About Acts

Acts records the birth and growth of the church through the power of the Holy Spirit from Jerusalem to Rome.

Author: LukeWritten: c. AD 62-64Reading time: ~5 minVerses: 40
Holy SpiritWitnessChurch GrowthMissionPersecutionUnity

King James Version

Acts 21

40 verses with commentary

Paul's Journey to Jerusalem

And it came to pass, that after we were gotten from them, and had launched, we came with a straight course unto Coos, and the day following unto Rhodes, and from thence unto Patara:

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KJV Study Commentary

Luke's 'we' narrative resumes, indicating his personal presence with Paul on this final journey to Jerusalem. The detailed itinerary (Coos, Rhodes, Patara) reflects the accuracy of an eyewitness account and demonstrates God's providential guidance through each stage of Paul's missionary work. This marks the beginning of Paul's fateful journey that would lead to his arrest and eventual testimony in...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

XXI. (1) **After we were gotten from them . . .**—The Greek verb is more emphatic, and might almost be rendered, “When we had *torn ourselves away* from them.” **We came with a straight course unto Coos . . .**—The navigation is, as before (Acts 20:14-15), from port to port. It would hardly be within the scope of a Commentary to enter at length into the history of each place. It will be enough to ...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**29. Forasmuch then as we are the offspring of God, we ought not to think--**The courtesy of this language is worthy of notice. **that the Godhead is like unto gold, or silver, or stone, graven by art and man's device--**("graven by the art or device of man"). One can hardly doubt that the apostle would here point to those matchless monuments of the plastic art, in gold and silver and costliest...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 21 Chapter Outline Christ appears to his disciples.(1-14) His discourse with Peter.(15-19) Christ's declaration concerning John.(20-24) The conclusion.(25) **Verses 1-14** Christ makes himself known to his people, usually in his ordinances; but sometimes by his Spirit he visits them when employed in their business. It is good for the disciples of Christ to be toge...
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And finding a ship sailing over unto Phenicia, we went aboard, and set forth.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And finding a ship sailing over unto Phenicia, we went aboard, and set forth</strong>—The simplicity of Luke's 'we' narrative (indicating his personal presence) masks the significance: Paul's final journey to Jerusalem despite prophetic warnings of imprisonment (Acts 21:4, 11). The Greek ἀνεύροντες (aneurontes, 'finding') suggests providential discovery—not chance but divine orchestration ...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**30. the times of this ignorance God winked at--**literally (and far better), "overlooked," that is, bore with, without interposing to punish it, otherwise than suffering the debasing tendency of such worship to develop itself (compare Ac 14:16, and see on Ro 1:24, &amp;c.). **but now--**that a new light was risen upon the world. **commandeth--**"That duty--all along lying upon man estranged ...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 21 Chapter Outline Christ appears to his disciples.(1-14) His discourse with Peter.(15-19) Christ's declaration concerning John.(20-24) The conclusion.(25) **Verses 1-14** Christ makes himself known to his people, usually in his ordinances; but sometimes by his Spirit he visits them when employed in their business. It is good for the disciples of Christ to be toge...
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Now when we had discovered Cyprus, we left it on the left hand, and sailed into Syria, and landed at Tyre: for there the ship was to unlade her burden.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>We left it on the left hand</strong> (εὐώνυμον, euōnymon)—The nautical detail of passing Cyprus to port (left side) while sailing to Syria reflects Luke's eyewitness precision. <strong>Landed at Tyre</strong> marks a significant stop where the ship would 'unlade her burden' (ἀποφορτίζομαι, apophortízomai), meaning to discharge cargo. Tyre, once denounced by prophets (Isaiah 23, Ezekiel 26-...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(3) **When we had discovered Cyprus . . .**—The use of a technical term here is specially characteristic of St. Luke. Here the meaning is that, as soon as they *sighted* Cyprus, they stood to the southeast, and so had it on their left as they continued their voyage to Syria. At Tyre they had again to change their ship. On the position and history of Tyre, see Note on Matthew 11:21.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**31. Because he hath appointed a day in the which he will judge the world--**Such language beyond doubt teaches that the judgment will, in its essence, be a solemn judicial assize held upon all mankind at once. "Aptly is this uttered on the Areopagus, the seat of judgment" [Bengel]. **by that man whom he hath ordained--**compare Joh 5:22, 23, 27; Ac 10:42. **whereof he hath given assurance un...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 21 Chapter Outline Christ appears to his disciples.(1-14) His discourse with Peter.(15-19) Christ's declaration concerning John.(20-24) The conclusion.(25) **Verses 1-14** Christ makes himself known to his people, usually in his ordinances; but sometimes by his Spirit he visits them when employed in their business. It is good for the disciples of Christ to be toge...
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And finding disciples, we tarried there seven days: who said to Paul through the Spirit, that he should not go up to Jerusalem.

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KJV Study Commentary

The disciples at Tyre, speaking 'through the Spirit,' warned Paul not to go to Jerusalem. This presents a tension between prophetic warning and apostolic calling - the Spirit revealed the danger ahead, but Paul understood his divine commission required him to press forward. This demonstrates that spiritual discernment sometimes involves weighing multiple Spirit-led impressions against God's overar...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(4) **And finding disciples, we tarried there seven days.**—The word for “finding” implies a previous search. They inquired, when they landed, amid the crowded streets of the still busy port, whether any Christians were to be found there. It will be remembered that St. Paul had passed through that region at least once before. (See Note on Acts 15:3.) The church had probably been planted by the lab...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**32-34. when they heard of the resurrection of the dead, some mocked--**As the Greek religion was but the glorification of the present life, by the worship of all its most beauteous forms, the Resurrection, which presupposes the vanity of the present life, and is nothing but life out of the death of all that sin has blighted, could have no charm for the true Greek. It gave the death blow to his f...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 21 Chapter Outline Christ appears to his disciples.(1-14) His discourse with Peter.(15-19) Christ's declaration concerning John.(20-24) The conclusion.(25) **Verses 1-14** Christ makes himself known to his people, usually in his ordinances; but sometimes by his Spirit he visits them when employed in their business. It is good for the disciples of Christ to be toge...
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And when we had accomplished those days, we departed and went our way; and they all brought us on our way, with wives and children, till we were out of the city: and we kneeled down on the shore, and prayed.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>They all brought us on our way</strong> (προπέμπω, propémpō)—The early church practice of escorting travelers demonstrated covenant loyalty and practical care. The inclusion of 'wives and children' in this farewell underscores the family nature of first-century Christianity. <strong>We kneeled down on the shore, and prayed</strong>—Public prayer at the water's edge recalls biblical precede...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(5) **We departed, and went our way.**—Literally, *and were going on our way, *the tense bringing before us something like a procession wending its way from the city to the shore. **We kneeled down on the shore, and prayed.**—The choice of the place was in itself natural enough. It was the spot where the two sets of friends were to part. It was removed from the stir and bustle of the city. We may ...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**32-34. when they heard of the resurrection of the dead, some mocked--**As the Greek religion was but the glorification of the present life, by the worship of all its most beauteous forms, the Resurrection, which presupposes the vanity of the present life, and is nothing but life out of the death of all that sin has blighted, could have no charm for the true Greek. It gave the death blow to his f...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 21 Chapter Outline Christ appears to his disciples.(1-14) His discourse with Peter.(15-19) Christ's declaration concerning John.(20-24) The conclusion.(25) **Verses 1-14** Christ makes himself known to his people, usually in his ordinances; but sometimes by his Spirit he visits them when employed in their business. It is good for the disciples of Christ to be toge...
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And when we had taken our leave one of another, we took ship; and they returned home again.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>When we had taken our leave</strong> (ἀσπάζομαι, aspázomai)—The Greek conveys affectionate farewell between believers who may never meet again on earth. The pattern of 'we took ship; and they returned home again' captures the bittersweet reality of Christian mission—some are called to go, others to stay and sustain home communities. Both callings serve God's kingdom purposes, neither super...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(6) **We took ship.**—Literally, *we embarked in the ship.* The article probably, though not necessarily, indicates that they went in the same ship that had brought them, and which, after discharging her cargo at Tyre, was now bound for Cæsarea.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**32-34. when they heard of the resurrection of the dead, some mocked--**As the Greek religion was but the glorification of the present life, by the worship of all its most beauteous forms, the Resurrection, which presupposes the vanity of the present life, and is nothing but life out of the death of all that sin has blighted, could have no charm for the true Greek. It gave the death blow to his f...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 6-11** They were earnest in asking about that which their Master never had directed or encouraged them to seek. Our Lord knew that his ascension and the teaching of the Holy Spirit would soon end these expectations, and therefore only gave them a rebuke; but it is a caution to his church in all ages, to take heed of a desire of forbidden knowledge. He had given his disciples instructi...
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And when we had finished our course from Tyre, we came to Ptolemais, and saluted the brethren, and abode with them one day.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>We had finished our course</strong> (διανύω, dianýō)—Paul's maritime journey continued with divine purpose directing each leg. The Greek suggests completing a measured stage, not random wandering. <strong>We came to Ptolemais</strong>—This brief stop at another ancient Phoenician city revealed the expanding network of Christian communities along the Mediterranean coast. <strong>Saluted the...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(7) **We came to Ptolemais.**—This city is memorable both for its antiquity and for the varied fortunes of its city. As Accho it appears in Judges 1:31 as one of the old cities of the Canaanites which the Israelites of the tribe of Asher failed to conquer. It was conquered, rebuilt, and re-named by Ptolemy Soter King of Egypt. The old name, however, ultimately revived, or perhaps was never entirel...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 6-11** They were earnest in asking about that which their Master never had directed or encouraged them to seek. Our Lord knew that his ascension and the teaching of the Holy Spirit would soon end these expectations, and therefore only gave them a rebuke; but it is a caution to his church in all ages, to take heed of a desire of forbidden knowledge. He had given his disciples instructi...
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And the next day we that were of Paul's company departed, and came unto Caesarea: and we entered into the house of Philip the evangelist, which was one of the seven; and abode with him.

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KJV Study Commentary

Philip the evangelist, last mentioned in Acts 8:40, now appears as an established minister in Caesarea. Called 'one of the seven,' this reference to the original deacons (Acts 6:5) shows how servant leadership leads to greater gospel ministry. Philip's household became a base for Paul's team, demonstrating the continuity and fellowship of the early church across decades.

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(8) **We that were of Paul’s company departed.**—Better, simply, *we departed.* The Greek which answers to the intervening five words is wanting in the best MSS., and seems a needless interpolation, there being no apparent reason for any change in the writer’s previous phraseology, or for his distinguishing “Paul’s company” from some other person or persons unknown. In some of the MSS. in which it...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

CHAPTER 18 Ac 18:1-22. Paul's Arrival and Labors at Corinth, Where He Is Rejoined by Silas and Timothy, and, under Divine Encouragement, Makes a Long Stay--At Length, Retracing His Steps, by Ephesus, Cæsarea, and Jerusalem, He Returns for the Last Time to Antioch, Thus Completing His Second Missionary Journey. **1-4. came to Corinth--**rebuilt by Julius Cæsar on the isthmus between the Ægean and ...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 8-18** Paul had express warning of his troubles, that when they came, they might be no surprise or terror to him. The general notice given us, that through much tribulation we must enter into the kingdom of God, should be of the same use to us. Their weeping began to weaken and slacken his resolution Has not our Master told us to take up our cross? It was a trouble to him, that they s...
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And the same man had four daughters, virgins, which did prophesy.

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KJV Study Commentary

The mention of Philip's 'four daughters which did prophesy' highlights the Spirit's distribution of gifts regardless of gender. The Greek 'propheteuō' indicates they regularly exercised prophetic gifting, though within the ordered structure Paul elsewhere describes. This demonstrates the early church's recognition of women's Spirit-empowered ministry within appropriate boundaries.

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(9) **The same man had four daughters, virgins, which did prophesy.**—Both elements of the description are full of interest as throwing light on the life of the Apostolic Church. (1) The four daughters were “virgins.” The word then, as afterwards, probably indicated, not merely the bare fact that they were as yet unmarried, but that they had devoted themselves, if not by irrevocable vows, yet by a...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

CHAPTER 18 Ac 18:1-22. Paul's Arrival and Labors at Corinth, Where He Is Rejoined by Silas and Timothy, and, under Divine Encouragement, Makes a Long Stay--At Length, Retracing His Steps, by Ephesus, Cæsarea, and Jerusalem, He Returns for the Last Time to Antioch, Thus Completing His Second Missionary Journey. **1-4. came to Corinth--**rebuilt by Julius Cæsar on the isthmus between the Ægean and ...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 8-18** Paul had express warning of his troubles, that when they came, they might be no surprise or terror to him. The general notice given us, that through much tribulation we must enter into the kingdom of God, should be of the same use to us. Their weeping began to weaken and slacken his resolution Has not our Master told us to take up our cross? It was a trouble to him, that they s...
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And as we tarried there many days, there came down from Judaea a certain prophet, named Agabus.

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KJV Study Commentary

Agabus, previously mentioned in Acts 11:28, appears again with prophetic warning. His arrival 'from Judaea' brought intelligence about the Jerusalem situation and impending danger. God's repeated warnings through multiple prophets demonstrated His loving concern for Paul, even while Paul's apostolic calling required him to proceed despite the risks.

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(10) **As we tarried there many days . . .**—The adjective is in the comparative degree, and implies, accordingly, a longer time than had been intended. Probably the voyage had been quicker than the travellers had expected, and there was therefore time to remain at Cæsarea, and yet to arrive at Jerusalem, as St. Paul purposed, in time for Pentecost (chap 20:16). There was, at any rate, time for th...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

CHAPTER 18 Ac 18:1-22. Paul's Arrival and Labors at Corinth, Where He Is Rejoined by Silas and Timothy, and, under Divine Encouragement, Makes a Long Stay--At Length, Retracing His Steps, by Ephesus, Cæsarea, and Jerusalem, He Returns for the Last Time to Antioch, Thus Completing His Second Missionary Journey. **1-4. came to Corinth--**rebuilt by Julius Cæsar on the isthmus between the Ægean and ...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 8-18** Paul had express warning of his troubles, that when they came, they might be no surprise or terror to him. The general notice given us, that through much tribulation we must enter into the kingdom of God, should be of the same use to us. Their weeping began to weaken and slacken his resolution Has not our Master told us to take up our cross? It was a trouble to him, that they s...
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And when he was come unto us, he took Paul's girdle, and bound his own hands and feet, and said, Thus saith the Holy Ghost, So shall the Jews at Jerusalem bind the man that owneth this girdle, and shall deliver him into the hands of the Gentiles.

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KJV Study Commentary

Agabus's prophetic sign-act, binding his own hands and feet with Paul's belt, echoed Old Testament prophetic symbolism (compare Jeremiah 13:1-11, Ezekiel 4). The detailed prophecy - 'the Jews at Jerusalem shall bind the man' - proved remarkably accurate, though the Romans actually performed the arrest. This demonstrates how prophetic revelation conveys essential truth while details may unfold diff...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(11) **He took Paul’s girdle, and bound his own hands and feet.**—The MSS. vary between “his hands” (St. Paul’s) and “his own;” but the latter is by far the best-supported reading. It is interesting to note the revival of the old prophetic manner of predicting by symbolic acts. So Isaiah had walked “naked and barefoot” (Isaiah 20:3-4); and Jeremiah had gone and left his girdle in a cave on the ban...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

CHAPTER 18 Ac 18:1-22. Paul's Arrival and Labors at Corinth, Where He Is Rejoined by Silas and Timothy, and, under Divine Encouragement, Makes a Long Stay--At Length, Retracing His Steps, by Ephesus, Cæsarea, and Jerusalem, He Returns for the Last Time to Antioch, Thus Completing His Second Missionary Journey. **1-4. came to Corinth--**rebuilt by Julius Cæsar on the isthmus between the Ægean and ...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 8-18** Paul had express warning of his troubles, that when they came, they might be no surprise or terror to him. The general notice given us, that through much tribulation we must enter into the kingdom of God, should be of the same use to us. Their weeping began to weaken and slacken his resolution Has not our Master told us to take up our cross? It was a trouble to him, that they s...
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And when we heard these things, both we, and they of that place, besought him not to go up to Jerusalem.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Both we, and they of that place, besought him</strong> (παρακαλέω, parakaléō)—The unified pleading from both Paul's traveling companions ('we') and Caesarean believers ('they of that place') revealed genuine love and concern. Yet this emotional appeal, though well-intentioned, opposed God's clear purpose for Paul's Jerusalem journey. The Greek 'besought' suggests urgent, repeated entreaty....
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(12) **Both we, and they of that place . . .**—For the first time the courage even of the Apostle’s companions began to fail, and St. Luke admits that he himself had joined in the entreaty. Could not they, who were less known, and therefore in less danger, go up without him, pay over the fund that had been collected among the Gentiles to St. James and the elders, and return to him at Cæsarea? “The...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**5-6. And when Silas and Timotheus were come from Macedonia--**that is, from Thessalonica, whither Silas had probably accompanied Timothy when sent back from Athens (see on Ac 17:15). **Paul was pressed in the spirit--**rather (according to what is certainly the true reading) "was pressed with the word"; expressing not only his zeal and assiduity in preaching it, but some inward pressure which ...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 8-18** Paul had express warning of his troubles, that when they came, they might be no surprise or terror to him. The general notice given us, that through much tribulation we must enter into the kingdom of God, should be of the same use to us. Their weeping began to weaken and slacken his resolution Has not our Master told us to take up our cross? It was a trouble to him, that they s...
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Then Paul answered, What mean ye to weep and to break mine heart? for I am ready not to be bound only, but also to die at Jerusalem for the name of the Lord Jesus.

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KJV Study Commentary

Paul's passionate response - 'What mean ye to weep and to break mine heart?' - reveals his deep love for fellow believers while maintaining resolute obedience to Christ. His willingness 'to die at Jerusalem for the name of the Lord Jesus' echoes Jesus's own determination to go to Jerusalem (Luke 9:51) and exemplifies the cruciform life Paul described in his letters (Galatians 2:20).

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(13) **What mean ye to weep and to break mine heart?**—Better, *What mean ye weeping and breaking* . . .? The intense sensitiveness of St. Paul’s nature shows itself in every syllable. It was with no Stoic hardness that he resisted their entreaties. They were positively crushing to him. He adhered to his purpose, but it was as with a broken heart. In spite of this, however, his martyr-like, Luther...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**5-6. And when Silas and Timotheus were come from Macedonia--**that is, from Thessalonica, whither Silas had probably accompanied Timothy when sent back from Athens (see on Ac 17:15). **Paul was pressed in the spirit--**rather (according to what is certainly the true reading) "was pressed with the word"; expressing not only his zeal and assiduity in preaching it, but some inward pressure which ...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 8-18** Paul had express warning of his troubles, that when they came, they might be no surprise or terror to him. The general notice given us, that through much tribulation we must enter into the kingdom of God, should be of the same use to us. Their weeping began to weaken and slacken his resolution Has not our Master told us to take up our cross? It was a trouble to him, that they s...
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And when he would not be persuaded, we ceased, saying, The will of the Lord be done.

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KJV Study Commentary

The disciples' submission - 'The will of the Lord be done' - echoes Jesus's Gethsemane prayer and demonstrates mature spiritual discernment. They ceased urging Paul to avoid Jerusalem, recognizing that God's sovereign will transcends human wisdom or safety concerns. This represents the church's corporate surrender to divine providence even when the path leads through suffering.

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(14) **The will of the Lord be done.**—It is, perhaps, too much to see in these words an acceptance of his purpose as being in accordance with the will of the Lord. They were the natural expressions of resignation to what was seen to be inevitable, possibly used as a quotation from the prayer which the Lord had taught the disciples, and which He had used Himself (Luke 22:42).

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**7-8. he departed thence, and entered into a certain man's house, named Justus--**not changing his lodging, as if Aquila and Priscilla up to this time were with the opponents of the apostle [Alford], but merely ceasing any more to testify in the synagogue, and henceforth carrying on his labors in this house of Justus, which "joining hard to the synagogue," would be easily accessible to such of it...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 8-18** Paul had express warning of his troubles, that when they came, they might be no surprise or terror to him. The general notice given us, that through much tribulation we must enter into the kingdom of God, should be of the same use to us. Their weeping began to weaken and slacken his resolution Has not our Master told us to take up our cross? It was a trouble to him, that they s...
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And after those days we took up our carriages, and went up to Jerusalem.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>We took up our carriages</strong> (ἀποσκευάζω, aposkeuázō)—The Greek refers to gathering baggage and making preparations for the journey, not modern vehicles. This practical detail shows the final preparations before the decisive journey to Jerusalem. The determination to proceed 'after those days' of intense pleading (v. 12-14) reveals Paul's settled conviction that God's will mattered mo...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(15) **After those days we took up our carriages . . .**—Better, *we took up our baggage.* The English word now used always of the vehicle that carries, was in common use at the time of the Authorised version, for the things carried—the luggage or *impedimenta* of a traveller. So, in 1Samuel 17:22, David leaves his *carriage* (or, as in the margin, *the vessels from upon him*) in the hand of the “...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**7-8. he departed thence, and entered into a certain man's house, named Justus--**not changing his lodging, as if Aquila and Priscilla up to this time were with the opponents of the apostle [Alford], but merely ceasing any more to testify in the synagogue, and henceforth carrying on his labors in this house of Justus, which "joining hard to the synagogue," would be easily accessible to such of it...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 8-18** Paul had express warning of his troubles, that when they came, they might be no surprise or terror to him. The general notice given us, that through much tribulation we must enter into the kingdom of God, should be of the same use to us. Their weeping began to weaken and slacken his resolution Has not our Master told us to take up our cross? It was a trouble to him, that they s...
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There went with us also certain of the disciples of Caesarea, and brought with them one Mnason of Cyprus, an old disciple, with whom we should lodge.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Certain of the disciples of Caesarea</strong> went with Paul, bringing him to <strong>Mnason of Cyprus, an old disciple</strong> (ἀρχαῖος μαθητής, archaîos mathētḗs)—The description 'old disciple' suggests Mnason was among the earliest converts, possibly from Pentecost or shortly after. His Cypriot origin links to Barnabas (also from Cyprus, Acts 4:36), suggesting the interconnected networ...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(16) **One Mnason of Cyprus, an old disciple, with whom we should lodge.**—Better, perhaps, *an early disciple.* The word for “old” refers less to personal age than to his having been a disciple from the beginning of the Church’s history. He may accordingly have been among those “men of Cyprus” who came to Antioch, and were among the first to preach the gospel to the Gentiles. (See Note on Acts 11...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**9-11. Then spake the Lord to Paul ... by a vision, Be not afraid ... no man shall set on thee to hurt thee, &amp;c.--**From this it would seem that these signal successes were stirring up the wrath of the unbelieving Jews, and probably the apostle feared being driven by violence, as before, from this scene of such promising labor. He is reassured, however, from above.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 8-18** Paul had express warning of his troubles, that when they came, they might be no surprise or terror to him. The general notice given us, that through much tribulation we must enter into the kingdom of God, should be of the same use to us. Their weeping began to weaken and slacken his resolution Has not our Master told us to take up our cross? It was a trouble to him, that they s...
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Paul Visits James

And when we were come to Jerusalem, the brethren received us gladly.

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KJV Study Commentary

The 'brethren' in Jerusalem received Paul 'gladly,' showing the church's unity despite ongoing tensions between Jewish and Gentile believers. This reception would prove crucial as Paul faced accusations from zealous Jewish Christians. The Greek 'asmenōs' (gladly) suggests enthusiastic welcome, demonstrating love that transcended theological disagreements about the law.

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(17) **The brethren received us gladly.**—This was, perhaps, an informal welcome, given in Mnason’s house, by those who came there to receive the expected guests.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**9-11. Then spake the Lord to Paul ... by a vision, Be not afraid ... no man shall set on thee to hurt thee, &amp;c.--**From this it would seem that these signal successes were stirring up the wrath of the unbelieving Jews, and probably the apostle feared being driven by violence, as before, from this scene of such promising labor. He is reassured, however, from above.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 8-18** Paul had express warning of his troubles, that when they came, they might be no surprise or terror to him. The general notice given us, that through much tribulation we must enter into the kingdom of God, should be of the same use to us. Their weeping began to weaken and slacken his resolution Has not our Master told us to take up our cross? It was a trouble to him, that they s...
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And the day following Paul went in with us unto James; and all the elders were present.

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KJV Study Commentary

Paul's formal visit to James and the elders represents apostolic accountability and church unity. His detailed report of 'what things God had wrought among the Gentiles by his ministry' emphasized divine initiative rather than personal achievement. The focus on God's work through Paul reflected proper humility and gave glory to the true source of missionary success.

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(18) **The day following Paul went in with us unto James . . .**—Looking to Acts 20:16, it seems natural to infer that this was on or near the Day of Pentecost. The city would be crowded with pilgrims. The Church would be holding its solemn festival, not without memories of the great gifts of the Spirit, and prayers for their renewal. The Bishop of Jerusalem—to give him the title which, though app...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**9-11. Then spake the Lord to Paul ... by a vision, Be not afraid ... no man shall set on thee to hurt thee, &amp;c.--**From this it would seem that these signal successes were stirring up the wrath of the unbelieving Jews, and probably the apostle feared being driven by violence, as before, from this scene of such promising labor. He is reassured, however, from above.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 8-18** Paul had express warning of his troubles, that when they came, they might be no surprise or terror to him. The general notice given us, that through much tribulation we must enter into the kingdom of God, should be of the same use to us. Their weeping began to weaken and slacken his resolution Has not our Master told us to take up our cross? It was a trouble to him, that they s...
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And when he had saluted them, he declared particularly what things God had wrought among the Gentiles by his ministry.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>He declared particularly</strong> (ἐξηγέομαι, exēgéomai)—Paul gave a detailed, systematic report, the same Greek word used of explaining Scripture. Crucially, he reported <strong>what things God had wrought among the Gentiles by his ministry</strong>—attributing all success to divine agency, not apostolic technique. The phrase 'by his ministry' (διὰ τῆς διακονίας αὐτοῦ, dià tēs diakonías a...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(19) **He declared particularly . . .**—Better, *one by one, *or, *in detail, *the adverb of the Authorised version having acquired in modern English a slightly different meaning. This must, it is obvious, have implied a narrative of considerable length, including an outline of all that had passed since the visit of Acts 18:22, and ending with an account of the contribution which he and his compan...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**12-17. when Gallio was the deputy--**"the proconsul." See on Ac 13:7. He was brother to the celebrated philosopher Seneca, the tutor of Nero, who passed sentence of death on both.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 19-26** Paul ascribed all his success to God, and to God they gave the praise. God had honoured him more than any of the apostles, yet they did not envy him; but on the contrary, glorified the Lord. They could not do more to encourage Paul to go on cheerfully in his work. James and the elders of the church at Jerusalem, asked Paul to gratify the believing Jews, by some compliance with...
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And when they heard it, they glorified the Lord, and said unto him, Thou seest, brother, how many thousands of Jews there are which believe; and they are all zealous of the law:

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KJV Study Commentary

The Jerusalem elders' report that 'many thousands' (Greek 'myriades,' literally 'myriads') of Jews believed demonstrated the gospel's powerful impact even in Judaism's heartland. However, these believers remained 'zealous of the law,' creating tension with Paul's law-free Gentile mission. This verse captures the transitional period as God's redemptive program moved from Israel-centered to church-c...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(20) **They glorified the Lord.**—The better MSS. give, “they glorified God.” The tense implies continued action, and although its meaning would be satisfied by assuming mere ejaculations of wonder and praise, it is, at least, not improbable that there was a more formal thanksgiving. **How many thousands of Jews there are which believe.**—Literally, *how many myriads*—*i.e.,* tens of thousands. Th...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**12-17. when Gallio was the deputy--**"the proconsul." See on Ac 13:7. He was brother to the celebrated philosopher Seneca, the tutor of Nero, who passed sentence of death on both.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 19-26** Paul ascribed all his success to God, and to God they gave the praise. God had honoured him more than any of the apostles, yet they did not envy him; but on the contrary, glorified the Lord. They could not do more to encourage Paul to go on cheerfully in his work. James and the elders of the church at Jerusalem, asked Paul to gratify the believing Jews, by some compliance with...
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And they are informed of thee, that thou teachest all the Jews which are among the Gentiles to forsake Moses, saying that they ought not to circumcise their children, neither to walk after the customs.

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KJV Study Commentary

The elders' concern about false reports - that Paul taught Jews 'to forsake Moses' - highlights how Paul's message was often misunderstood and misrepresented. Paul never taught Jews to abandon their cultural heritage, only that law-keeping couldn't save. This distinction between cultural practice and soteriological necessity remains crucial for gospel clarity.

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(21) **And they are informed of thee . . .**—This, it is clear, was the current version of St. Paul’s teaching. How far was it a true representation of its tendencies? As a personal accusation it was, of course, easy to refute it. His rule of adaptation led him to be to the Jews as a Jew (1Corinthians 9:20). He taught that every man, circumcised or uncircumcised, should accept his position with it...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**12-17. when Gallio was the deputy--**"the proconsul." See on Ac 13:7. He was brother to the celebrated philosopher Seneca, the tutor of Nero, who passed sentence of death on both.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 19-26** Paul ascribed all his success to God, and to God they gave the praise. God had honoured him more than any of the apostles, yet they did not envy him; but on the contrary, glorified the Lord. They could not do more to encourage Paul to go on cheerfully in his work. James and the elders of the church at Jerusalem, asked Paul to gratify the believing Jews, by some compliance with...
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What is it therefore? the multitude must needs come together: for they will hear that thou art come.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>What is it therefore?</strong>—This rhetorical question reflects the Jerusalem leaders' practical concern about managing the situation Paul's arrival created. <strong>The multitude must needs come together</strong> (πάντως ἀκούσεται, pántōs akoúsetai)—Literally 'they will certainly hear,' acknowledging the inevitability that Jewish Christians would learn of Paul's presence. The elders' con...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(22) **The multitude must needs come together.**—More accurately, *at all events a crowd must needs come together.* The report of St. Paul’s arrival was sure to spread, and those who heard of it would be eager to see how he acted. Would he ostentatiously reproduce in Jerusalem that living as a Greek with Greeks (1Corinthians 9:22) of which they heard as his manner at Corinth and Ephesus? The advic...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**12-17. when Gallio was the deputy--**"the proconsul." See on Ac 13:7. He was brother to the celebrated philosopher Seneca, the tutor of Nero, who passed sentence of death on both.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 19-26** Paul ascribed all his success to God, and to God they gave the praise. God had honoured him more than any of the apostles, yet they did not envy him; but on the contrary, glorified the Lord. They could not do more to encourage Paul to go on cheerfully in his work. James and the elders of the church at Jerusalem, asked Paul to gratify the believing Jews, by some compliance with...
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Do therefore this that we say to thee: We have four men which have a vow on them;

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KJV Study Commentary

The elders proposed a compromise: Paul should publicly sponsor four men's Nazirite vows, demonstrating his respect for Jewish customs. This represents Christian liberty applied wisely - Paul could participate in Jewish ceremonies (compare 1 Corinthians 9:20) without compromising gospel truth. The plan sought to preserve peace and witness while maintaining theological integrity.

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(23) **We have four men which have a vow on them.**—The advice was eminently characteristic. (1) It came from one who himself lived as bound by the Nazarite vow. “No razor came upon his head, and he drank neither wine nor strong drink” (Hegesippus in Euseb. *Hist.* ii. 23). By connecting himself with such a vow St. Paul would show that he was content in these matters to follow in the footsteps of ...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**12-17. when Gallio was the deputy--**"the proconsul." See on Ac 13:7. He was brother to the celebrated philosopher Seneca, the tutor of Nero, who passed sentence of death on both.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 19-26** Paul ascribed all his success to God, and to God they gave the praise. God had honoured him more than any of the apostles, yet they did not envy him; but on the contrary, glorified the Lord. They could not do more to encourage Paul to go on cheerfully in his work. James and the elders of the church at Jerusalem, asked Paul to gratify the believing Jews, by some compliance with...
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Them take, and purify thyself with them, and be at charges with them, that they may shave their heads: and all may know that those things, whereof they were informed concerning thee, are nothing; but that thou thyself also walkest orderly, and keepest the law.

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KJV Study Commentary

Paul's willing participation in the purification ritual demonstrated his principle of becoming 'all things to all men' (1 Corinthians 9:22). His public temple presence with these men would testify that he 'walkest orderly, and keepest the law' in matters of cultural practice. This showed Paul's consistency - liberty for Gentiles didn't mean contempt for Jewish heritage.

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(24) **Purify thyself with them . . .**—This involved sharing their abstinence for the uncompleted term of the vow, and shaving the head at its conclusion. **Be at charges with them . . .**—Literally, *spend money on them.* This involved payment (1) for the act of shaving the head, for which probably there was a fixed fee to priest or Levite; (2) for the sacrifices which each Nazarite had to offer...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**12-17. when Gallio was the deputy--**"the proconsul." See on Ac 13:7. He was brother to the celebrated philosopher Seneca, the tutor of Nero, who passed sentence of death on both.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 19-26** Paul ascribed all his success to God, and to God they gave the praise. God had honoured him more than any of the apostles, yet they did not envy him; but on the contrary, glorified the Lord. They could not do more to encourage Paul to go on cheerfully in his work. James and the elders of the church at Jerusalem, asked Paul to gratify the believing Jews, by some compliance with...
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As touching the Gentiles which believe, we have written and concluded that they observe no such thing, save only that they keep themselves from things offered to idols, and from blood, and from strangled, and from fornication.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>As touching the Gentiles which believe</strong>—The elders clarify that their proposed Jewish vow (v. 23-24) doesn't contradict the Jerusalem Council's decree (Acts 15:20, 29). The four prohibitions—<strong>things offered to idols... blood... strangled... fornication</strong>—addressed practices particularly offensive to Jewish sensibility, facilitating Jewish-Gentile fellowship without re...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(25) **As touching the Gentiles which believe.**—See Note on Acts 15:20. St. James, it will be seen, adheres still to the terms of the *concordat* sanctioned at the council of Jerusalem. He has no desire to withdraw any concession that was then made, and the Judaisers who in Galatia and elsewhere were, in his name, urging the necessity of circumcision, were acting without authority. He thinks it f...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**18. Paul ... tarried ... yet a good while--**During his long residence at Corinth, Paul planted other churches in Achaia (2Co 1:1). **then took ... leave of the brethren, and sailed ... into--**rather, "for" **Syria--**to Antioch, the starting-point of all the missions to the Gentiles, which he feels to be for the present concluded. **with him Priscilla and Aquila--**In this order the name...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 19-26** Paul ascribed all his success to God, and to God they gave the praise. God had honoured him more than any of the apostles, yet they did not envy him; but on the contrary, glorified the Lord. They could not do more to encourage Paul to go on cheerfully in his work. James and the elders of the church at Jerusalem, asked Paul to gratify the believing Jews, by some compliance with...
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Then Paul took the men, and the next day purifying himself with them entered into the temple, to signify the accomplishment of the days of purification, until that an offering should be offered for every one of them.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Paul took the men, and the next day purifying himself with them entered into the temple</strong>—Paul's voluntary participation in Jewish purification rites (καθαρισμός, <em>katharismos</em>) demonstrates his missionary flexibility: 'to the Jews I became as a Jew' (1 Corinthians 9:20). The seven-day Nazirite vow completion involved ritual purification and temple offerings (Numbers 6:13-20)...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(26) **To signify the accomplishment of the days of purification . . .**—The process lasted, as the next verse shows, for seven days, which were probably reckoned from the completion of the thirty days, or other term, of the vow itself. St. Paul, having made himself the representative of the Nazarite company, had to give, in their name, the formal notice to the priests, who were to be ready for th...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**19. he came to Ephesus--**the capital of the Roman province of Asia. (See Introduction to Ephesians). It was a sail, right across from the west to the east side of the Ægean Sea, of some eight or ten days, with a fair wind. **left them there--**Aquila and Priscilla. **but he himself entered into the synagogue--**merely taking advantage of the vessel putting in there. **and reasoned with th...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 19-26** Paul ascribed all his success to God, and to God they gave the praise. God had honoured him more than any of the apostles, yet they did not envy him; but on the contrary, glorified the Lord. They could not do more to encourage Paul to go on cheerfully in his work. James and the elders of the church at Jerusalem, asked Paul to gratify the believing Jews, by some compliance with...
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Paul Arrested in the Temple

And when the seven days were almost ended, the Jews which were of Asia, when they saw him in the temple, stirred up all the people, and laid hands on him,

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KJV Study Commentary

The 'Jews which were of Asia' recognized Paul in the temple and stirred up opposition, demonstrating how his Ephesian ministry (Acts 19) had created lasting enemies. Their accusations would prove false but inflammatory, showing how effective ministry often generates intense opposition. God's sovereignty allowed this arrest to fulfill His purpose of bringing Paul to Rome.

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(27) **When the seven days were almost ended.**—Literally, *were on the point to be completed.* St. Luke speaks of *“the* seven days” as a definite or known period. They cannot refer, as some have thought, either to the duration of the vow, which was never less than thirty days, or to that of the Feast of Pentecost, which at this time was never extended beyond one, and must therefore be understood...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**20. when they desired him to tarry--**The Jews seldom rose against the Gospel till the successful preaching of it stirred them up, and there was no time for that here.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 27-40** In the temple, where Paul should have been protected as in a place of safety, he was violently set upon. They falsely charged him with ill doctrine and ill practice against the Mosaic ceremonies. It is no new thing for those who mean honestly and act regularly, to have things laid to their charge which they know not and never thought of. It is common for the wise and good to h...
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Crying out, Men of Israel, help: This is the man, that teacheth all men every where against the people, and the law, and this place: and further brought Greeks also into the temple, and hath polluted this holy place.

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KJV Study Commentary

The three accusations - teaching against 'the people, the law, and this place' (temple), plus bringing Greeks into the temple - represented the most inflammatory charges possible. Though false, they were calculated to incite mob violence. This parallels accusations against Jesus (Matthew 26:61) and Stephen (Acts 6:13), showing that faithful witnesses often face similar opposition to their Lord.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**21. I must ... keep this feast--**probably Pentecost, presenting a noble opportunity of preaching the Gospel. **but I will return--**the fulfilment of which promise is recorded in Ac 19:1.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 27-40** In the temple, where Paul should have been protected as in a place of safety, he was violently set upon. They falsely charged him with ill doctrine and ill practice against the Mosaic ceremonies. It is no new thing for those who mean honestly and act regularly, to have things laid to their charge which they know not and never thought of. It is common for the wise and good to h...
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(For they had seen before with him in the city Trophimus an Ephesian, whom they supposed that Paul had brought into the temple.)

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KJV Study Commentary

The accusation about Trophimus, an Ephesian Gentile, proved baseless - they had 'supposed' Paul brought him into the temple based on seeing them together in the city. This demonstrates how assumptions and prejudice fuel false accusations. The tragedy was that violence erupted based on supposition rather than evidence, yet God used even this injustice to advance His purposes.

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(29) **Trophimus an Ephesian.**—See Note on Acts 20:4. His face was naturally familiar to those who had come from the same city. They had seen the two together in the streets, possibly near the entrance of the Temple, and, hatred adding wings to imagination, had taken for granted that St. Paul had brought his companion within the sacred enclosure.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**22. And when he had landed at Cæsarea--**where he left the vessel. **and gone up--**that is, to Jerusalem. **and saluted the church--**In these few words does the historian despatch the apostle's FOURTH VISIT TO Jerusalem after his conversion. The expression "going up" is invariably used of a journey to the metropolis; and thence he naturally "went down to Antioch." Perhaps the vessel reache...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 27-40** In the temple, where Paul should have been protected as in a place of safety, he was violently set upon. They falsely charged him with ill doctrine and ill practice against the Mosaic ceremonies. It is no new thing for those who mean honestly and act regularly, to have things laid to their charge which they know not and never thought of. It is common for the wise and good to h...
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And all the city was moved, and the people ran together : and they took Paul, and drew him out of the temple: and forthwith the doors were shut.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>All the city was moved</strong> (ἐκινήθη ἡ πόλις, <em>ekinethe he polis</em>)—The verb 'moved' suggests violent agitation, like an earthquake shaking a city. The mob's fury stemmed from false accusations that Paul brought Gentiles into the temple's inner courts (v. 28-29), a capital offense punishable by death even for Roman citizens. <strong>They took Paul, and drew him out of the temple<...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(30) **The people ran together.**—Better, perhaps, *there was a rush of the people.* St. Luke brings into something like a mental juxtaposition the pictures of the tumult at Ephesus and that at Jerusalem. The Jews of Asia, among whom we may perhaps think of Alexander the coppersmith, working then as afterwards “much evil” against the Apostle Paul (2Timothy 4:14), may have taken part in both. **For...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**23. And after he had spent some time there--**but probably not long. **he departed--**little thinking, probably, he was never more to return to Antioch. **went over all ... Galatia and Phrygia in order--**visiting the several churches in succession. See on Ac 16:6. Galatia is mentioned first here, as he would come to it first from Antioch. It was on this visitation that he ordained the weekl...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 27-40** In the temple, where Paul should have been protected as in a place of safety, he was violently set upon. They falsely charged him with ill doctrine and ill practice against the Mosaic ceremonies. It is no new thing for those who mean honestly and act regularly, to have things laid to their charge which they know not and never thought of. It is common for the wise and good to h...
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And as they went about to kill him, tidings came unto the chief captain of the band, that all Jerusalem was in an uproar.

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KJV Study Commentary

The Greek 'zetountōn' (were about) indicates the mob intended to kill Paul, showing the rage religious jealousy can produce. The Roman garrison's intervention prevented Paul's death, demonstrating God's providential protection through unlikely means. The 'chief captain' (chiliarch, commanding 1000 soldiers) represented Roman authority that would preserve Paul's life and enable his testimony.

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(31) **The chief** **captain of the band.**—On the word “band,” and its relation to the Latin “cohort,” see Notes on Acts 10:1; Matthew 27:27. On the word for “chief captain” (literally, *chiliarch, *or “captain of a thousand men,” the cohort being the sixth part of the legion, which consisted of 6, 000), see Note on Matthew 8:29. They were stationed in the tower known as Antonia, built by Herod t...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**24-25. a ... Jew named Apollos--**a contraction from Apollonius. **born at Alexandria--**the celebrated city of Egypt on the southeastern shore of the Mediterranean, called after its founder, Alexander the Great. Nowhere was there such a fusion of Greek, Jewish, and Oriental peculiarities, and an intelligent Jew educated in that city could hardly fail to manifest all these elements in his ment...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 27-40** In the temple, where Paul should have been protected as in a place of safety, he was violently set upon. They falsely charged him with ill doctrine and ill practice against the Mosaic ceremonies. It is no new thing for those who mean honestly and act regularly, to have things laid to their charge which they know not and never thought of. It is common for the wise and good to h...
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Who immediately took soldiers and centurions, and ran down unto them: and when they saw the chief captain and the soldiers, they left beating of Paul.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Who immediately took soldiers and centurions</strong>—The Roman tribune (χιλίαρχος, <em>chiliarchos</em>, commander of 1,000) Claudius Lysias (23:26) responded swiftly to prevent insurrection. Taking multiple centurions indicates he mobilized significant force—at least 200 soldiers, as each centurion commanded 100 men. Roman military discipline meant instant response to civil unrest.<br><b...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**24-25. a ... Jew named Apollos--**a contraction from Apollonius. **born at Alexandria--**the celebrated city of Egypt on the southeastern shore of the Mediterranean, called after its founder, Alexander the Great. Nowhere was there such a fusion of Greek, Jewish, and Oriental peculiarities, and an intelligent Jew educated in that city could hardly fail to manifest all these elements in his ment...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 27-40** In the temple, where Paul should have been protected as in a place of safety, he was violently set upon. They falsely charged him with ill doctrine and ill practice against the Mosaic ceremonies. It is no new thing for those who mean honestly and act regularly, to have things laid to their charge which they know not and never thought of. It is common for the wise and good to h...
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Then the chief captain came near, and took him, and commanded him to be bound with two chains; and demanded who he was , and what he had done.

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KJV Study Commentary

The chief captain's immediate action - binding Paul with 'two chains' - fulfilled Agabus's prophecy (Acts 21:11) precisely. His inquiry 'who he was, and what he had done' shows the Romans' concern for order over justice. The Jews' confused responses revealed their accusations were emotional rather than factual, demonstrating how religious rage often lacks substantive foundation.

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(33) **Commanded him to be bound with two chains.**—Looking to the usual Roman practices in the treatment of prisoners, we may think of each chain as fastened at one end to the Apostle’s arm, and at the other to those of the soldiers who kept guard over him. (See Notes on Acts 12:6; Acts 28:16.) So shackled, he was taken before the Chiliarch Lysias for a preliminary inquiry.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**26. speak boldly in the synagogue, whom when Aquila and Priscilla heard--**joying to observe the extent of Scripture knowledge and evangelical truth which he displayed, and the fervency, courage, and eloquence with which he preached the truth. **they took him unto them--**privately. **and expounded unto him the way of God more perfectly--**opening up those truths, to him as yet unknown, on w...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 27-40** In the temple, where Paul should have been protected as in a place of safety, he was violently set upon. They falsely charged him with ill doctrine and ill practice against the Mosaic ceremonies. It is no new thing for those who mean honestly and act regularly, to have things laid to their charge which they know not and never thought of. It is common for the wise and good to h...
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And some cried one thing, some another, among the multitude: and when he could not know the certainty for the tumult, he commanded him to be carried into the castle.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Some cried one thing, some another, among the multitude</strong>—The confused mob shouted contradictory accusations, revealing their riot was fueled by passion rather than reasoned justice. This chaotic scene recalls Pilate's trial of Jesus, where crowds manipulated by leaders demanded crucifixion without clear charges. <strong>When he could not know the certainty for the tumult</strong> (...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(34) **Some cried one thing, some another.**—We note the parallelism with the like confused clamour at Ephesus (Acts 19:32), which is described in exactly the same terms. **He commanded him to be carried into the** **castle.**—The Greek, which literally means *encampment, *is translated “armies” in Hebrews 11:34. By a transition which reminds us of the connection between the words *castrum* and *c...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**27-28. And when he was disposed--**"minded," "resolved." **to pass into Achaia--**of which Corinth, on the opposite coast (see on Ac 18:1), was the capital; there to proclaim that Gospel which he now more fully comprehended. **the brethren--**We had not before heard of such gathered at Ephesus. But the desire of the Jews to whom Paul preached to retain him among them for some time (Ac 18:20)...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 27-40** In the temple, where Paul should have been protected as in a place of safety, he was violently set upon. They falsely charged him with ill doctrine and ill practice against the Mosaic ceremonies. It is no new thing for those who mean honestly and act regularly, to have things laid to their charge which they know not and never thought of. It is common for the wise and good to h...
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And when he came upon the stairs, so it was, that he was borne of the soldiers for the violence of the people.

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KJV Study Commentary

The mob's violence was so intense that soldiers had to carry Paul up the stairs to the fortress, protecting him from being torn apart. The Greek 'bastazō' (carried) suggests he was lifted bodily by soldiers forming a protective shield. This dramatic scene demonstrated both the depth of religious hatred and God's preservation through Roman military intervention.

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(35) **When he came upon the stairs . . .**—This was one of the flights leading, as has been said, from the tower to the Temple area. Here the violence of the crowd became greater as they were more pressed in, and the soldiers had literally to lift him from his legs and carry him in, while the troops lined the staircase on either side.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**27-28. And when he was disposed--**"minded," "resolved." **to pass into Achaia--**of which Corinth, on the opposite coast (see on Ac 18:1), was the capital; there to proclaim that Gospel which he now more fully comprehended. **the brethren--**We had not before heard of such gathered at Ephesus. But the desire of the Jews to whom Paul preached to retain him among them for some time (Ac 18:20)...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 27-40** In the temple, where Paul should have been protected as in a place of safety, he was violently set upon. They falsely charged him with ill doctrine and ill practice against the Mosaic ceremonies. It is no new thing for those who mean honestly and act regularly, to have things laid to their charge which they know not and never thought of. It is common for the wise and good to h...
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For the multitude of the people followed after, crying, Away with him.

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KJV Study Commentary

The cry 'Away with him' (Greek 'Aire auton') echoed the mob's demand for Jesus's crucifixion (Luke 23:18, John 19:15), showing Paul's identification with his Savior's sufferings. The violent mob mentality that condemned the sinless Son of God now sought the life of His faithful apostle, demonstrating the continuity of opposition to God's truth across generations.

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(36) **Away with him.**—We remember that the self-same cry had been raised at the time of the Crucifixion (Luke 23:18; John 19:15), and that it was used now with the same meaning with which it had been used then.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 27-40** In the temple, where Paul should have been protected as in a place of safety, he was violently set upon. They falsely charged him with ill doctrine and ill practice against the Mosaic ceremonies. It is no new thing for those who mean honestly and act regularly, to have things laid to their charge which they know not and never thought of. It is common for the wise and good to h...
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And as Paul was to be led into the castle, he said unto the chief captain, May I speak unto thee? Who said, Canst thou speak Greek?

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KJV Study Commentary

Paul's question in Greek - 'May I speak unto thee?' - surprised the Roman commander who assumed he was dealing with an uneducated troublemaker. Paul's cultured Greek immediately changed the commander's perception, opening an opportunity for witness. This demonstrates how God-given education and cultural literacy can create opportunities for gospel advance.

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(37) **Canst thou speak Greek?**—The chiliarch apparently expected his prisoner to have spoken Hebrew, *i.e., *Aramaic, and was surprised to hear Greek; the people expected Greek, and were surprised at Hebrew (Acts 22:2). Nothing could better illustrate the familiarity of the population of Jerusalem with both languages.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

CHAPTER 19 Ac 19:1-41. Signal Success of Paul at Ephesus. **1-3. while Apollos was at Corinth--**where his ministry was so powerful that a formidable party in the Church of that city gloried in his type of preaching in preference to Paul's (1Co 1:12; 3:4), no doubt from the marked infusion of Greek philosophic culture which distinguished it, and which the apostle studiously avoided (1Co 2:1-5). ...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 27-40** In the temple, where Paul should have been protected as in a place of safety, he was violently set upon. They falsely charged him with ill doctrine and ill practice against the Mosaic ceremonies. It is no new thing for those who mean honestly and act regularly, to have things laid to their charge which they know not and never thought of. It is common for the wise and good to h...
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Art not thou that Egyptian, which before these days madest an uproar, and leddest out into the wilderness four thousand men that were murderers?

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Art not thou that Egyptian, which before these days madest an uproar</strong>—The tribune confused Paul with a notorious insurgent who, according to Josephus, led 4,000 <em>sicarii</em> (dagger-men, Jewish assassins) to the Mount of Olives, claiming Jerusalem's walls would fall at his command. The Romans crushed this rebellion, but the Egyptian escaped. The tribune assumed Paul was this wa...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(38) **Art not thou that Egyptian?**—The Greek has an illative particle which is wanting in the English: *Art not thou then that Egyptian?* This was the inference drawn by the chief captain from the fact that his prisoner spoke in Greek. The Egyptian was a false prophet, who a short time before this, under the procuratorship of Felix, had led 30, 000 men (?) to the Mount of Olives, promising them ...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

CHAPTER 19 Ac 19:1-41. Signal Success of Paul at Ephesus. **1-3. while Apollos was at Corinth--**where his ministry was so powerful that a formidable party in the Church of that city gloried in his type of preaching in preference to Paul's (1Co 1:12; 3:4), no doubt from the marked infusion of Greek philosophic culture which distinguished it, and which the apostle studiously avoided (1Co 2:1-5). ...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 27-40** In the temple, where Paul should have been protected as in a place of safety, he was violently set upon. They falsely charged him with ill doctrine and ill practice against the Mosaic ceremonies. It is no new thing for those who mean honestly and act regularly, to have things laid to their charge which they know not and never thought of. It is common for the wise and good to h...
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But Paul said, I am a man which am a Jew of Tarsus, a city in Cilicia, a citizen of no mean city: and, I beseech thee, suffer me to speak unto the people.

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KJV Study Commentary

Paul's self-identification - 'a Jew of Tarsus... a citizen of no mean city' - established his credibility without boasting. Tarsus's reputation for learning and commerce gave Paul standing, while his Jewish identity connected him to those he sought to address. His request to speak showed courage and wisdom in seizing an opportunity for witness despite having just faced a murderous mob.

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(39) **A citizen of no mean city.**—The boast was quite a legitimate one. In addition to all its fame for culture, the town of Tarsus bore on its coins the word METROPOLIS-AUTONOMOS (Independent).

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

CHAPTER 19 Ac 19:1-41. Signal Success of Paul at Ephesus. **1-3. while Apollos was at Corinth--**where his ministry was so powerful that a formidable party in the Church of that city gloried in his type of preaching in preference to Paul's (1Co 1:12; 3:4), no doubt from the marked infusion of Greek philosophic culture which distinguished it, and which the apostle studiously avoided (1Co 2:1-5). ...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 27-40** In the temple, where Paul should have been protected as in a place of safety, he was violently set upon. They falsely charged him with ill doctrine and ill practice against the Mosaic ceremonies. It is no new thing for those who mean honestly and act regularly, to have things laid to their charge which they know not and never thought of. It is common for the wise and good to h...
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And when he had given him licence, Paul stood on the stairs, and beckoned with the hand unto the people. And when there was made a great silence, he spake unto them in the Hebrew tongue, saying,

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KJV Study Commentary

Paul's gesture for silence and choice to speak 'in the Hebrew tongue' demonstrated cultural sensitivity and rhetorical skill. Speaking Hebrew (likely Aramaic, the common Jewish language) created immediate connection with his audience and showed he was no apostate. The resulting 'great silence' gave Paul opportunity to present his testimony, showing how God opens doors even in hostile circumstances...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(40) **Paul stood on the stairs.**—The position was one which raised him above the people, and the characteristic gesture commanded instant attention. And he spoke, not as they expected in the Greek, which belonged to one who fraternised with Gentiles, but in the Hebrew or Aramaic, which he had studied at the feet of Gamaliel. It was a strange scene for that Feast of Pentecost. The face and form o...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**4. Then said Paul, John ... baptized with the baptism of repentance--**water unto repentance. **saying unto the people, that they should believe on him which should come after him--**that is, who should baptize with the Holy Ghost. The point of contrast is not between John and Christ personally, but between the water baptism of John unto repentance, and the promised baptism of the Spirit from ...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 27-40** In the temple, where Paul should have been protected as in a place of safety, he was violently set upon. They falsely charged him with ill doctrine and ill practice against the Mosaic ceremonies. It is no new thing for those who mean honestly and act regularly, to have things laid to their charge which they know not and never thought of. It is common for the wise and good to h...
Read full commentary →

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