About Ezekiel

Ezekiel proclaimed God's judgment from Babylon, using dramatic visions and symbolic acts, while promising future restoration.

Author: EzekielWritten: c. 593-571 BCReading time: ~6 minVerses: 49
Glory of GodJudgmentRestorationNew HeartSovereigntyTemple

King James Version

Ezekiel 20

49 verses with commentary

Israel's History of Rebellion

And it came to pass in the seventh year, in the fifth month, the tenth day of the month, that certain of the elders of Israel came to enquire of the LORD, and sat before me.

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KJV Study Commentary

'And it came to pass in the seventh year, in the fifth month, the tenth day of the month, that certain of the elders of Israel came to enquire of the LORD, and sat before me.' Precise dating (August 591 BC) marks this as a significant prophetic moment. Elders come to 'enquire of the LORD' (darash YHWH) through Ezekiel, seeking divine guidance. Their sitting before the prophet indicates formal cons...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(1) **Came to enquire.**—It does not appear that the elders actually proposed their enquiry. It doubtless had relation not to personal affairs, but to the welfare of the nation, and in this prophecy the Lord meets their unspoken question.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**5. Baldness ... cut thyself--**Palestine is represented as a female who has torn off her hair and cut her flesh, the heathenish (Le 19:28) token of mourning (Jr 48:37). **their valley--**the long strip of low plain occupied by the Philistines along the Mediterranean, west of the mountains of Judea. The Septuagint reads Anakim, the remains of whom were settled in those regions (Nu 13:28). Joshu...
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Then came the word of the LORD unto me, saying,

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KJV Study Commentary

'Then came the word of the LORD unto me, saying.' This formula introduces God's response. Rather than answering the elders' question, God will deliver a comprehensive indictment of Israel's historical rebellion. The response isn't what they expected or wanted—not reassurance but confrontation with persistent pattern of unfaithfulness.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

6. Jeremiah, in the person of the Philistines afflicting themselves (Jr 47:5), apostrophizes the "sword of the Lord," entreating mercy (compare De 32:41; Eze 21:3-5, 9, 10). **up thyself--**Hebrew, "Gather thyself," that is, retire or return.

Son of man, speak unto the elders of Israel, and say unto them, Thus saith the Lord GOD; Are ye come to enquire of me? As I live, saith the Lord GOD, I will not be enquired of by you.

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KJV Study Commentary

'Son of man, speak unto the elders of Israel, and say unto them, Thus saith the Lord GOD; Are ye come to enquire of me? As I live, saith the Lord GOD, I will not be enquired of by you.' God's shocking refusal to answer. The oath formula 'As I live' emphasizes certainty. 'I will not be enquired of by you' rejects their consultation. The reason becomes clear in subsequent verses: persistent idolatry...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(3) **I will not be enquired of by you.**—As in Ezekiel 14:3. St. Jerome thus comments on the words:—“ To the holy, and to those who ask for right things, the promise is given, ‘While they are yet speaking, I will say, Here I am;’ but to sinners, such as these elders of Israel were, and as those whose sins the prophet proceeds to describe, no answer is given, but only a fierce rebuke for their sin...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

7. Jeremiah, from addressing the sword in the second person, turns to his hearers and speaks of it in the third person. **Lord ... given it a charge--**(Eze 14:17). **the sea-shore--**the strip of land between the mountains and Mediterranean, held by the Philistines: "their valley" (see on Jr 47:5). **there hath he appointed it--**(Mi 6:9). There hath He ordered it to rage.

Wilt thou judge them, son of man, wilt thou judge them? cause them to know the abominations of their fathers: Wilt: or, Wilt thou plead for them

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KJV Study Commentary

'Wilt thou judge them, son of man, wilt thou judge them? cause them to know the abominations of their fathers.' God commands Ezekiel to 'judge' (shaphat)—not merely announce judgment but present evidence, prosecute the case. 'Cause them to know the abominations of their fathers' means recounting Israel's historical rebellion. Understanding their history of unfaithfulness explains current judgment ...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(4) **Wilt thou judge them?**—The form of the repeated question is equivalent to an imperative—judge them. Instead of allowing their enquiry and entreaty for the averting of judgment, the prophet is directed to set before them their long series of apostasies and provocations. “Judge” is used in the sense of “bring to trial,” “prefer charges.”

And say unto them, Thus saith the Lord GOD; In the day when I chose Israel, and lifted up mine hand unto the seed of the house of Jacob, and made myself known unto them in the land of Egypt, when I lifted up mine hand unto them, saying, I am the LORD your God; lifted: or, sware

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KJV Study Commentary

'And say unto them, Thus saith the Lord GOD; In the day when I chose Israel, and lifted up mine hand unto the seed of the house of Jacob, and made myself known unto them in the land of Egypt, when I lifted up mine hand unto them, saying, I am the LORD your God.' This begins the historical review. God 'chose' (bachar) Israel—divine election, not human merit. 'Lifted up mine hand' signifies oath-tak...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(5) **When I chose Israel.**—In Ezekiel 20:5-9 the Lord takes up the first, or Egyptian period of the history* of Israel. The record of that period, as it has come to us in the Pentateuch, does not contain either any commands against idolatry, or any notice of the rebellion of the people against such command; but both are clearly implied. The very mission of Moses to deliver them rested upon a cov...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

CHAPTER 48 Jr 48:1-47. Prophecy against Moab. It had taken part with the Chaldeans against Judea (2Ki 24:2). Fulfilled by Nebuchadnezzar five years after the destruction of Jerusalem, when also he attacked Egypt (Jr 43:8-13) and Ammon (Jr 49:1-6). [Josephus, Antiquities, 10:9,7]. Jeremiah in this prophecy uses that of Is 15:1-16:14, amplifying and adapting it to his purpose under inspiration, at...
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In the day that I lifted up mine hand unto them, to bring them forth of the land of Egypt into a land that I had espied for them, flowing with milk and honey, which is the glory of all lands:

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KJV Study Commentary

'In the day that I lifted up mine hand unto them, to bring them forth of the land of Egypt into a land that I had espied for them, flowing with milk and honey, which is the glory of all lands.' God's promise: deliverance from Egypt to the promised land. 'Land that I had espied' (tur) means 'scouted' or 'selected'—God's sovereign choice. 'Flowing with milk and honey' describes agricultural abundanc...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(6) **The glory of all lands.**—So Palestine is constantly spoken of, both in the promise and in its fulfilment. (Comp. Daniel 11:16.) However strange this may seem to us now in regard to parts of the land, after centuries of desolation, misrule, and oppression, it is plain from Joshua 23:14, and many other passages, that at the time the Israelites entered upon its possession it fulfilled their ut...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**2. no more praise--**(Is 16:14). **in Heshbon--**The foe having taken Heshbon, the chief city of Moab (Jr 48:45), in it devise evil against Moab ("it") saying, Come, &c. Heshbon was midway between the rivers Arnon and Jabbok; it was the residence of Sihon, king of the Amorites, and afterwards a Levitical city in Gad (Nu 21:26). There is a play on words in the Hebrew, "Heshbon, Hashbu." Hes...
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Then said I unto them, Cast ye away every man the abominations of his eyes, and defile not yourselves with the idols of Egypt: I am the LORD your God.

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KJV Study Commentary

'Then said I unto them, Cast ye away every man the abominations of his eyes, and defile not yourselves with the idols of Egypt: I am the LORD your God.' God's command in Egypt: abandon Egyptian idolatry. 'Abominations of his eyes' refers to idols they viewed/desired. 'Defile not yourselves with the idols of Egypt' requires clean break from Egyptian religion. The covenant formula 'I am the LORD you...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**3. Horonaim--**the same as the city Avara, mentioned by Ptolemy. The word means "double caves" (Ne 2:10; Is 15:5).

But they rebelled against me, and would not hearken unto me: they did not every man cast away the abominations of their eyes, neither did they forsake the idols of Egypt: then I said, I will pour out my fury upon them, to accomplish my anger against them in the midst of the land of Egypt.

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KJV Study Commentary

"But they rebelled against me, and would not hearken unto me: they did not every man cast away the abominations of their eyes, neither did they forsake the idols of Egypt." Even after the Exodus, Israel clung to Egyptian idolatry. This reveals the depth of human corruption: miraculous deliverance doesn't automatically produce grateful obedience. The "abominations of their eyes" suggests idolatrous...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(8) **The land of Egypt.**—Of this idolatrous rebellion, and of this threat of the Divine anger while they were still in Egypt, as already said, we have no specific record. But they had the same disposition then as they had afterwards; and, even without such a charge, we could infer the probability of their idolatry. It is possible that the prophet may have had in mind such incidents as are relate...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**4. little ones ... cry--**heightening the distress of the scene. The foe does not spare even infants.

But I wrought for my name's sake, that it should not be polluted before the heathen, among whom they were, in whose sight I made myself known unto them, in bringing them forth out of the land of Egypt.

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KJV Study Commentary

'But I wrought for my name's sake, that it should not be polluted before the heathen, among whom they were, in whose sight I made myself known unto them, in bringing them forth out of the land of Egypt.' Despite Israel's rebellion (verse 8), God delivered them 'for my name's sake.' God's reputation among nations was at stake. Having publicly revealed Himself, failure to deliver would suggest weakn...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(9) **For my name’s sake.**—This is the express ground of Moses’ pleading for the people in the passage just referred to, and again in Exodus 32:12; Deuteronomy 9:28; and it is repeatedly given, as in Deuteronomy 32:27-28, as the ground on which the Lord spared His rebellious people. Had they been treated according to their deserts, and destroyed for their sins, the heathen would have said that Go...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**5. going up of Luhith ... going down of Horonaim--**Horonaim lay in a plain, Luhith on a height. To the latter, therefore, the Moabites would flee with "continual weeping," as a place of safety from the Chaldeans. Literally, "Weeping shall go up upon weeping."

Wherefore I caused them to go forth out of the land of Egypt, and brought them into the wilderness.

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KJV Study Commentary

'Wherefore I caused them to go forth out of the land of Egypt, and brought them into the wilderness.' The exodus: from Egyptian bondage to wilderness testing. The wilderness served multiple purposes: separation from Egypt, dependence on God's provision, preparation for covenant-making, and testing/refining (Deuteronomy 8:2-5). The geography reflects spiritual journey from slavery to freedom throug...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(10) **Brought them into the wilderness.**—Here begins the second period of the history under review—viz., the earlier part of the life in the wilderness (Ezekiel 20:10-17). It includes the exodus, the giving of the law, the setting up of the tabernacle, the establishment of the priesthood, and the march to Kadesh. By all this the nation was constituted most distinctly the people of God, and broug...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

6. They exhort one another to flee. **heath--**or the juniper (see on Jr 17:6). Maurer translates, "Be like one naked in the wilderness." But the sense is, Live in the wilderness like the heath, or juniper; do not "trust in" walls (Jr 48:7) [Grotius]. (Compare Mt 24:16-18).

And I gave them my statutes, and shewed them my judgments, which if a man do, he shall even live in them. shewed: Heb. made them to know

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KJV Study Commentary

'And I gave them my statutes, and shewed them my judgments, which if a man do, he shall even live in them.' At Sinai, God gave Torah—statutes (chuqqim) and judgments (mishpatim). The promise: 'if a man do, he shall...live in them.' This principle (also Leviticus 18:5, quoted by Paul in Romans 10:5, Galatians 3:12) establishes the law's standard. Perfect obedience would bring life; disobedience bri...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(11) **He shall even live in them.**—Comp. Deuteronomy 30:15-20. It becomes plain, on a careful perusal of this passage, that what was required was not a mere outward, technical, and perfunctory keeping of certain definite precepts, but a living and loving obedience to God’s will from the heart. The same fundamental principle of life underlies the Old Testament as the New; yet the former is justly...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**7. thy works--**namely, fortifications built by thy work. Moab was famous for its fortresses (Jr 48:18). The antithesis is to Jr 48:6, "Be ... in the wilderness," where there are no fortified cities. **thou ... also--**like the rest of the surrounding peoples, Judah, &c. **Chemosh--**the tutelary god of Moab (Nu 21:29; Jud 11:24; 1Ki 11:7; 2Ki 23:13). When a people were vanquished, their...
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Moreover also I gave them my sabbaths, to be a sign between me and them, that they might know that I am the LORD that sanctify them.

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KJV Study Commentary

'Moreover also I gave them my sabbaths, to be a sign between me and them, that they might know that I am the LORD that sanctify them.' The Sabbath as covenant sign, marking Israel as God's sanctified people. 'Sign between me and them' distinguishes Israel from nations. 'That they might know that I am the LORD that sanctify them' emphasizes divine action—God sanctifies, making them holy. Sabbath ob...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(12) **I gave them my sabbaths.**—“Not because it is of Moses, but of the fathers” (John 7:22). The Sabbath, like circumcision, was an institution far older than the period here spoken of, but was now commanded anew, and made the especial pledge of the covenant between God and His people. The verse is a quotation from Exodus 31:13; and every one must have remarked the great stress everywhere laid ...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**8. the valley ... shall perish--**that is, those dwelling in the valley.

But the house of Israel rebelled against me in the wilderness: they walked not in my statutes, and they despised my judgments, which if a man do, he shall even live in them; and my sabbaths they greatly polluted: then I said, I would pour out my fury upon them in the wilderness, to consume them.

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KJV Study Commentary

'But the house of Israel rebelled against me in the wilderness: they walked not in my statutes, and they despised my judgments, which if a man do, he shall even live in them; and my sabbaths they greatly polluted: then I said, I would pour out my fury upon them in the wilderness, to consume them.' Israel's wilderness rebellion: rejecting statutes, despising judgments, polluting Sabbaths. The verb ...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(13) **Rebelled against me.**—See Exodus 32:1-6; Numbers 14:1-4; Numbers 14:16; Numbers 25:1-3; and for the desecration of the Sabbath in particular, Exodus 16:27; Numbers 15:32. **I will pour out my fury.**—Comp. Exodus 32:10; Numbers 15:12; and on Ezekiel 20:14 comp. Note on Ezekiel 20:9.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**9. Give wings, &c.--**(Psa 55:6). Unless it get wings, it cannot escape the foe. "Wings," the Hebrew root meaning is a "flower" (Job 14:2); so the flower-like plumage of a bird.

But I wrought for my name's sake, that it should not be polluted before the heathen, in whose sight I brought them out.

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KJV Study Commentary

'But I wrought for my name's sake, that it should not be polluted before the heathen, in whose sight I brought them out.' Again (as in verse 9), God acts for His name's sake despite Israel's rebellion. Moses' intercession (Exodus 32:11-14, Numbers 14:13-19) appealed to this principle—what would the nations think if God destroyed Israel after delivering them? God's reputation motivates His covenant...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**10. work of ... Lord--**the divinely appointed utter devastation of Moab. To represent how entirely this is God's will, a curse is pronounced on the Chaldeans, the instrument, if they do it negligently (Margin) or by halves (Jud 5:23); compare Saul's sin as to Amalek (1Sa 15:3, 9), and Ahab's as to Syria (1Ki 20:42).

Yet also I lifted up my hand unto them in the wilderness, that I would not bring them into the land which I had given them, flowing with milk and honey, which is the glory of all lands;

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KJV Study Commentary

'Yet also I lifted up my hand unto them in the wilderness, that I would not bring them into the land which I had given them, flowing with milk and honey, which is the glory of all lands.' God's oath in the wilderness: the rebellious generation wouldn't enter the promised land. The oath formula ('lifted up my hand') solemnizes the decree. The irony: the land 'flowing with milk and honey' which God ...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(15) **I would not bring them into the land.**—Numbers 14:28-29. In consequence of their rebellion and want of faith, all the men above twenty years old when they came out of Egypt were doomed by the Divine oath to perish in the wilderness. Yet He did not utterly take His mercy from them, but promised that their children should be brought into the land, as is set forth in Ezekiel 20:17.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**11. settled on ... lees--**(See on Is 25:6; Zep 1:12). As wine left to settle on its own lees retains its flavor and strength (which it would lose by being poured from one vessel into another), so Moab, owing to its never having been dislodged from its settlements, retains its pride of strength unimpaired. **emptied from vessel, &c.--**To make it fit for use, it used to be filtered from ve...
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Because they despised my judgments, and walked not in my statutes, but polluted my sabbaths: for their heart went after their idols.

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KJV Study Commentary

'Because they despised my judgments, and walked not in my statutes, but polluted my sabbaths: for their heart went after their idols.' The cause of judgment: despising God's law and idolatry. 'Their heart went after their idols' identifies the root problem—divided affection, misplaced worship. External rebellion (despising judgments) stems from internal idolatry (hearts after idols). God's law add...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**12. wanderers--**rather, "pourers out," retaining the image of Jr 48:11, that is, the Chaldeans who shall remove Moab from his settlements, as men pour wine from off the lees into other vessels. "His vessels" are the cities of Moab; the broken "bottles" the men slain [Grotius]. The Hebrew and the kindred Arabic word means, "to turn on one side," so as to empty a vessel [Maurer].

Nevertheless mine eye spared them from destroying them, neither did I make an end of them in the wilderness.

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KJV Study Commentary

'Nevertheless mine eye spared them from destroying them, neither did I make an end of them in the wilderness.' Despite deserving destruction, God spared them. 'Mine eye spared them' anthropomorphizes God's mercy. 'Neither did I make an end of them' shows restraint. Though individuals died for specific sins, the nation survived. God's covenant faithfulness preserved a remnant even when judgment was...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**13. ashamed--**have the shame of disappointment as to the hopes they entertained of aid from Chemosh, their idol. **Beth-el--**(1Ki 12:27, 29)--that is, the golden calf set up there by Jeroboam.

But I said unto their children in the wilderness, Walk ye not in the statutes of your fathers, neither observe their judgments, nor defile yourselves with their idols:

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KJV Study Commentary

'But I said unto their children in the wilderness, Walk ye not in the statutes of your fathers, neither observe their judgments, nor defile yourselves with their idols.' God's command to the next generation: don't follow your parents' rebellion. 'Walk ye not in the statutes of your fathers' requires breaking generational patterns. Each generation faces its own choice—repeat ancestral rebellion or ...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(18) **Unto their children.**—The prophet comes now to the third part of his historical retrospect (Ezekiel 20:18-26)—the generation which grew up in the free air of the wilderness, and under the influence of the legislation and institutions given at Sinai. At the same time, it would be a mistake to confine what he says exclusively to that generation. In this, as in the other parts of the discours...
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I am the LORD your God; walk in my statutes, and keep my judgments, and do them;

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KJV Study Commentary

'I am the LORD your God; walk in my statutes, and keep my judgments, and do them.' God's positive command to the new generation: covenant obedience. The covenant formula 'I am the LORD your God' grounds the imperative. Walk (halak—continual lifestyle), keep (shamar—guard, treasure), and do ('asah—practice) emphasize comprehensive, ongoing obedience. God's law isn't burdensome regulation but the pa...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**15. gone up ... gone down--**in antithesis. **out of her cities--**Rather, "Moab ... and her cities are gone up," namely, pass away in the ascending smoke of their conflagration (Jos 8:20, 21; Jud 20:40). When this took place, the young warriors would go down from the burning citadels only to meet their own slaughter [Grotius]. English Version is somewhat favored by the fact that "gone out" is...
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And hallow my sabbaths; and they shall be a sign between me and you, that ye may know that I am the LORD your God.

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KJV Study Commentary

'And hallow my sabbaths; and they shall be a sign between me and you, that ye may know that I am the LORD your God.' Sabbath observance repeated (cf. verse 12) for the new generation. 'Hallow' (qadash—make holy, set apart) requires treating the Sabbath as sacred. The Sabbath as 'sign' distinguishes God's people and acknowledges Him as LORD. Sabbath observance demonstrates trust in God's provision ...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**16. near--**to the prophet's eye, though probably twenty-three years elapsed between the utterance of the prophecy in the fourth year of Jehoiakim (2Ki 24:2) and its fulfilment in the fifth year of Nebuchadnezzar.

Notwithstanding the children rebelled against me: they walked not in my statutes, neither kept my judgments to do them, which if a man do, he shall even live in them; they polluted my sabbaths: then I said, I would pour out my fury upon them, to accomplish my anger against them in the wilderness.

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KJV Study Commentary

'Notwithstanding the children rebelled against me: they walked not in my statutes, neither kept my judgments to do them, which if a man do, he shall even live in them; they polluted my sabbaths: then I said, I would pour out my fury upon them, to accomplish my anger against them in the wilderness.' Tragic repetition: the second generation also rebelled. Same sins (despising statutes, polluting Sab...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(21) **The children rebelled.**—The history of the wanderings in the wilderness, given in Exodus and Numbers, offers abundant illustrations of the truth of this and the following verse.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**17. bemoan--**Not that Moab deserves pity, but this mode of expression pictures more vividly the grievousness of Moab's calamities. **all ye that know his name--**those at a greater distance whom the fame of Moab's "name" had reached, as distinguished from those "about him," that is, near. **strong staff ... rod--**Moab is so called as striking terror into and oppressing other peoples (Is 9:...
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Nevertheless I withdrew mine hand, and wrought for my name's sake, that it should not be polluted in the sight of the heathen, in whose sight I brought them forth.

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KJV Study Commentary

'Nevertheless I withdrew mine hand, and wrought for my name's sake, that it should not be polluted in the sight of the heathen, in whose sight I brought them forth.' God withdraws from judgment (again!) for His name's sake. The threefold repetition of this principle (verses 9, 14, 22) emphasizes its importance. God's reputation among nations consistently motivates His forbearance. His covenant fai...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

18. (Is 47:1). **dost inhabit--**now so securely settled as if in a lasting habitation. **thirst--**Dibon, being situated on the Arnon, abounded in water (Is 15:9). In sad contrast with this, and with her "glory" in general, she shall be reduced not only to shame, but to the want of the commonest necessaries ("thirst") in the arid wilderness (Jr 48:6).

I lifted up mine hand unto them also in the wilderness, that I would scatter them among the heathen, and disperse them through the countries;

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KJV Study Commentary

'I lifted up mine hand unto them also in the wilderness, that I would scatter them among the heathen, and disperse them through the countries.' Despite forbearance, God oaths that future judgment will come: scattering and dispersion. This prophesies the exile—Assyrian deportation (722 BC) and Babylonian exile (586 BC). The oath in the wilderness anticipates judgment centuries later. God's warnings...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(23) **I would scatter them among the heathen.—**This threatening was not designed to be fulfilled in that immediate generation, as abundantly appears from Leviticus 26:33; Deuteronomy 4:27, Deut. 27:64, and the other passages in which it is given, especially Deuteronomy 29, 30. It was given to that generation as representing the nation, but was only to be carried out when, by a long course of obd...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**19. Aroer--**on the north bank of the Arnon, a city of Ammon (De 2:36; 3:12). As it was on "the way" of the Moabites who fled into the desert, its inhabitants "ask" what is the occasion of Moab's flight, and so learn the lot that awaits themselves (compare 1Sa 4:13, 16).

Because they had not executed my judgments, but had despised my statutes, and had polluted my sabbaths, and their eyes were after their fathers' idols.

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KJV Study Commentary

'Because they had not executed my judgments, but had despised my statutes, and had polluted my sabbaths, and their eyes were after their fathers' idols.' The cause of exile reiterated: despising law, polluting Sabbaths, following ancestral idols. 'Their eyes were after their fathers' idols' shows they repeated rather than learned from previous generations' errors. Generational unfaithfulness compo...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

20. Answer of the fleeing Moabites to the Ammonite inquirers (Jr 48:19; Is 16:2). He enumerates the Moabite cities at length, as it seemed so incredible that all should be so utterly ruined. Many of them were assigned to the Levites, while Israel stood. **in Arnon--**the north boundary between Moab and Ammon (Jr 48:19; Nu 21:13).

Wherefore I gave them also statutes that were not good, and judgments whereby they should not live;

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KJV Study Commentary

'Wherefore I gave them also statutes that were not good, and judgments whereby they should not live.' One of Scripture's most difficult verses. God 'gave them statutes that were not good'—likely referring to judicial hardening, giving them over to their desired idolatrous practices (Romans 1:24-28). When people persistently reject God's good law, He withdraws restraint, allowing them to follow des...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(25) **Statutes that were not good.**—In this verse the general statement is made of which a particular instance is given in the next. The “statutes that were not good, and judgments whereby they should not live,” cannot be the same with those described in Ezekiel 20:11 as “judgments which, if a man do, he shall even live in them.” They are not, therefore, to be understood (as many of the fathers ...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**21. plain--**(Jr 48:8). Not only the mountainous regions, but also the plain, shall be wasted. **Holon--**(Compare Jos 15:51). **Jahazah--**(Nu 21:23; Is 15:4). **Mephaath--**(Jos 13:18; 21:37).

And I polluted them in their own gifts, in that they caused to pass through the fire all that openeth the womb, that I might make them desolate, to the end that they might know that I am the LORD.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And I polluted them in their own gifts, in that they caused to pass through the fire all that openeth the womb, that I might make them desolate, to the end that they might know that I am the LORD.</strong> This profound and difficult verse reveals God's judicial hardening of Israel through their own idolatrous practices. The Hebrew verb <em>va'atamei</em> (וָאֲטַמֵּא, "I polluted") indicat...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(26) **To pass through the fire.**—The word “fire” here, as in Ezekiel 16:21; Ezekiel 23:37, is not in the original, but is rightly supplied from Ezekiel 20:31. The custom referred to was probably that of consecrating their seed to Moloch, expressly forbidden in Leviticus 20:1-5. (Comp. also Acts 7:43.) The causing children to pass through the fire continued a common sin even to the later days of ...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**22. Beth-diblathaim--**"the house of Diblathaim": Almon-diblathaim (Nu 33:46); "Diblath" (Eze 6:13); not far from Mount Nebo (Nu 33:46, 47).

Therefore, son of man, speak unto the house of Israel, and say unto them, Thus saith the Lord GOD; Yet in this your fathers have blasphemed me, in that they have committed a trespass against me. committed: Heb. trespassed a trespass

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KJV Study Commentary

'Therefore, son of man, speak unto the house of Israel, and say unto them, Thus saith the Lord GOD; Yet in this your fathers have blasphemed me, in that they have committed a trespass against me.' Moving to the promised land period, God indicts continuing blasphemy despite being brought into the promised land. 'Blasphemed' (gadheph) means reviling or insulting God. 'Committed a trespass' (ma'al) i...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(27) **Your fathers have blasphemed me.**—The fourth period of Israelitish history, though actually far the longest, is very briefly passed over (Ezekiel 20:27-29). It includes the whole period of the settlement in Canaan, from the conquest to the prophet’s own time, and was marked by the same characteristics as before. The particular way here specified by which they blasphemed was by the erection...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**23. Beth-gamul--**meaning "the city of camels." **Beth-meon--**"the house of habitation": Beth-baalmeon (Jos 13:17). Now its ruins are called Miun.

For when I had brought them into the land, for the which I lifted up mine hand to give it to them, then they saw every high hill, and all the thick trees, and they offered there their sacrifices, and there they presented the provocation of their offering: there also they made their sweet savour, and poured out there their drink offerings.

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KJV Study Commentary

'For when I had brought them into the land, for the which I lifted up mine hand to give it to them, then they saw every high hill, and all the thick trees, and they offered there their sacrifices, and there they presented the provocation of their offering: there also they made their sweet savour, and poured out there their drink offerings.' Upon entering the promised land, Israel immediately adopt...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**24. Kerioth--**(Jos 15:25; Am 2:2). **Bozrah--**(See on Is 34:6); at one time under the dominion of Edom, though belonging originally to Moab (Ge 36:33; Is 63:1). Others think the Bozrah in Edom distinct from that of Moab. "Bezer" (Jos 21:36).

Then I said unto them, What is the high place whereunto ye go? And the name thereof is called Bamah unto this day. I said: or, I told them what the high place was, or, Bamah

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KJV Study Commentary

'Then I said unto them, What is the high place whereunto ye go? And the name whereof is called Bamah unto this day.' God's question about the high places ('bamah') is rhetorical—exposing their folly. The wordplay on 'bamah' (high place) emphasizes the absurdity. These forbidden worship sites persisted 'unto this day' (Ezekiel's time, ~591 BC), showing centuries of persistent high place worship des...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(29) **Is called Bamah.—**Bamah itself means *high place. *Some have fancied that the word is derived from the two words “go” and “where,” and therefore that it contains a play upon the question in the first part of the verse; but this etymology must be considered fanciful.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**25. horn--**the emblem of strength and sovereignty: it is the horned animal's means of offense and defense (Psa 75:5, 10; La 2:3).

Wherefore say unto the house of Israel, Thus saith the Lord GOD; Are ye polluted after the manner of your fathers? and commit ye whoredom after their abominations?

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KJV Study Commentary

'Wherefore say unto the house of Israel, Thus saith the Lord GOD; Are ye polluted after the manner of your fathers? and commit ye whoredom after their abominations?' God's rhetorical questions indict the exilic generation for continuing ancestral patterns. 'Polluted after the manner of your fathers' indicates repeating previous generations' defilement. 'Commit ye whoredom' uses adultery/prostituti...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(30) **Are ye polluted?**—This and the two following verses constitute the fifth and concluding portion of this historical review, and relate to the then existing generation. The questions asked answer themselves, and yet in the following verse are answered for the sake of emphasis. They bring home to Ezekiel’s own contemporaries the sins which had characterised their race through nearly all the a...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**26. drunken--**(see on Jr 13:12; Jr 25:17). Intoxicated with the cup of divine wrath, so as to be in helpless distraction. **magnified ... against ... Lord--**boasted arrogantly against God's people, that whereas Israel was fallen, Moab remained flourishing. **wallow in ... vomit--**following up the image of a drunken man, that is, shall be so afflicted by God's wrath as to disgorge all his ...
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For when ye offer your gifts, when ye make your sons to pass through the fire, ye pollute yourselves with all your idols, even unto this day: and shall I be enquired of by you, O house of Israel? As I live, saith the Lord GOD, I will not be enquired of by you.

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KJV Study Commentary

'For when ye offer your gifts, when ye make your sons to pass through the fire, ye pollute yourselves with all your idols, even unto this day: and shall I be enquired of by you, O house of Israel? As I live, saith the Lord GOD, I will not be enquired of by you.' God refuses consultation because of ongoing child sacrifice and idolatry. 'Make your sons to pass through the fire' refers to Molech wors...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(31) **I will not be enquired of by you.**—This takes up the refrain of Ezekiel 20:3, and with the following verse fitly closes this portion of the prophecy which was introduced by the coming of the elders to enquire.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

27. (Zep 2:8). **a derision--**The Hebrew has the article: referring to Jr 48:26, "Was not Israel (the whole nation) the object of derision to thee?" Therefore, Moab is to suffer as formerly for its exultation over the calamity (2Ki 17:6) of the ten tribes under the Assyrian Shalmaneser (Is 15:1-16:14), so now for its exultation over the fall of Judah, under the Chaldean Nebuchadnezzar. God take...
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And that which cometh into your mind shall not be at all, that ye say, We will be as the heathen, as the families of the countries, to serve wood and stone.

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KJV Study Commentary

'And that which cometh into your mind shall not be at all, that ye say, We will be as the heathen, as the families of the countries, to serve wood and stone.' The exiles fantasized about abandoning Yahweh worship entirely and becoming like pagan nations. 'That which cometh into your mind' indicates deliberate consideration of apostasy. 'Serve wood and stone' describes idolatry with contempt. God d...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(32) **As the heathen**.—The desire to be “like the nations that are round about,” had long been a ruling ambition with the Israelites, as shown in their original desire for a king (1Samuel 8:5; 1Samuel 8:20), and this desire, as shown in the text, had been one chief reason for their tendency to idolatry. The second part of this prophecy extends from Ezekiel 20:33 to Ezekiel 20:44, where the chapt...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

28. Doves often have their nests in the "sides" of caverns. No longer shalt thou have cities to shelter thee: thou shalt have to flee for shelter to caves and deserts (Psa 55:6, 8; So 2:14).

As I live, saith the Lord GOD, surely with a mighty hand, and with a stretched out arm, and with fury poured out, will I rule over you:

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KJV Study Commentary

'As I live, saith the Lord GOD, surely with a mighty hand, and with a stretched out arm, and with fury poured out, will I rule over you.' God's oath: He will rule over Israel despite their rebellion. The oath formula emphasizes certainty. 'Mighty hand' and 'stretched out arm' recall exodus language. 'Fury poured out' indicates judgment. The paradox: through judgment, God maintains sovereignty over...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(33) **With a mighty hand, and with a stretched out arm.**—As the delineations of this whole passage are founded upon the exodus from Egypt (comp. Hosea 2:14-15), so this particular expression is the standing form in the Pentateuch for the series of mighty acts by which the Lord effected that deliverance (see Exodus 6:1; Exodus 6:6; Deuteronomy 4:34; Deuteronomy 5:15; Deuteronomy 7:19, &c). In Exo...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**29. pride--**(Is 16:6, 7). Moab was the trumpeter of his own fame. Jeremiah adds "loftiness and arrogancy" to Isaiah's picture, so that Moab had not only not been bettered by the chastisement previously endured as foretold by Isaiah, but had even become worse; so that his guilt, and therefore his sentence of punishment, are increased now. Six times Moab's pride (or the synonyms) are mentioned, t...
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And I will bring you out from the people, and will gather you out of the countries wherein ye are scattered, with a mighty hand, and with a stretched out arm, and with fury poured out.

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KJV Study Commentary

'And I will bring you out from the people, and will gather you out of the countries wherein ye are scattered, with a mighty hand, and with a stretched out arm, and with fury poured out.' Despite judgment, God promises restoration. The same divine power ('mighty hand...stretched out arm') that brought exodus from Egypt and exile to Babylon will bring restoration. God's fury accomplishes both judgme...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(34) **Bring you out from the people.—**This and the parallel clause, “gather you out of the countries,” cannot refer to the restoration of the people to their land, both because it is an avenging act, “with fury poured out”; and also because its object is said in the next verse to be to bring them into the wilderness. It must therefore refer to the Divine dealings with the people in their dispers...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**30. I know--**Moab's "proud arrogancy" (Jr 48:29) or "wrath," against My people, is not unknown to Me. **it shall not be so--**The result shall not be so as he thinks: his lies shall not so effect what he aims at by them. Calvin translates, "his lies are not right (that is, his vauntings are vain because God will not give them effect); they shall not do so" as they project in their minds, for ...
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And I will bring you into the wilderness of the people, and there will I plead with you face to face.

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KJV Study Commentary

'And I will bring you into the wilderness of the people, and there will I plead with you face to face.' God promises new wilderness experience—not geographic wilderness but spiritual testing and purification. 'Plead with you face to face' recalls Sinai's covenant-making. This new wilderness will refine and restore, repeating the exodus pattern but accomplishing what the first wilderness failed to ...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(35) **Into the wilderness of the people.**—As in the past there was a period of probation and discipline in the wilderness, so shall there be in the future. The similarity is insisted upon in Ezekiel 20:36, and the phrase “face to face” is taken from Deuteronomy 5:4, not to show that the Lord will interpose again with the same sensible manifestations, but will plead with them in ways equally adap...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**31. I will cry ... for ... Moab--**Not that it deserves pity, but the prophet's "crying" for it vividly represents the greatness of the calamity. **Kir-heres--**Kir-hareseth, in Is 16:7; see on Is 16:7. It means "the city of potters," or else "the city of the sun" [Grotius]. Here "the men of Kir-heres" are substituted for "the foundations of Kir-hareseth," in Is 16:7. The change answers probab...
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Like as I pleaded with your fathers in the wilderness of the land of Egypt, so will I plead with you, saith the Lord GOD.

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KJV Study Commentary

'Like as I pleaded with your fathers in the wilderness of the land of Egypt, so will I plead with you, saith the Lord GOD.' God compares coming restoration to the exodus and Sinai covenant-making. 'Pleaded' (shaphat) means both judgment and covenant lawsuit. As God confronted the exodus generation in the wilderness, He will confront the exilic generation. But unlike the first wilderness where most...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**32. with the weeping--**with the same weeping as Jazer, now vanquished, wept with for the destruction of its vines. The same calamity shall befall thee, Sibmah, as befell Jazer. The Hebrew preposition here is different from that in Is 16:9, for which reason Maurer translates, "with more than the weeping of Jazer." English Version understands it of the continuation of the weeping; after they have...
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And I will cause you to pass under the rod, and I will bring you into the bond of the covenant: bond: or, delivering

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KJV Study Commentary

'And I will cause you to pass under the rod, and I will bring you into the bond of the covenant.' Shepherding imagery: passing under the rod for counting and inspection (Leviticus 27:32, Jeremiah 33:13). God will examine and refine His people, bringing them into 'the bond of the covenant'—renewed covenant relationship. This anticipates the New Covenant where God writes law on hearts (Jeremiah 31:3...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(37) **To pass under the rod.—**A figure taken from the shepherd’s way of counting and examining his flock. (Comp. Leviticus 27:32; Jeremiah 33:13; Micah 7:14.) By this the people were to be brought *“*into the land of the covenant,” selected and reconstituted God’s covenant people.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**33. the plentiful field--**rather, "Carmel": as the parallel "land of Moab" requires, though in Is 16:10, it is "the plentiful field." Joy is taken away as from the nearer regions (Canaan and Palestine), so from the farther "land of Moab"; what has happened to Judah shall befall Moab, too (Jr 48:26, 27) [Maurer]. However, Moab alone seems to be spoken of here; nor does the parallelism forbid "pl...
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And I will purge out from among you the rebels, and them that transgress against me: I will bring them forth out of the country where they sojourn, and they shall not enter into the land of Israel: and ye shall know that I am the LORD.

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KJV Study Commentary

'And I will purge out from among you the rebels, and them that transgress against me: I will bring them forth out of the country where they sojourn, and they shall not enter into the land of Israel: and ye shall know that I am the LORD.' God promises to purge rebels, preventing unrepentant idolaters from entering restored Israel. As the wilderness generation perished before entering the promised l...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(38) **I will purge out.**—The discipline of affliction should have the effect of separating the rebellious in heart from the purified remnant, so that they should not return with them to the land of their fathers. A striking instance of the way in which the Divine purposes are fulfilled through the operations of ordinary laws, occurred on the return of the Jews from their exile. After a residence...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**34. From the cry of Heshbon, &amp;c.--**Those who fly from Heshbon on its capture shall continue the cry even as far as Elealeh ... . There will be continued cries in all quarters, from one end to the other, everywhere slaughter and wasting. **as an heifer of three years old--**Moab heretofore not having known foreign yoke, and in its full strength, is compared to an heifer of three years old,...
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As for you, O house of Israel, thus saith the Lord GOD; Go ye, serve ye every one his idols, and hereafter also, if ye will not hearken unto me: but pollute ye my holy name no more with your gifts, and with your idols.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>As for you, O house of Israel, thus saith the Lord GOD; Go ye, serve ye every one his idols, and hereafter also, if ye will not hearken unto me: but pollute ye my holy name no more with your gifts, and with your idols.</strong> This shocking verse employs biting irony and divine sarcasm to expose Israel's spiritual hypocrisy. The phrase "Go ye, serve ye every one his idols" is not permissi...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(39) **Go ye, serve ye every one his idols.**—Comp. Joshua 24:15. If, after the warning given, ye still refuse obedience, then the Lord gives you up to your fate; “go, serve your idols.” Such should be the terrible end of the persistently rebellious part of the nation, as with the obdurate sinner of all ages, they will be given up to the punishment—than which nothing can be imagined more fearful—o...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**35. him that offereth--**namely, whole burnt offerings as the Hebrew requires [Grotius]. Compare the awful burnt offering of the king of Moab (2Ki 3:27). **high places--**(Is 16:12).

For in mine holy mountain, in the mountain of the height of Israel, saith the Lord GOD, there shall all the house of Israel, all of them in the land, serve me: there will I accept them, and there will I require your offerings, and the firstfruits of your oblations, with all your holy things. firstfruits: or, chief

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KJV Study Commentary

'For in mine holy mountain, in the mountain of the height of Israel, saith the Lord GOD, there shall all the house of Israel, all of them in the land, serve me: there will I accept them, and there will I require your offerings, and the firstfruits of your oblations, with all your holy things.' The promise: restored worship on God's holy mountain (Zion). 'All the house of Israel...serve me' indicat...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(40) **In mine holy mountain.**—See note on Ezekiel 17:23. The former prophecy was distinctly Messianic; in this, taken by itself, there is nothing which might not refer to the restoration from the exile. Yet in view of the parallelism and connection between the two, we can hardly avoid the supposition, that in predicting the restoration the prophetic eye looked beyond to the greater glory of the ...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

36. (See on Is 15:7; Is 16:11). **like pipes--**a plaintive instrument, therefore used at funerals and in general mourning. **riches ... gotten--**literally, the abundance ... that which is over and above the necessaries of life. Grotius translates, "They who have been left remaining shall perish"; they who have not been slain by the enemy shall perish by disease and famine.

I will accept you with your sweet savour, when I bring you out from the people, and gather you out of the countries wherein ye have been scattered; and I will be sanctified in you before the heathen. sweet: Heb. savour of rest

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KJV Study Commentary

'I will accept you with your sweet savour, when I bring you out from the people, and gather you out of the countries wherein ye have been scattered; and I will be sanctified in you before the heathen.' God promises acceptance when He restores them. 'Sweet savour' recalls Noah's sacrifice (Genesis 8:21) and Levitical offerings—pleasing to God. 'I will be sanctified in you before the heathen' means ...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

37. (See on Jr 47:5; Is 15:2, 3). **upon all ... hands--**that is, arms, in which such cuttings used to be made in token of grief (compare Zec 13:6).

And ye shall know that I am the LORD, when I shall bring you into the land of Israel, into the country for the which I lifted up mine hand to give it to your fathers.

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KJV Study Commentary

'And ye shall know that I am the LORD, when I shall bring you into the land of Israel, into the country for the which I lifted up mine hand to give it to your fathers.' The recognition formula 'ye shall know that I am the LORD' concludes this section. Restoration will demonstrate Yahweh's identity and covenant faithfulness. Bringing them to the promised land fulfills the oath to their fathers (Abr...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**38. vessel ... no pleasure--**(See on Jr 22:28); a vessel cast aside by the potter as refuse, not answering his design.

And there shall ye remember your ways, and all your doings, wherein ye have been defiled; and ye shall lothe yourselves in your own sight for all your evils that ye have committed.

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KJV Study Commentary

'And there shall ye remember your ways, and all your doings, wherein ye have been defiled; and ye shall lothe yourselves in your own sight for all your evils that ye have committed.' Restoration produces repentance—remembering past sins and loathing themselves for previous unfaithfulness. True restoration involves acknowledging guilt, not merely receiving blessing. Self-loathing here is godly sorr...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(43) **Ye shall lothe yourselves.**—The especial sin above all others for which Israel had been reproved in past ages, and which still formed the burden of Ezekiel’s denunciations, was idolatry; from this they were weaned, once for all, at the restoration, and whatever other sins may have been committed by them, into this, as a nation, they have never since relapsed. With Ezekiel 20:44 this prophe...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**39. it--**Moab. **How ... how--**prodigious, yet sure to happen. **turned the back--**not daring to show her face. **derision ... dismaying to all--**a derision to some; a dismaying to others in beholding such a judgment of God, fearing a like fate for themselves.

And ye shall know that I am the LORD, when I have wrought with you for my name's sake, not according to your wicked ways, nor according to your corrupt doings, O ye house of Israel, saith the Lord GOD.

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KJV Study Commentary

'And ye shall know that I am the LORD, when I have wrought with you for my name's sake, not according to your wicked ways, nor according to your corrupt doings, O house of Israel, saith the Lord GOD.' The climax: recognition that salvation is 'for my name's sake, not according to your wicked ways.' God acts despite their unworthiness, based on His character, not theirs. This is pure grace—undeserv...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**40. he--**Nebuzara-dan, the captain of Nebuchadnezzar. **as ... eagle--**not to bear them "on eagles' wings" (Ex 19:4; De 32:11, 12), as God does His people, but to pounce on them as a prey (Jr 49:22; De 28:49; Ha 1:8).

Moreover the word of the LORD came unto me, saying,

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>The word of the LORD came unto me</strong> (וַיְהִי דְבַר־יְהוָה אֵלַי, vayehi devar-YHWH elay)—Ezekiel's signature prophetic formula appears 50+ times in his book. The phrase דְבַר־יְהוָה (<em>devar-YHWH</em>, word of the LORD) emphasizes divine origin and authority. Ezekiel never spoke on his own initiative but only when God's word came to him.<br><br>This verse introduces the 'forest fi...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(45) **Toward the south.**—The parable of Ezekiel 20:45-48 forms what might be called the text of the discourse in Ezekiel 21. The word south, here occurring three times, is represented in the Hebrew by three separate words, which mean, by their derivation, respectively, “on the right hand” (the orientals always supposing themselves to face the east when they speak of the points of the compass),” ...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**41. as ... woman in ... pangs--**(Is 13:8).

Son of man, set thy face toward the south, and drop thy word toward the south, and prophesy against the forest of the south field;

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Set thy face toward the south</strong> (שִׂים פָּנֶיךָ דֶּרֶךְ תֵּימָנָה, sim panekha derekh teimanah)—the idiom שִׂים פָּנֶיךָ (<em>sim panekha</em>, set your face) indicates prophetic confrontation and coming judgment. Ezekiel must physically orient himself toward the south (תֵּימָן, <em>teiman</em>), meaning Jerusalem from his Babylonian perspective.<br><br><strong>Drop thy word</strong...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

42. (See on Jr 48:26).

And say to the forest of the south, Hear the word of the LORD; Thus saith the Lord GOD; Behold, I will kindle a fire in thee, and it shall devour every green tree in thee, and every dry tree: the flaming flame shall not be quenched, and all faces from the south to the north shall be burned therein.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>I will kindle a fire in thee</strong> (הִצַּתִּי בְךָ אֵשׁ, hitsati vekha esh)—God Himself lights the judgment fire. The verb יָצַת (<em>yatsat</em>, to kindle) indicates deliberate ignition. <strong>Every green tree and every dry tree</strong> (כָּל־עֵץ לַח וְכָל־עֵץ יָבֵשׁ, kol-etz lakh v'khol-etz yavesh) means total destruction—both righteous (green) and wicked (dry) will be swept into ...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(47) **Every green tree in thee, and every dry tree**—*i.e., *persons of every condition, the condition here having reference probably to their moral state; the approaching desolation should be so complete, that, like other national judgments, it should sweep away all alike. No distinction could be made in favour of those who might be less ripe in evil. Our Lord may have had this expression in min...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

43-44. (See on Is 24:17, 18).

And all flesh shall see that I the LORD have kindled it: it shall not be quenched.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>All flesh shall see</strong> (וְרָאוּ כָל־בָּשָׂר, v'ra'u khol-basar)—universal visibility of God's judgment. כָּל־בָּשָׂר (<em>kol-basar</em>, all flesh) means all humanity, not just Israel. The surrounding nations would witness YHWH's power through Jerusalem's fall.<br><br><strong>I the LORD have kindled it</strong> (אֲנִי יְהוָה בִּעַרְתִּיהָ, ani YHWH bi'artiha)—emphatic divine first-p...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

43-44. (See on Is 24:17, 18).

Then said I, Ah Lord GOD! they say of me, Doth he not speak parables?

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Then said I, Ah Lord GOD! they say of me, Doth he not speak parables?</strong> This verse captures Ezekiel's frustration with his audience's dismissive response to God's prophetic word. The Hebrew interjection "Ah" (<em>ahah</em>, אֲהָהּ) expresses deep emotion—here, exasperation and perhaps despair. "Lord GOD" translates <em>Adonai Yahweh</em> (אֲדֹנָי יְהוִה), the most solemn divine name...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(49) **Doth he not speak parables?**—Or enigmas—things that we cannot understand. This the prophet did designedly, as he had done in other cases, to awaken the attention of the people to the explanation he was about to give. Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers Text Courtesy of BibleSupport.com. Used by Permission. Bible Hub

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**45. under ... shadow of Heshbon--**They thought that they would be safe in Heshbon. **because of the force--**that is, "they that fled because of the force" of the enemy: they that fled from it. Glassius translates, "through want of strength." So the Hebrew particle is translated (Psa 109:24), "faileth of fatness," that is, "faileth through want of fatness"; also La 4:9. **but a fire, &amp;c...
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