King James Version

What Does Luke 12:47 Mean?

Luke 12:47 in the King James Version says “And that servant, which knew his lord's will, and prepared not himself, neither did according to his will, shall be beat... — study this verse from Luke chapter 12 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

And that servant, which knew his lord's will, and prepared not himself, neither did according to his will, shall be beaten with many stripes.

Luke 12:47 · KJV


Context

45

But and if that servant say in his heart, My lord delayeth his coming; and shall begin to beat the menservants and maidens, and to eat and drink, and to be drunken;

46

The lord of that servant will come in a day when he looketh not for him, and at an hour when he is not aware, and will cut him in sunder, and will appoint him his portion with the unbelievers. cut: or, cut him off

47

And that servant, which knew his lord's will, and prepared not himself, neither did according to his will, shall be beaten with many stripes.

48

But he that knew not, and did commit things worthy of stripes, shall be beaten with few stripes. For unto whomsoever much is given, of him shall be much required: and to whom men have committed much, of him they will ask the more.

49

I am come to send fire on the earth; and what will I, if it be already kindled?


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And that servant, which knew his lord's will, and prepared not himself, neither did according to his will, shall be beaten with many stripes (ἐκεῖνος δὲ ὁ δοῦλος ὁ γνοὺς τὸ θέλημα τοῦ κυρίου αὐτοῦ καὶ μὴ ἑτοιμάσας ἢ ποιήσας πρὸς τὸ θέλημα αὐτοῦ δαρήσεται πολλάς, ekeinos de ho doulos ho gnous to thelēma tou kyriou autou kai mē hetoimasas ē poiēsas pros to thelēma autou darēsetai pollas)—This verse establishes the principle of proportional judgment based on knowledge. The aorist participle gnous (γνούς, having known) indicates definite knowledge of the master's will (to thelēma, τὸ θέλημα). Yet despite knowing, the servant neither prepared (hetoimasas, ἑτοιμάσας) nor acted (poiēsas, ποιήσας) according to that will.

The passive verb darēsetai (δαρήσεται, will be beaten) with the cognate accusative pollas (πολλάς, many stripes) indicates severe punishment—literally "will be beaten with many." The severity corresponds to the knowledge possessed. Greater knowledge of God's will creates greater responsibility; disobedience despite knowledge brings greater judgment. This principle appears throughout Scripture: "to whom much is given, of him shall much be required" (verse 48). The servant who knows but doesn't obey faces stricter judgment than one who acts in ignorance. Knowledge without obedience compounds guilt rather than excusing it.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Roman and Jewish law practiced corporal punishment, with the number of stripes proportional to the offense's severity. Jewish law limited flogging to forty lashes (Deuteronomy 25:3), later reduced to thirty-nine to avoid accidental excess (2 Corinthians 11:24). This cultural context makes the "many stripes" comprehensible—severe but measured punishment. Jesus' teaching established a principle the New Testament develops: greater privilege brings greater accountability. James warns that teachers receive stricter judgment (James 3:1). Those who sin against greater light face greater condemnation (Hebrews 10:26-31).

Reflection Questions

  1. How does knowing God's will but not obeying it increase rather than decrease guilt and judgment?
  2. What does proportional punishment based on knowledge teach about divine justice and human accountability?
  3. In what areas of life might you possess clear knowledge of God's will yet fail to prepare yourself or act accordingly?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 22 words
ἐκεῖνος1 of 22

that

G1565

that one (or (neuter) thing); often intensified by the article prefixed

δὲ2 of 22

And

G1161

but, and, etc

τὸ3 of 22

which

G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

δοῦλος4 of 22

servant

G1401

a slave (literal or figurative, involuntary or voluntary; frequently, therefore in a qualified sense of subjection or subserviency)

τὸ5 of 22

which

G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

γνοὺς6 of 22

knew

G1097

to "know" (absolutely) in a great variety of applications and with many implications (as follow, with others not thus clearly expressed)

τὸ7 of 22

which

G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

θέλημα8 of 22

to his will

G2307

a determination (properly, the thing), i.e., (actively) choice (specially, purpose, decree; abstractly, volition) or (passively) inclination

τὸ9 of 22

which

G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

κυρίου10 of 22

lord's

G2962

supreme in authority, i.e., (as noun) controller; by implication, master (as a respectful title)

ἑαυτοῦ,11 of 22

his

G1438

(him- her-, it-, them-, my-, thy-, our-, your-)self (selves), etc

καὶ12 of 22

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

μὴ13 of 22

not

G3361

(adverb) not, (conjunction) lest; also (as an interrogative implying a negative answer (whereas g3756 expects an affirmative one)) whether

ἑτοιμάσας14 of 22

prepared

G2090

to prepare

μηδὲ15 of 22

himself neither

G3366

but not, not even; in a continued negation, nor

ποιήσας16 of 22

did

G4160

to make or do (in a very wide application, more or less direct)

πρὸς17 of 22

according

G4314

a preposition of direction; forward to, i.e., toward (with the genitive case, the side of, i.e., pertaining to; with the dative case, by the side of,

τὸ18 of 22

which

G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

θέλημα19 of 22

to his will

G2307

a determination (properly, the thing), i.e., (actively) choice (specially, purpose, decree; abstractly, volition) or (passively) inclination

αὐτοῦ20 of 22
G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

δαρήσεται21 of 22

shall be beaten

G1194

properly, to flay, i.e., (by implication) to scourge, or (by analogy) to thrash

πολλάς·22 of 22

with many

G4183

(singular) much (in any respect) or (plural) many; neuter (singular) as adverbial, largely; neuter (plural) as adverb or noun often, mostly, largely


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Luke. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Luke 12:47 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Luke 12:47 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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