King James Version

What Does Matthew 26:50 Mean?

Matthew 26:50 in the King James Version says “And Jesus said unto him, Friend, wherefore art thou come? Then came they, and laid hands on Jesus, and took him. — study this verse from Matthew chapter 26 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

And Jesus said unto him, Friend, wherefore art thou come? Then came they, and laid hands on Jesus, and took him.

Matthew 26:50 · KJV


Context

48

Now he that betrayed him gave them a sign, saying, Whomsoever I shall kiss, that same is he: hold him fast.

49

And forthwith he came to Jesus, and said, Hail, master; and kissed him.

50

And Jesus said unto him, Friend, wherefore art thou come? Then came they, and laid hands on Jesus, and took him.

51

And, behold, one of them which were with Jesus stretched out his hand, and drew his sword, and struck a servant of the high priest's, and smote off his ear.

52

Then said Jesus unto him, Put up again thy sword into his place: for all they that take the sword shall perish with the sword.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And Jesus said unto him, Friend, wherefore art thou come? (ὁ δὲ Ἰησοῦς εἶπεν αὐτῷ, Ἑταῖρε, ἐφ' ὃ πάρει)—The address ἑταῖρε (companion, friend) is used by Jesus only three times (20:13; 22:12; 26:50), each time addressing someone engaged in wrong. It's formal, not intimate—perhaps 'comrade' or 'acquaintance' better captures the tone. The phrase ἐφ' ὃ πάρει is elliptical, meaning 'for which you are here' or 'why you came'—either statement or question. Jesus forces Judas to confront his purpose. This isn't ignorance seeking information but omniscience demanding acknowledgment.

Then came they, and laid hands on Jesus, and took him (τότε προσελθόντες ἐπέβαλον τὰς χεῖρας ἐπὶ τὸν Ἰησοῦν καὶ ἐκράτησαν αὐτόν)—Immediately after Judas's kiss, they seized (κρατέω, krateō) Jesus. The verb ἐπιβάλλω τὰς χεῖρας ('to lay hands on') suggests forceful arrest. Yet John 18:6 shows they first fell backward when Jesus identified Himself—He could have escaped but voluntarily submitted. His arrest was simultaneously violent seizure and willing surrender.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Jesus's question to Judas gave him opportunity for repentance—even then, Christ offered mercy. Judas's silence (no recorded response) shows hardened treachery. The immediate arrest after the kiss fulfilled Judas's signal. Roman and temple authorities acted together—unusual cooperation between occupiers and occupied, united against Christ. This fulfilled Psalm 2:2: 'The kings of the earth set themselves...against the Lord and against His Anointed.' The arrest initiated the Passion—illegal night trial, false witnesses, crucifixion.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does Jesus's 'Friend, why are you here?' challenge you to examine the purpose behind your religious activities?
  2. What does Jesus's voluntary submission despite having power to escape teach about the nature of His sacrifice?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 20 words
1 of 20
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

δὲ2 of 20

And

G1161

but, and, etc

Ἰησοῦν3 of 20

Jesus

G2424

jesus (i.e., jehoshua), the name of our lord and two (three) other israelites

εἶπεν4 of 20

said

G2036

to speak or say (by word or writing)

αὐτόν5 of 20

him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

Ἑταῖρε6 of 20

Friend

G2083

a comrade

ἐπὶ7 of 20

on

G1909

properly, meaning superimposition (of time, place, order, etc.), as a relation of distribution (with the genitive case), i.e., over, upon, etc.; of re

8 of 20

art thou

G3739

the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that

πάρει9 of 20

come

G3918

to be near, i.e., at hand; neuter present participle (singular) time being, or (plural) property

τότε10 of 20

Then

G5119

the when, i.e., at the time that (of the past or future, also in consecution)

προσελθόντες11 of 20

came they

G4334

to approach, i.e., (literally) come near, visit, or (figuratively) worship, assent to

ἐπέβαλον12 of 20

and laid

G1911

to throw upon (literal or figurative, transitive or reflexive; usually with more or less force); specially (with g1438 implied) to reflect; impersonal

τὰς13 of 20
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

χεῖρας14 of 20

hands

G5495

the hand (literally or figuratively (power); especially (by hebraism) a means or instrument)

ἐπὶ15 of 20

on

G1909

properly, meaning superimposition (of time, place, order, etc.), as a relation of distribution (with the genitive case), i.e., over, upon, etc.; of re

τὸν16 of 20
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

Ἰησοῦν17 of 20

Jesus

G2424

jesus (i.e., jehoshua), the name of our lord and two (three) other israelites

καὶ18 of 20

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

ἐκράτησαν19 of 20

took

G2902

to use strength, i.e., seize or retain (literally or figuratively)

αὐτόν20 of 20

him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Matthew. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Matthew 26:50 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Matthew 26:50 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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