King James Version

What Does Luke 2:39 Mean?

Luke 2:39 in the King James Version says “And when they had performed all things according to the law of the Lord, they returned into Galilee, to their own city N... — study this verse from Luke chapter 2 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

And when they had performed all things according to the law of the Lord, they returned into Galilee, to their own city Nazareth.

Luke 2:39 · KJV


Context

37

And she was a widow of about fourscore and four years, which departed not from the temple, but served God with fastings and prayers night and day.

38

And she coming in that instant gave thanks likewise unto the Lord, and spake of him to all them that looked for redemption in Jerusalem. Jerusalem: or, Israel

39

And when they had performed all things according to the law of the Lord, they returned into Galilee, to their own city Nazareth.

40

And the child grew, and waxed strong in spirit, filled with wisdom: and the grace of God was upon him.

41

Now his parents went to Jerusalem every year at the feast of the passover.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Joseph and Mary's performance of 'all things according to the law of the Lord' demonstrates comprehensive obedience to God's revealed will. Their return to Nazareth 'their own city' indicates they fulfilled all Jerusalem temple obligations before resuming normal life. The phrase 'according to the law' emphasizes that obedience characterized Jesus's family from the beginning. Their return to Galilee (Nazareth) seemingly contradicts Matthew's account of Egypt flight, which chronologically follows this, showing Luke focuses on legal/temple obedience while Matthew emphasizes persecution/protection. Their faithfulness in ceremonial matters models that true faith expresses itself through careful adherence to God's requirements.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Completion of purification, presentation, and sacrificial obligations allowed the family to return home. Nazareth in Galilee became Jesus's hometown where He was raised, fulfilling the prophecy that He would be 'called a Nazarene' (Matt 2:23). Their obedience before returning shows prioritizing God's commands over personal comfort.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does comprehensive obedience ('all things according to the law') reveal about genuine faith?
  2. How does prioritizing God's requirements before personal comfort demonstrate true devotion?
  3. Why is it significant that Jesus's family characterized by careful obedience to Scripture?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 18 words
Καὶ1 of 18

And

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

ὡς2 of 18

when

G5613

which how, i.e., in that manner (very variously used, as follows)

ἐτέλεσαν3 of 18

they had performed

G5055

to end, i.e., complete, execute, conclude, discharge (a debt)

ἅπαντα4 of 18

all things

G537

absolutely all or (singular) every one

τὰ5 of 18
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

κατὰ6 of 18

according

G2596

(prepositionally) down (in place or time), in varied relations (according to the case (genitive, dative or accusative) with which it is joined)

τὸν7 of 18
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

νόμον8 of 18

to the law

G3551

law (through the idea of prescriptive usage), genitive case (regulation), specially, (of moses (including the volume); also of the gospel), or figurat

κυρίου9 of 18

of the Lord

G2962

supreme in authority, i.e., (as noun) controller; by implication, master (as a respectful title)

ὑπέστρεψαν10 of 18

they returned

G5290

to turn under (behind), i.e., to return (literally or figuratively)

εἰς11 of 18

into

G1519

to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases

τὴν12 of 18
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

Γαλιλαίαν13 of 18

Galilee

G1056

galilaea (i.e., the heathen circle), a region of palestine

εἰς14 of 18

into

G1519

to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases

τὴν15 of 18
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

πόλιν16 of 18

city

G4172

a town (properly, with walls, of greater or less size)

αὑτῶν17 of 18
G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

Ναζαρέτ18 of 18

Nazareth

G3478

nazareth or nazaret, a place in palestine


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Luke. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Luke 2:39 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Luke 2:39 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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