King James Version

What Does Matthew 26:42 Mean?

Matthew 26:42 in the King James Version says “He went away again the second time, and prayed, saying, O my Father, if this cup may not pass away from me, except I dri... — study this verse from Matthew chapter 26 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

He went away again the second time, and prayed, saying, O my Father, if this cup may not pass away from me, except I drink it, thy will be done.

Matthew 26:42 · KJV


Context

40

And he cometh unto the disciples, and findeth them asleep, and saith unto Peter, What, could ye not watch with me one hour?

41

Watch and pray, that ye enter not into temptation: the spirit indeed is willing, but the flesh is weak.

42

He went away again the second time, and prayed, saying, O my Father, if this cup may not pass away from me, except I drink it, thy will be done.

43

And he came and found them asleep again: for their eyes were heavy.

44

And he left them, and went away again, and prayed the third time, saying the same words.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
He went away again the second time, and prayed, saying, O my Father, if this cup may not pass away from me, except I drink it, thy will be done (πάλιν ἐκ δευτέρου ἀπελθὼν προσηύξατο λέγων, Πάτερ μου, εἰ οὐ δύναται τοῦτο παρελθεῖν ἐὰν μὴ αὐτὸ πίω, γενηθήτω τὸ θέλημά σου)—The second prayer shows progression from 'if possible, let this cup pass' (26:39) to 'if it cannot pass unless I drink it, Your will be done.' The conditional εἰ οὐ δύναται παρελθεῖν ἐὰν μὴ αὐτὸ πίω ('if this cannot pass unless I drink it') acknowledges the necessity of the cross for salvation. The Father's silence to the first prayer answered it—the cup could not pass; atonement required Christ's drinking judgment's full measure.

Thy will be done (γενηθήτω τὸ θέλημά σου)—The aorist imperative γίνομαι expresses submission: 'Let Your will happen.' This echoes the Lord's Prayer (6:10) but now Jesus personally embraces the costly will He taught others to pray. Here is the incarnate Son's voluntary submission to the Father's redemptive plan. The agony reveals the cost; the submission reveals the love. Christ's humanity recoiled from sin-bearing; His deity resolved to accomplish it.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

This occurred in Gethsemane ('oil press'), an olive grove on the Mount of Olives east of Jerusalem, Thursday night before crucifixion. Jesus took Peter, James, and John deeper into the garden (26:37) while He prayed alone. The progression through three prayers shows increasing resignation to the Father's will. Luke 22:44 notes His sweat 'like great drops of blood'—possibly hematidrosis, where extreme stress causes blood to mix with sweat. The garden represents the Second Adam's obedience contrasted with Eden's First Adam's disobedience.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does Jesus's progression from 'if possible' to 'Your will be done' model wrestling with God's hard will while ultimately submitting?
  2. What does Christ's costly submission to the Father's will teach about the price of your redemption?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 25 words
πάλιν1 of 25

again

G3825

(adverbially) anew, i.e., (of place) back, (of time) once more, or (conjunctionally) furthermore or on the other hand

ἐκ2 of 25

the

G1537

a primary preposition denoting origin (the point whence action or motion proceeds), from, out (of place, time, or cause literal or figurative; direct

δευτέρου3 of 25

second time

G1208

(ordinal) second (in time, place, or rank; also adverb)

ἀπελθὼν4 of 25

He went away

G565

to go off (i.e., depart), aside (i.e., apart) or behind (i.e., follow), literally or figuratively

προσηύξατο5 of 25

and prayed

G4336

to pray to god, i.e., supplicate, worship

λέγων,6 of 25

saying

G3004

properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an

Πάτερ7 of 25

Father

G3962

a "father" (literally or figuratively, near or more remote)

μου8 of 25

O my

G3450

of me

εἰ9 of 25

if

G1487

if, whether, that, etc

οὐ10 of 25

not

G3756

the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not

δύναται11 of 25

may

G1410

to be able or possible

τοῦτο12 of 25

this

G5124

that thing

τὸ13 of 25
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ποτὴριον14 of 25

cup

G4221

a drinking-vessel; by extension, the contents thereof, i.e., a cupful (draught); figuratively, a lot or fate

παρελθεῖν15 of 25

pass away

G3928

to come near or aside, i.e., to approach (arrive), go by (or away), (figuratively) perish or neglect, (causative) avert

ἀπ'16 of 25

from

G575

"off," i.e., away (from something near), in various senses (of place, time, or relation; literal or figurative)

ἐμοῦ,17 of 25

me

G1700

of me

ἐὰν18 of 25
G1437

a conditional particle; in case that, provided, etc.; often used in connection with other particles to denote indefiniteness or uncertainty

μὴ19 of 25
G3361

(adverb) not, (conjunction) lest; also (as an interrogative implying a negative answer (whereas g3756 expects an affirmative one)) whether

αὐτὸ20 of 25

it

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

πίω21 of 25

I drink

G4095

to imbibe (literally or figuratively)

γενηθήτω22 of 25

be done

G1096

to cause to be ("gen"-erate), i.e., (reflexively) to become (come into being), used with great latitude (literal, figurative, intensive, etc.)

τὸ23 of 25
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

θέλημά24 of 25

will

G2307

a determination (properly, the thing), i.e., (actively) choice (specially, purpose, decree; abstractly, volition) or (passively) inclination

σου25 of 25

thy

G4675

of thee, thy


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Matthew. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Matthew 26:42 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Matthew 26:42 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Test Your Knowledge

Continue Your Study