Matthew 26:54) fulfilling ...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 47-56** No enemies are so much to be abhorred as those professed disciples that betray Christ with a kiss. God has no need of our services, much less of our sins, to bring about his purposes. Though Christ was crucified through weakness, it was voluntary weakness; he submitted to death. If he had not been willing to suffer, they could not conquer him. It was a great sin for those who ...
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Jesus Before Caiaphas

And they that had laid hold on Jesus led him away to Caiaphas the high priest, where the scribes and the elders were assembled.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And they that had laid hold on Jesus led him away to Caiaphas the high priest, where the scribes and the elders were assembled</strong> (Οἱ δὲ κρατήσαντες τὸν Ἰησοῦν ἀπήγαγον πρὸς Καϊάφαν τὸν ἀρχιερέα, ὅπου οἱ γραμματεῖς καὶ οἱ πρεσβύτεροι συνήχθησαν)—The verb ἀπάγω (apagō, 'to lead away') was used of leading to execution (27:31; Acts 12:19). They brought Jesus to Καϊάφας (Caiaphas), ὁ ἀρχ...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(57) **To Caiaphas the high priest.**—St. John alone, probably from the special facilities which he possessed as known to the high priest, records the preliminary examination before Annas (John 18:13; John 18:19-24). It was obviously intended to draw from our Lord’s lips something that might serve as the basis of an accusation. Caiaphas, we must remember, had already committed himself to the polic...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 57-68** Jesus was hurried into Jerusalem. It looks ill, and bodes worse, when those who are willing to be Christ's disciples, are not willing to be known to be so. Here began Peter's denying him: for to follow Christ afar off, is to begin to go back from him. It is more our concern to prepare for the end, whatever it may be, than curiously to ask what the end will be. The event is God...
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But Peter followed him afar off unto the high priest's palace, and went in, and sat with the servants, to see the end.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>But Peter followed him afar off unto the high priest's palace</strong> (Ὁ δὲ Πέτρος ἠκολούθει αὐτῷ ἀπὸ μακρόθεν ἕως τῆς αὐλῆς τοῦ ἀρχιερέως)—The imperfect ἠκολούθει ('was following') shows continued action—Peter didn't completely abandon Jesus. The phrase ἀπὸ μακρόθεν ('from afar, at a distance') reveals fearful caution. He wanted to know Jesus's fate but not identify with Him. Following '...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(58) **Peter followed him afar off.**—We find from St. John’s narrative, here much the fullest, that it was through him that Peter found admission. He sat in the “court” “with the servants” (better, *officers,* as in John 18:18) and the slaves, who, in the chill of the early dawn, had lighted a charcoal fire. Female slaves who acted as gate-keepers were passing to and fro. The cold night air had t...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 57-68** Jesus was hurried into Jerusalem. It looks ill, and bodes worse, when those who are willing to be Christ's disciples, are not willing to be known to be so. Here began Peter's denying him: for to follow Christ afar off, is to begin to go back from him. It is more our concern to prepare for the end, whatever it may be, than curiously to ask what the end will be. The event is God...
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Now the chief priests, and elders, and all the council, sought false witness against Jesus, to put him to death;

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Now the chief priests, and elders, and all the council, sought false witness against Jesus, to put him to death</strong> (οἱ δὲ ἀρχιερεῖς καὶ οἱ πρεσβύτεροι καὶ τὸ συνέδριον ὅλον ἐζήτουν ψευδομαρτυρίαν κατὰ τοῦ Ἰησοῦ ὅπως αὐτὸν θανατώσωσιν)—The imperfect ἐζήτουν ('were seeking') shows sustained effort. They sought ψευδομαρτυρία (false testimony, perjured witness) κατὰ τοῦ Ἰησοῦ ('against J...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(59) **Sought false witness.**—The tense of the Greek verb implies a continued process of seeking. The attempt to draw the materials for condemnation from the lips of the accused had failed. The law of Moses required at least two witnesses (Deuteronomy 17:6; Deuteronomy 19:15), and these, it is natural to believe, were examined independently of each other. The haste which marked all the proceeding...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 57-68** Jesus was hurried into Jerusalem. It looks ill, and bodes worse, when those who are willing to be Christ's disciples, are not willing to be known to be so. Here began Peter's denying him: for to follow Christ afar off, is to begin to go back from him. It is more our concern to prepare for the end, whatever it may be, than curiously to ask what the end will be. The event is God...
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But found none: yea, though many false witnesses came, yet found they none. At the last came two false witnesses,

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>But found none: yea, though many false witnesses came, yet found they none</strong> (καὶ οὐχ εὗρον πολλῶν προσελθόντων ψευδομαρτύρων)—The verb εὑρίσκω (heuriskō, 'to find') in negative form shows their failure despite multiple attempts. Though many (πολλῶν) false witnesses (ψευδομάρτυρες) came forward (προσέρχομαι, proserchomai), they οὐχ εὗρον ('did not find' consistent testimony). The fa...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 57-68** Jesus was hurried into Jerusalem. It looks ill, and bodes worse, when those who are willing to be Christ's disciples, are not willing to be known to be so. Here began Peter's denying him: for to follow Christ afar off, is to begin to go back from him. It is more our concern to prepare for the end, whatever it may be, than curiously to ask what the end will be. The event is God...
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And said, This fellow said, I am able to destroy the temple of God, and to build it in three days.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And said, This fellow said, I am able to destroy the temple of God, and to build it in three days</strong> (εἶπαν, Οὗτος ἔφη, Δύναμαι καταλῦσαι τὸν ναὸν τοῦ θεοῦ καὶ διὰ τριῶν ἡμερῶν οἰκοδομῆσαι αὐτόν)—The contemptuous οὗτος ('this fellow, this one') shows disrespect. They quoted Jesus's words (John 2:19) but distorted them: Jesus said, 'Destroy this temple' (imperative, challenging them);...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(61) **This fellow said, I am able to destroy the temple of God.**—It is remarkable that the two Gospels which record the charge do not record the words in which it had its starting-point. Apparently, the second cleansing of the Temple (Matthew 21:12) had revived the memory of the first, and brought back to men’s minds the words that had then been spoken—“Destroy this temple, and in three days I w...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 57-68** Jesus was hurried into Jerusalem. It looks ill, and bodes worse, when those who are willing to be Christ's disciples, are not willing to be known to be so. Here began Peter's denying him: for to follow Christ afar off, is to begin to go back from him. It is more our concern to prepare for the end, whatever it may be, than curiously to ask what the end will be. The event is God...
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And the high priest arose, and said unto him, Answerest thou nothing? what is it which these witness against thee?

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And the high priest arose, and said unto him, Answerest thou nothing? what is it which these witness against thee?</strong> (καὶ ἀναστὰς ὁ ἀρχιερεὺς εἶπεν αὐτῷ, Οὐδὲν ἀποκρίνῃ; τί οὗτοί σου καταμαρτυροῦσιν;)—The participle ἀνίστημι (anistēmi, 'to stand up, to rise') shows the high priest rising, emphasizing the moment's gravity. The double question presses Jesus: Οὐδὲν ἀποκρίνῃ; ('You answ...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(62) **Answerest thou nothing?**—A different punctuation gives, *Answerest Thou nothing to what these witness against Thee?* as one question. The question implies a long-continued silence, while witness after witness were uttering their clumsy falsehoods, the effect of which it is not easy to realise without a more than common exercise of what may be called dramatic imagination. I remember hearing...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 57-68** Jesus was hurried into Jerusalem. It looks ill, and bodes worse, when those who are willing to be Christ's disciples, are not willing to be known to be so. Here began Peter's denying him: for to follow Christ afar off, is to begin to go back from him. It is more our concern to prepare for the end, whatever it may be, than curiously to ask what the end will be. The event is God...
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But Jesus held his peace. And the high priest answered and said unto him, I adjure thee by the living God, that thou tell us whether thou be the Christ, the Son of God.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>But Jesus held his peace. And the high priest answered and said unto him, I adjure thee by the living God, that thou tell us whether thou be the Christ, the Son of God</strong> (ὁ δὲ Ἰησοῦς ἐσιώπα. καὶ ὁ ἀρχιερεὺς εἶπεν αὐτῷ, Ἐξορκίζω σε κατὰ τοῦ θεοῦ τοῦ ζῶντος ἵνα ἡμῖν εἴπῃς εἰ σὺ εἶ ὁ Χριστὸς ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ θεοῦ)—The imperfect ἐσιώπα ('He kept silent, He remained quiet') shows continued sil...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(63) **I adjure thee by the living God** **. . .**—The appeal was one of unusual solemnity. All else had failed to break through the silence, but this would surely rouse Him. Technically, the oath thus tendered to the accused was of the nature of an oath of compurgation, such as that recognised in Exodus 22:11, Numbers 5:19-22, 1Kings 8:31, but it was skilfully worded so as to force upon our Lord ...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 57-68** Jesus was hurried into Jerusalem. It looks ill, and bodes worse, when those who are willing to be Christ's disciples, are not willing to be known to be so. Here began Peter's denying him: for to follow Christ afar off, is to begin to go back from him. It is more our concern to prepare for the end, whatever it may be, than curiously to ask what the end will be. The event is God...
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Jesus saith unto him, Thou hast said: nevertheless I say unto you, Hereafter shall ye see the Son of man sitting on the right hand of power, and coming in the clouds of heaven.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Jesus saith unto him, Thou hast said</strong> (λέγει αὐτῷ ὁ Ἰησοῦς, Σὺ εἶπας)—The phrase Σὺ εἶπας is Hebraic affirmation—'You yourself have said it' means 'Yes.' Jesus affirmed His identity as Christ and Son of God. Mark 14:62 records stronger affirmation: 'I am' (Ἐγώ εἰμι). Jesus then elaborated: <strong>nevertheless I say unto you, Hereafter shall ye see the Son of man sitting on the rig...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(64) **Thou hast said.**—The silence was broken as they expected. He was indeed what the words they had uttered implied. More than this, He was also the Son of Man of Daniel’s vision (Daniel 7:13), the Head of an everlasting kingdom. No words in the whole Gospel records are more decisive against the views of those who would fain see in our Lord only a great moral teacher, like Socrates or Cakya Mo...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 57-68** Jesus was hurried into Jerusalem. It looks ill, and bodes worse, when those who are willing to be Christ's disciples, are not willing to be known to be so. Here began Peter's denying him: for to follow Christ afar off, is to begin to go back from him. It is more our concern to prepare for the end, whatever it may be, than curiously to ask what the end will be. The event is God...
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Then the high priest rent his clothes, saying, He hath spoken blasphemy; what further need have we of witnesses? behold, now ye have heard his blasphemy.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Then the high priest rent his clothes, saying, He hath spoken blasphemy</strong> (τότε ὁ ἀρχιερεὺς διέρρηξεν τὰ ἱμάτια αὐτοῦ λέγων, Ἐβλασφήμησεν)—The verb διαρρήγνυμι (diarrhēgnymi, 'to tear apart, to rend') describes the high priest tearing his ἱμάτια (garments)—traditional expression of horror at blasphemy (2 Kings 18:37; 19:1; Acts 14:14). Ironically, the high priest's garments weren't ...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(65) **Then the high priest rent his clothes.**—The act was almost as much a formal sign of condemnation as the putting on of the black cap by an English judge. The judges in a Jewish trial for blasphemy were bound to rend their clothes in twain when the blasphemous words were uttered, and the clothes so torn were never afterwards to be mended. In Acts 14:14 the same act appears, on the part of Pa...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 57-68** Jesus was hurried into Jerusalem. It looks ill, and bodes worse, when those who are willing to be Christ's disciples, are not willing to be known to be so. Here began Peter's denying him: for to follow Christ afar off, is to begin to go back from him. It is more our concern to prepare for the end, whatever it may be, than curiously to ask what the end will be. The event is God...
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What think ye? They answered and said, He is guilty of death.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>What think ye? They answered and said, He is guilty of death</strong> (τί ὑμῖν δοκεῖ; οἱ δὲ ἀποκριθέντες εἶπαν, Ἔνοχος θανάτου ἐστίν)—The high priest's question τί ὑμῖν δοκεῖ; ('What do you think? What is your verdict?') demanded judgment. The response was unanimous: Ἔνοχος θανάτου ἐστίν ('He is liable/guilty of death, He deserves death'). The adjective ἔνοχος (enochos) means 'held in, bou...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(66) **He is guilty of death.**—In modern English the word “guilty” is almost always followed by the crime which a man has committed. In older use it was followed by the punishment which the man deserved. (Comp. Numbers 35:31.) The decision, as far as the meeting went, was unanimous. Sentence was passed. It remained, however, to carry the sentence into effect, and this, while the Roman governor wa...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 57-68** Jesus was hurried into Jerusalem. It looks ill, and bodes worse, when those who are willing to be Christ's disciples, are not willing to be known to be so. Here began Peter's denying him: for to follow Christ afar off, is to begin to go back from him. It is more our concern to prepare for the end, whatever it may be, than curiously to ask what the end will be. The event is God...
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Then did they spit in his face, and buffeted him; and others smote him with the palms of their hands, the palms: or, rods

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Then did they spit in his face, and buffeted him; and others smote him with the palms of their hands</strong> (Τότε ἐνέπτυσαν εἰς τὸ πρόσωπον αὐτοῦ καὶ ἐκολάφισαν αὐτόν, οἱ δὲ ἐράπισαν)—After conviction came abuse. The verb ἐμπτύω (emptýō, 'to spit upon') was ultimate insult in ancient Near East, expressing contempt and rejection (Numbers 12:14; Deuteronomy 25:9; Job 30:10). They spat εἰς ...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(67) **Then did they spit in his face.**—We learn from St. Mark (Mark 14:65) and St. Luke (Luke 22:63) that these acts of outrage were perpetrated, not by the members of the Sanhedrin, but by the officers who had the accused in their custody, and who, it would seem, availed themselves of the interval between the two meetings of the council to indulge in this wanton cruelty. Here, also, they were u...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 57-68** Jesus was hurried into Jerusalem. It looks ill, and bodes worse, when those who are willing to be Christ's disciples, are not willing to be known to be so. Here began Peter's denying him: for to follow Christ afar off, is to begin to go back from him. It is more our concern to prepare for the end, whatever it may be, than curiously to ask what the end will be. The event is God...
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Saying, Prophesy unto us, thou Christ, Who is he that smote thee?

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Saying, Prophesy unto us, thou Christ, Who is he that smote thee?</strong> (λέγοντες, Προφήτευσον ἡμῖν, Χριστέ, τίς ἐστιν ὁ παίσας σε;)—Mark 14:65 adds they blindfolded Jesus before this mocking game. The imperative προφητεύω (prophēteuō, 'prophesy') sarcastically demands supernatural knowledge. The vocative Χριστέ (Christ) drips with contempt—'So You're the Christ? Prove it!' The question...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(68) **Prophesy unto us, thou Christ.**—The words derived their point from the fact recorded by St. Mark (Mark 14:65), that the officers had blindfolded their prisoner. Was He able, through His supernatural power, to identify those who smote Him?

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 57-68** Jesus was hurried into Jerusalem. It looks ill, and bodes worse, when those who are willing to be Christ's disciples, are not willing to be known to be so. Here began Peter's denying him: for to follow Christ afar off, is to begin to go back from him. It is more our concern to prepare for the end, whatever it may be, than curiously to ask what the end will be. The event is God...
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Peter Denies Jesus

Now Peter sat without in the palace: and a damsel came unto him, saying, Thou also wast with Jesus of Galilee.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Now Peter sat without in the palace: and a damsel came unto him, saying, Thou also wast with Jesus of Galilee</strong> (Ὁ δὲ Πέτρος ἐκάθητο ἔξω ἐν τῇ αὐλῇ· καὶ προσῆλθεν αὐτῷ μία παιδίσκη λέγουσα, Καὶ σὺ ἦσθα μετὰ Ἰησοῦ τοῦ Γαλιλαίου)—While Jesus endured trial inside, Peter sat (ἐκάθητο, imperfect—'was sitting') ἔξω ('outside, without') in the αὐλή (courtyard). A μία παιδίσκη ('a certain s...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(69) **Now Peter sat without in the palace.**—Better, *had sat down in the court.* The word rendered “palace” here and in Matthew 26:58, is strictly the court-yard or quadrangle round which a house was built. It may be well to bring together the order of the Apostle’s thrice-repeated denials. (1) On his entry into the court-yard of the palace, in answer to the female slave who kept the door (John ...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 69-75** Peter's sin is truly related, for the Scriptures deal faithfully. Bad company leads to sin: those who needlessly thrust themselves into it, may expect to be tempted and insnared, as Peter. They scarcely can come out of such company without guilt or grief, or both. It is a great fault to be shy of Christ; and to dissemble our knowledge of him, when we are called to own him, is,...
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But he denied before them all, saying, I know not what thou sayest.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>But he denied before them all, saying, I know not what thou sayest</strong> (ὁ δὲ ἠρνήσατο ἔμπροσθεν πάντων λέγων, Οὐκ οἶδα τί λέγεις)—The verb ἀρνέομαι (arneomai, 'to deny, to refuse, to disown') is the same word Jesus used in 26:34 predicting Peter's denials. The phrase ἔμπροσθεν πάντων ('before all, in the presence of all') shows public denial—not private failure but open repudiation. P...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 69-75** Peter's sin is truly related, for the Scriptures deal faithfully. Bad company leads to sin: those who needlessly thrust themselves into it, may expect to be tempted and insnared, as Peter. They scarcely can come out of such company without guilt or grief, or both. It is a great fault to be shy of Christ; and to dissemble our knowledge of him, when we are called to own him, is,...
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And when he was gone out into the porch, another maid saw him, and said unto them that were there, This fellow was also with Jesus of Nazareth.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And when he was gone out into the porch, another maid saw him, and said unto them that were there, This fellow was also with Jesus of Nazareth</strong> (ἐξελθόντα δὲ εἰς τὸν πυλῶνα εἶδεν αὐτὸν ἄλλη καὶ λέγει τοῖς ἐκεῖ, Οὗτος ἦν μετὰ Ἰησοῦ τοῦ Ναζωραίου)—Peter's first denial didn't end his trial. He withdrew εἰς τὸν πυλῶνα (into the gateway/porch) perhaps hoping to escape notice, but ἄλλη (...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 69-75** Peter's sin is truly related, for the Scriptures deal faithfully. Bad company leads to sin: those who needlessly thrust themselves into it, may expect to be tempted and insnared, as Peter. They scarcely can come out of such company without guilt or grief, or both. It is a great fault to be shy of Christ; and to dissemble our knowledge of him, when we are called to own him, is,...
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And again he denied with an oath, I do not know the man.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And again he denied with an oath, I do not know the man</strong> (καὶ πάλιν ἠρνήσατο μετὰ ὅρκου ὅτι Οὐκ οἶδα τὸν ἄνθρωπον)—Peter's second denial escalated: πάλιν ('again') he denied (ἀρνέομαι), but now μετὰ ὅρκου ('with an oath'). An ὅρκος (oath) invoked God as witness to truth—ironically, Peter swore by God while denying God's Son. The phrase Οὐκ οἶδα τὸν ἄνθρωπον ('I do not know the man'...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(72) **With an oath.**—The downward step once taken, the disciple’s fall was fatally rapid. Forgetful of his Lord’s command forbidding any use of oaths in common speech (Matthew 5:34), he did not shrink from invoking the divine name, directly or indirectly, to attest his falsehood.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 69-75** Peter's sin is truly related, for the Scriptures deal faithfully. Bad company leads to sin: those who needlessly thrust themselves into it, may expect to be tempted and insnared, as Peter. They scarcely can come out of such company without guilt or grief, or both. It is a great fault to be shy of Christ; and to dissemble our knowledge of him, when we are called to own him, is,...
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And after a while came unto him they that stood by, and said to Peter, Surely thou also art one of them; for thy speech bewrayeth thee .

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And after a while came unto him they that stood by, and said to Peter, Surely thou also art one of them; for thy speech bewrayeth thee</strong> (μετὰ μικρὸν δὲ προσελθόντες οἱ ἑστῶτες εἶπον τῷ Πέτρῳ, Ἀληθῶς καὶ σὺ ἐξ αὐτῶν εἶ, καὶ γὰρ ἡ λαλιά σου δῆλόν σε ποιεῖ)—After μικρόν ('a little while,' perhaps 15-30 minutes), bystanders (οἱ ἑστῶτες, 'those standing by') confronted Peter. The adverb...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(73) **Thy speech bewrayeth thee.**—The Galilean *patois* was probably stronger when he spoke under the influence of strong excitement. It was said to have, as its chief feature, a confused thick utterance of the guttural letters of the Hebrew alphabet, so that they could not be distinguished from each other, and the change of *Sh* into *Th.* The half-detection which the remark implied, perhaps, a...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 69-75** Peter's sin is truly related, for the Scriptures deal faithfully. Bad company leads to sin: those who needlessly thrust themselves into it, may expect to be tempted and insnared, as Peter. They scarcely can come out of such company without guilt or grief, or both. It is a great fault to be shy of Christ; and to dissemble our knowledge of him, when we are called to own him, is,...
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Then began he to curse and to swear, saying, I know not the man. And immediately the cock crew.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Then began he to curse and to swear, saying, I know not the man</strong> (τότε ἤρξατο καταθεματίζειν καὶ ὀμνύειν ὅτι Οὐκ οἶδα τὸν ἄνθρωπον)—Peter's third denial reached maximum intensity. The verb καταθεματίζω (katathematizō, 'to curse, to invoke curses, to bind oneself by oath') and ὀμνύω (omnyō, 'to swear, to take oath') show Peter calling down curses on himself if lying—'May God curse m...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(74) **To curse and to swear.**—We may infer from the two words that he used some common formula of execration, such as, *e.g.,* “God do so to me and more also” (1Kings 19:2; 1Kings 20:10), as well as the oath-formula, “By Heaven,” or “By the Temple.” **Immediately the cock crew.**—St. Mark alone records the first cock-crow. The Greek has no article; “*a* cock crew.” We find from Mark 13:35 that “...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 69-75** Peter's sin is truly related, for the Scriptures deal faithfully. Bad company leads to sin: those who needlessly thrust themselves into it, may expect to be tempted and insnared, as Peter. They scarcely can come out of such company without guilt or grief, or both. It is a great fault to be shy of Christ; and to dissemble our knowledge of him, when we are called to own him, is,...
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And Peter remembered the word of Jesus, which said unto him, Before the cock crow, thou shalt deny me thrice. And he went out, and wept bitterly.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And Peter remembered the word of Jesus, which said unto him, Before the cock crow, thou shalt deny me thrice</strong> (καὶ ἐμνήσθη ὁ Πέτρος τοῦ ῥήματος Ἰησοῦ εἰρηκότος ὅτι Πρὸ ἀλέκτορος φωνῆσαι τρὶς ἀπαρνήσῃ με)—The verb μιμνῄσκομαι (mimnēskomai, 'to remember, to recall') shows the cock-crow triggered memory. Peter remembered τοῦ ῥήματος (the word, saying) of Jesus—specifically His predict...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(75) **Peter remembered the word of Jesus.**—St. Luke records (Luke 22:61) that it was at this moment, probably as He was passing from the council chamber, mocked and buffeted by the officers, that “the Lord turned and looked upon Peter.” That glance, full, we must believe, of tenderest pity and deepest sadness, as of one who was moved not by anger but by sorrow, recalled him to his better self, a...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 69-75** Peter's sin is truly related, for the Scriptures deal faithfully. Bad company leads to sin: those who needlessly thrust themselves into it, may expect to be tempted and insnared, as Peter. They scarcely can come out of such company without guilt or grief, or both. It is a great fault to be shy of Christ; and to dissemble our knowledge of him, when we are called to own him, is,...
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