King James Version

What Does John 13:3 Mean?

John 13:3 in the King James Version says “Jesus knowing that the Father had given all things into his hands, and that he was come from God, and went to God; — study this verse from John chapter 13 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

Jesus knowing that the Father had given all things into his hands, and that he was come from God, and went to God;

John 13:3 · KJV


Context

1

Now before the feast of the passover, when Jesus knew that his hour was come that he should depart out of this world unto the Father, having loved his own which were in the world, he loved them unto the end.

2

And supper being ended, the devil having now put into the heart of Judas Iscariot, Simon's son, to betray him;

3

Jesus knowing that the Father had given all things into his hands, and that he was come from God, and went to God;

4

He riseth from supper, and laid aside his garments; and took a towel, and girded himself.

5

After that he poureth water into a bason, and began to wash the disciples' feet, and to wipe them with the towel wherewith he was girded.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Jesus knowing that the Father had given all things into his hands (εἰδὼς ὅτι πάντα δέδωκεν αὐτῷ ὁ πατὴρ εἰς τὰς χεῖρας)—The participle "knowing" (εἰδώς/eidōs) indicates Jesus's full consciousness of His authority. The Father had committed "all things" (πάντα/panta)—universal authority—into Christ's hands. This echoes Matthew 28:18: "All power is given unto me in heaven and in earth." Jesus acts from a position of absolute sovereignty.

And that he was come from God, and went to God (καὶ ὅτι ἀπὸ θεοῦ ἐξῆλθεν καὶ πρὸς τὸν θεὸν ὑπάγει)—Jesus's full awareness of His divine origin and destination frames the foot-washing. He who came from God's throne stoops to wash dirty feet; He who will return to glory serves as a slave. This is the ultimate statement of divine humility.

The contrast is stunning: Satan fills Judas's heart with betrayal (v.2); the Father fills Jesus's hands with authority. Judas uses proximity to Jesus for evil; Jesus uses divine authority for service. This sets up the foot-washing as the incarnation in miniature—the Lord of glory becoming a servant.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

In first-century culture, foot-washing was performed by the lowest household servants or slaves. For a rabbi to wash his disciples' feet was unthinkable—a complete reversal of social hierarchy. Yet Jesus, knowing His divine authority, deliberately chooses the servant's role. This embodies Philippians 2:6-8: Christ, "being in the form of God," took "the form of a servant." John places this scene where the Synoptics place the Last Supper institution, suggesting the foot-washing interprets the cross—voluntary self-humbling for others' cleansing.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does Jesus's awareness of His divine authority enable (not prevent) His humble service?
  2. What does it mean that the one with "all things" in His hands uses that power to wash feet rather than command armies?
  3. How should our awareness of our identity in Christ shape our attitude toward serving others?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 22 words
εἰδὼς1 of 22

knowing

G1492

used only in certain past tenses, the others being borrowed from the equivalent g3700 and g3708; properly, to see (literally or figuratively); by impl

2 of 22
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

Ἰησοῦς3 of 22

Jesus

G2424

jesus (i.e., jehoshua), the name of our lord and two (three) other israelites

ὅτι4 of 22

that

G3754

demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because

πάντα5 of 22

all things

G3956

all, any, every, the whole

δἔδωκεν6 of 22

had given

G1325

to give (used in a very wide application, properly, or by implication, literally or figuratively; greatly modified by the connection)

αὐτῷ7 of 22

his

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

8 of 22
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

πατὴρ9 of 22

the Father

G3962

a "father" (literally or figuratively, near or more remote)

εἰς10 of 22

into

G1519

to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases

τὰς11 of 22
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

χεῖρας12 of 22

hands

G5495

the hand (literally or figuratively (power); especially (by hebraism) a means or instrument)

καὶ13 of 22

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

ὅτι14 of 22

that

G3754

demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because

ἀπὸ15 of 22

from

G575

"off," i.e., away (from something near), in various senses (of place, time, or relation; literal or figurative)

θεὸν16 of 22

God

G2316

a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)

ἐξῆλθεν17 of 22

he was come

G1831

to issue (literally or figuratively)

καὶ18 of 22

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

πρὸς19 of 22

to

G4314

a preposition of direction; forward to, i.e., toward (with the genitive case, the side of, i.e., pertaining to; with the dative case, by the side of,

τὸν20 of 22
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

θεὸν21 of 22

God

G2316

a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)

ὑπάγει22 of 22

went

G5217

to lead (oneself) under, i.e., withdraw or retire (as if sinking out of sight), literally or figuratively


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of John. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

John 13:3 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to John 13:3 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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