King James Version

What Does Matthew 21:38 Mean?

Matthew 21:38 in the King James Version says “But when the husbandmen saw the son, they said among themselves, This is the heir; come, let us kill him, and let us sei... — study this verse from Matthew chapter 21 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

But when the husbandmen saw the son, they said among themselves, This is the heir; come, let us kill him, and let us seize on his inheritance.

Matthew 21:38 · KJV


Context

36

Again, he sent other servants more than the first: and they did unto them likewise.

37

But last of all he sent unto them his son, saying, They will reverence my son.

38

But when the husbandmen saw the son, they said among themselves, This is the heir; come, let us kill him, and let us seize on his inheritance.

39

And they caught him, and cast him out of the vineyard, and slew him.

40

When the lord therefore of the vineyard cometh, what will he do unto those husbandmen?


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
This text illustrates key Reformed principles: sola Scriptura, sola gratia, and sola fide. The passage demonstrates how God's Word speaks authoritatively to human need, revealing both our depravity and God's merciful provision through Christ.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

First-century Palestine was marked by religious fervor and political tension. The passage reflects interactions between Jesus and various groups: Pharisees, Sadducees, disciples, and crowds. Each audience received teaching tailored to their needs and spiritual condition.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does this text reveal about human nature and God's grace?
  2. How can you apply this teaching to current struggles or questions?
  3. What changes in thinking or behavior does this passage require?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 21 words
οἱ1 of 21
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

δὲ2 of 21

But

G1161

but, and, etc

γεωργοὶ3 of 21

when the husbandmen

G1092

a land-worker, i.e., farmer

ἰδόντες4 of 21

saw

G1492

used only in certain past tenses, the others being borrowed from the equivalent g3700 and g3708; properly, to see (literally or figuratively); by impl

τὸν5 of 21
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

υἱὸν6 of 21

the son

G5207

a "son" (sometimes of animals), used very widely of immediate, remote or figuratively, kinship

εἶπον7 of 21

they said

G2036

to speak or say (by word or writing)

ἐν8 of 21

among

G1722

"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc

ἑαυτοῖς9 of 21

themselves

G1438

(him- her-, it-, them-, my-, thy-, our-, your-)self (selves), etc

Οὗτός10 of 21

This

G3778

the he (she or it), i.e., this or that (often with article repeated)

ἐστιν11 of 21

is

G2076

he (she or it) is; also (with neuter plural) they are

12 of 21
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

κληρονόμος·13 of 21

the heir

G2818

a sharer by lot, i.e., inheritor (literally or figuratively); by implication, a possessor

δεῦτε14 of 21

come

G1205

come hither!

ἀποκτείνωμεν15 of 21

let us kill

G615

to kill outright; figuratively, to destroy

αὐτοῦ16 of 21

him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

καὶ17 of 21

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

κατάσχωμεν18 of 21

let us seize

G2722

to hold down (fast), in various applications (literally or figuratively)

τὴν19 of 21
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

κληρονομίαν20 of 21

inheritance

G2817

heirship, i.e., (concretely) a patrimony or (genitive case) a possession

αὐτοῦ21 of 21

him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Matthew. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Matthew 21:38 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Matthew 21:38 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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