About 1 Kings

1 Kings records Solomon's glorious reign and the tragic division of the kingdom, along with the ministry of Elijah.

Author: Jeremiah (traditionally)Written: c. 560-540 BCReading time: ~5 minVerses: 43
WisdomTempleDivisionApostasyProphetsJudgment

King James Version

1 Kings 20

43 verses with commentary

Ben-Hadad Attacks Samaria

And Benhadad the king of Syria gathered all his host together: and there were thirty and two kings with him, and horses, and chariots: and he went up and besieged Samaria, and warred against it.

View commentary (4 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And Ben-hadad the king of Syria gathered all his host together: and there were thirty and two kings with him, and horses, and chariots: and he went up and besieged Samaria, and warred against it.</strong><br><br>This verse contributes to the broader narrative of ahab's wars with syria, within the book's focus on prophetic ministry of Elijah confronting Baalism. <br><br>The Hebrew text reve...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(1) **Ben-hadad.**—This is the inherited title of the Syrian kings. (See Amos 1:4; Jeremiah 49:27.) From the allusion in 1Kings 20:34 it appears that this Ben-hadad was the son of a king who had been victorious against Omri—possibly pushing still further the advantage gained in the time of Baasha. It is evident that he assumed, perhaps by inheritance, a sovereignty over Israel. **Thirty and two ki...
Read full commentary →

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**16-17. two hundred targets, six hundred shekels--**These defensive arms were anciently made of wood and covered with leather; those were covered with fine gold. 600 shekels were used in the gilding of each target--300 for each shield. They were intended for the state armory of the palace (see 1Ki 14:26).

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 20 Chapter Outline Sheba's rebellion.(1-3) Amasa slain by Joab.(4-13) Sheba takes refuge in Abel.(14-22) David's officers.(23-26) **Verses 1-3** One trial arises after another for our good, till we reach the place where sin and sorrow are for ever done away. Angry disputers misunderstand or misconstrue one another's words; proud men will have every thing their own...
Read full commentary →

And he sent messengers to Ahab king of Israel into the city, and said unto him, Thus saith Benhadad,

View commentary (3 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And he sent messengers to Ahab king of Israel into the city, and said unto him, Thus saith Ben-hadad,</strong><br><br>This verse contributes to the broader narrative of ahab's wars with syria, within the book's focus on prophetic ministry of Elijah confronting Baalism. <br><br>The Hebrew text reveals nuances important for understanding this passage's contribution to 1 Kings' theological me...
Read full commentary →

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**16-17. two hundred targets, six hundred shekels--**These defensive arms were anciently made of wood and covered with leather; those were covered with fine gold. 600 shekels were used in the gilding of each target--300 for each shield. They were intended for the state armory of the palace (see 1Ki 14:26).

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 20 Chapter Outline Sheba's rebellion.(1-3) Amasa slain by Joab.(4-13) Sheba takes refuge in Abel.(14-22) David's officers.(23-26) **Verses 1-3** One trial arises after another for our good, till we reach the place where sin and sorrow are for ever done away. Angry disputers misunderstand or misconstrue one another's words; proud men will have every thing their own...
Read full commentary →

Thy silver and thy gold is mine; thy wives also and thy children, even the goodliest, are mine.

View commentary (3 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Thy silver and thy gold is mine; thy wives also and thy children, even the goodliest, are mine.</strong><br><br>This verse contributes to the broader narrative of ahab's wars with syria, within the book's focus on prophetic ministry of Elijah confronting Baalism. <br><br>The Hebrew text reveals nuances important for understanding this passage's contribution to 1 Kings' theological message ...
Read full commentary →

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**18-26. a great throne of ivory--**It seems to have been made not of solid ivory, but veneered. It was in the form of an armchair, with a carved back. The ascent to it was by six steps, on each of which stood lions, in place of a railing--while a lion, probably of gilt metal, stood at each side, which, we may suppose from the analogy of other Oriental thrones, supported a canopy. A golden footsto...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 20 Chapter Outline Sheba's rebellion.(1-3) Amasa slain by Joab.(4-13) Sheba takes refuge in Abel.(14-22) David's officers.(23-26) **Verses 1-3** One trial arises after another for our good, till we reach the place where sin and sorrow are for ever done away. Angry disputers misunderstand or misconstrue one another's words; proud men will have every thing their own...
Read full commentary →

And the king of Israel answered and said, My lord, O king, according to thy saying, I am thine, and all that I have.

View commentary (3 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And the king of Israel answered and said, My lord, O king, according to thy saying, I am thine, and all that I have.</strong><br><br>This verse contributes to the broader narrative of ahab's wars with syria, within the book's focus on prophetic ministry of Elijah confronting Baalism. <br><br>The Hebrew text reveals nuances important for understanding this passage's contribution to 1 Kings'...
Read full commentary →

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**18-26. a great throne of ivory--**It seems to have been made not of solid ivory, but veneered. It was in the form of an armchair, with a carved back. The ascent to it was by six steps, on each of which stood lions, in place of a railing--while a lion, probably of gilt metal, stood at each side, which, we may suppose from the analogy of other Oriental thrones, supported a canopy. A golden footsto...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 4-13** Joab barbarously murdered Amasa. The more plot there is in a sin, the worse it is. Joab contentedly sacrificed the interest both of the king and the kingdom to his personal revenge. But one would wonder with what face a murderer could pursue a traitor; and how, under such a load of guilt, he had courage to enter upon danger: his conscience was seared.

And the messengers came again, and said, Thus speaketh Benhadad, saying, Although I have sent unto thee, saying, Thou shalt deliver me thy silver, and thy gold, and thy wives, and thy children;

View commentary (3 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And the messengers came again, and said, Thus speaketh Ben-hadad, saying, Although I have sent unto thee, saying, Thou shalt deliver me thy silver, and thy gold, and thy wives, and thy children;</strong><br><br>This verse contributes to the broader narrative of ahab's wars with syria, within the book's focus on prophetic ministry of Elijah confronting Baalism. <br><br>The Hebrew text revea...
Read full commentary →

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**18-26. a great throne of ivory--**It seems to have been made not of solid ivory, but veneered. It was in the form of an armchair, with a carved back. The ascent to it was by six steps, on each of which stood lions, in place of a railing--while a lion, probably of gilt metal, stood at each side, which, we may suppose from the analogy of other Oriental thrones, supported a canopy. A golden footsto...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 4-13** Joab barbarously murdered Amasa. The more plot there is in a sin, the worse it is. Joab contentedly sacrificed the interest both of the king and the kingdom to his personal revenge. But one would wonder with what face a murderer could pursue a traitor; and how, under such a load of guilt, he had courage to enter upon danger: his conscience was seared.

Yet I will send my servants unto thee to morrow about this time, and they shall search thine house, and the houses of thy servants; and it shall be, that whatsoever is pleasant in thine eyes, they shall put it in their hand, and take it away. pleasant: Heb. desirable

View commentary (4 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Yet I will send my servants unto thee to morrow about this time, and they shall search thine house, and the houses of thy servants; and it shall be, that whatsoever is pleasant in thine eyes, they shall put it in their hand, and take it away.</strong><br><br>This verse contributes to the broader narrative of ahab's wars with syria, within the book's focus on prophetic ministry of Elijah co...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(6) **Whatsoever is pleasant.**—The demand, which is virtually for the plunder of Samaria, probably neither expects nor desires acceptance, and is therefore a refusal of all but unconditional surrender. It is notable that in the last extremity Ahab falls back on an exceptional appeal to the patriotism of the people. The “elders of the land” (evidently present in Samaria at this time) were the repr...
Read full commentary →

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**18-26. a great throne of ivory--**It seems to have been made not of solid ivory, but veneered. It was in the form of an armchair, with a carved back. The ascent to it was by six steps, on each of which stood lions, in place of a railing--while a lion, probably of gilt metal, stood at each side, which, we may suppose from the analogy of other Oriental thrones, supported a canopy. A golden footsto...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 4-13** Joab barbarously murdered Amasa. The more plot there is in a sin, the worse it is. Joab contentedly sacrificed the interest both of the king and the kingdom to his personal revenge. But one would wonder with what face a murderer could pursue a traitor; and how, under such a load of guilt, he had courage to enter upon danger: his conscience was seared.

Then the king of Israel called all the elders of the land, and said, Mark, I pray you, and see how this man seeketh mischief: for he sent unto me for my wives, and for my children, and for my silver, and for my gold; and I denied him not. I denied: Heb. I kept not back from him

View commentary (3 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Then the king of Israel called all the elders of the land, and said, Mark, I pray you, and see how this man seeketh mischief: for he sent unto me for my wives, and for my children, and for my silver, and for my gold; and I denied him not.</strong><br><br>This verse contributes to the broader narrative of ahab's wars with syria, within the book's focus on prophetic ministry of Elijah confro...
Read full commentary →

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**18-26. a great throne of ivory--**It seems to have been made not of solid ivory, but veneered. It was in the form of an armchair, with a carved back. The ascent to it was by six steps, on each of which stood lions, in place of a railing--while a lion, probably of gilt metal, stood at each side, which, we may suppose from the analogy of other Oriental thrones, supported a canopy. A golden footsto...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 4-13** Joab barbarously murdered Amasa. The more plot there is in a sin, the worse it is. Joab contentedly sacrificed the interest both of the king and the kingdom to his personal revenge. But one would wonder with what face a murderer could pursue a traitor; and how, under such a load of guilt, he had courage to enter upon danger: his conscience was seared.

And all the elders and all the people said unto him, Hearken not unto him, nor consent.

View commentary (3 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And all the elders and all the people said unto him, Hearken not unto him, nor consent.</strong><br><br>This verse contributes to the broader narrative of ahab's wars with syria, within the book's focus on prophetic ministry of Elijah confronting Baalism. <br><br>The Hebrew text reveals nuances important for understanding this passage's contribution to 1 Kings' theological message about ki...
Read full commentary →

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**18-26. a great throne of ivory--**It seems to have been made not of solid ivory, but veneered. It was in the form of an armchair, with a carved back. The ascent to it was by six steps, on each of which stood lions, in place of a railing--while a lion, probably of gilt metal, stood at each side, which, we may suppose from the analogy of other Oriental thrones, supported a canopy. A golden footsto...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 4-13** Joab barbarously murdered Amasa. The more plot there is in a sin, the worse it is. Joab contentedly sacrificed the interest both of the king and the kingdom to his personal revenge. But one would wonder with what face a murderer could pursue a traitor; and how, under such a load of guilt, he had courage to enter upon danger: his conscience was seared.

Wherefore he said unto the messengers of Benhadad, Tell my lord the king, All that thou didst send for to thy servant at the first I will do: but this thing I may not do. And the messengers departed, and brought him word again.

View commentary (3 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Wherefore he said unto the messengers of Ben-hadad, Tell my lord the king, All that thou didst send for to thy servant at the first I will do: but this thing I may not do. And the messengers departed, and brought him word again.</strong><br><br>This verse contributes to the broader narrative of ahab's wars with syria, within the book's focus on prophetic ministry of Elijah confronting Baal...
Read full commentary →

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**18-26. a great throne of ivory--**It seems to have been made not of solid ivory, but veneered. It was in the form of an armchair, with a carved back. The ascent to it was by six steps, on each of which stood lions, in place of a railing--while a lion, probably of gilt metal, stood at each side, which, we may suppose from the analogy of other Oriental thrones, supported a canopy. A golden footsto...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 4-13** Joab barbarously murdered Amasa. The more plot there is in a sin, the worse it is. Joab contentedly sacrificed the interest both of the king and the kingdom to his personal revenge. But one would wonder with what face a murderer could pursue a traitor; and how, under such a load of guilt, he had courage to enter upon danger: his conscience was seared.

And Benhadad sent unto him, and said, The gods do so unto me, and more also, if the dust of Samaria shall suffice for handfuls for all the people that follow me. follow: Heb. are at my feet

View commentary (4 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And Ben-hadad sent unto him, and said, The gods do so unto me, and more also, if the dust of Samaria shall suffice for handfuls for all the people that follow me.</strong><br><br>This verse contributes to the broader narrative of ahab's wars with syria, within the book's focus on prophetic ministry of Elijah confronting Baalism. <br><br>The Hebrew text reveals nuances important for underst...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(10) **The dust of Samaria**—when razed to the ground. The phrase probably implies a threat of destruction, as well as a boast of overwhelming strength. Josephus (*Ant. *viii. 14, 2) has a curious explanation—that, if each of the Syrians took only a handful of dust, they could raise a mound against the city, higher than the walls of Samaria. The historian, with a touch of patriotic scorn, paints B...
Read full commentary →

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**18-26. a great throne of ivory--**It seems to have been made not of solid ivory, but veneered. It was in the form of an armchair, with a carved back. The ascent to it was by six steps, on each of which stood lions, in place of a railing--while a lion, probably of gilt metal, stood at each side, which, we may suppose from the analogy of other Oriental thrones, supported a canopy. A golden footsto...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 4-13** Joab barbarously murdered Amasa. The more plot there is in a sin, the worse it is. Joab contentedly sacrificed the interest both of the king and the kingdom to his personal revenge. But one would wonder with what face a murderer could pursue a traitor; and how, under such a load of guilt, he had courage to enter upon danger: his conscience was seared.

And the king of Israel answered and said, Tell him, Let not him that girdeth on his harness boast himself as he that putteth it off.

View commentary (3 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And the king of Israel answered and said, Tell him, Let not him that girdeth on his harness boast himself as he that putteth it off.</strong><br><br>This verse contributes to the broader narrative of ahab's wars with syria, within the book's focus on prophetic ministry of Elijah confronting Baalism. <br><br>The Hebrew text reveals nuances important for understanding this passage's contribu...
Read full commentary →

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**18-26. a great throne of ivory--**It seems to have been made not of solid ivory, but veneered. It was in the form of an armchair, with a carved back. The ascent to it was by six steps, on each of which stood lions, in place of a railing--while a lion, probably of gilt metal, stood at each side, which, we may suppose from the analogy of other Oriental thrones, supported a canopy. A golden footsto...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 4-13** Joab barbarously murdered Amasa. The more plot there is in a sin, the worse it is. Joab contentedly sacrificed the interest both of the king and the kingdom to his personal revenge. But one would wonder with what face a murderer could pursue a traitor; and how, under such a load of guilt, he had courage to enter upon danger: his conscience was seared.

And it came to pass, when Benhadad heard this message, as he was drinking, he and the kings in the pavilions, that he said unto his servants, Set yourselves in array. And they set themselves in array against the city. message: Heb. word pavilions: or, tents Set yourselves: or, Place the engines. And they placed the engines

View commentary (2 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And it came to pass, when Ben-hadad heard this message, as he was drinking, he and the kings in the pavilions, that he said unto his servants, Set yourselves in array. And they set themselves in array against the city.</strong><br><br>This verse contributes to the broader narrative of ahab's wars with syria, within the book's focus on prophetic ministry of Elijah confronting Baalism. <br><...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 4-13** Joab barbarously murdered Amasa. The more plot there is in a sin, the worse it is. Joab contentedly sacrificed the interest both of the king and the kingdom to his personal revenge. But one would wonder with what face a murderer could pursue a traitor; and how, under such a load of guilt, he had courage to enter upon danger: his conscience was seared.

Ahab Defeats Ben-Hadad

And, behold, there came a prophet unto Ahab king of Israel, saying, Thus saith the LORD, Hast thou seen all this great multitude? behold, I will deliver it into thine hand this day; and thou shalt know that I am the LORD. came: Heb. approached

View commentary (3 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And, behold, there came a prophet unto Ahab king of Israel, saying, Thus saith the LORD, Hast thou seen all this great multitude? behold, I will deliver it into thine hand this day; and thou shalt know that I am the LORD.</strong><br><br>This verse contributes to the broader narrative of ahab's wars with syria, within the book's focus on prophetic ministry of Elijah confronting Baalism. Th...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(13) **There came** **a prophet.**—The appearance of this unknown prophet evidently shows (see also 1Kings 22:6-7) that Ahab’s enmity to the prophetic order was over since the great day at Carmel, and that the schools of the prophets were forming themselves again—perhaps not free from connection with the idolatry of Jeroboam, but safe from all attacks from the worshippers of Baal. It is notable th...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 4-13** Joab barbarously murdered Amasa. The more plot there is in a sin, the worse it is. Joab contentedly sacrificed the interest both of the king and the kingdom to his personal revenge. But one would wonder with what face a murderer could pursue a traitor; and how, under such a load of guilt, he had courage to enter upon danger: his conscience was seared.

And Ahab said, By whom? And he said, Thus saith the LORD, Even by the young men of the princes of the provinces. Then he said, Who shall order the battle? And he answered, Thou. young: or, servants order: Heb. bind, or, tie

View commentary (3 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And Ahab said, By whom? And he said, Thus saith the LORD, Even by the young men of the princes of the provinces. Then he said, Who shall order the battle? And he answered, Thou.</strong><br><br>This verse contributes to the broader narrative of ahab's wars with syria, within the book's focus on prophetic ministry of Elijah confronting Baalism. <br><br>The Hebrew text reveals nuances import...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(14) **Who shall order the battle?**—The marginal reading seems right, “Who shall give battle?” “Who shall begin the fray?”

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 14-22** Justly is that place attacked, which dares to harbour a traitor; nor will the heart fare better which indulges rebellious lusts, that will not have Christ to reign over them. A discreet woman, by her prudent management, satisfied Joab, and yet saved the city. Wisdom is not confined to rank or sex; it consists not in deep knowledge; but in understanding how to act as matters ar...
Read full commentary →

Then he numbered the young men of the princes of the provinces, and they were two hundred and thirty two: and after them he numbered all the people, even all the children of Israel, being seven thousand.

View commentary (3 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Then he numbered the young men of the princes of the provinces, and they were two hundred and thirty two: and after them he numbered all the people, even all the children of Israel, being seven thousand.</strong><br><br>This verse contributes to the broader narrative of ahab's wars with syria, within the book's focus on prophetic ministry of Elijah confronting Baalism. <br><br>The Hebrew t...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(15) **The young men**—*i.e., *the attendants or armour-bearers of the territorial chiefs, no doubt picked men and well armed. The whole garrison is stated as seven thousand—enough, perhaps, to man the walls, but wholly unfit to take the field. The sally is made at noon, when (as Josephus relates) the besiegers were resting unarmed in the heat of the day.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 14-22** Justly is that place attacked, which dares to harbour a traitor; nor will the heart fare better which indulges rebellious lusts, that will not have Christ to reign over them. A discreet woman, by her prudent management, satisfied Joab, and yet saved the city. Wisdom is not confined to rank or sex; it consists not in deep knowledge; but in understanding how to act as matters ar...
Read full commentary →

And they went out at noon. But Benhadad was drinking himself drunk in the pavilions, he and the kings, the thirty and two kings that helped him.

View commentary (3 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And they went out at noon. But Ben-hadad was drinking himself drunk in the pavilions, he and the kings, the thirty and two kings that helped him.</strong><br><br>This verse contributes to the broader narrative of ahab's wars with syria, within the book's focus on prophetic ministry of Elijah confronting Baalism. <br><br>The Hebrew text reveals nuances important for understanding this passa...
Read full commentary →

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

CHAPTER 11 1Ki 11:1-8. Solomon's Wives and Concubines in His Old Age. **1-2. But King Solomon loved many strange women--**Solomon's extraordinary gift of wisdom was not sufficient to preserve him from falling into grievous and fatal errors. A fairer promise of true greatness, a more beautiful picture of juvenile piety, never was seen than that which he exhibited at the commencement of his reig...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 14-22** Justly is that place attacked, which dares to harbour a traitor; nor will the heart fare better which indulges rebellious lusts, that will not have Christ to reign over them. A discreet woman, by her prudent management, satisfied Joab, and yet saved the city. Wisdom is not confined to rank or sex; it consists not in deep knowledge; but in understanding how to act as matters ar...
Read full commentary →

And the young men of the princes of the provinces went out first; and Benhadad sent out, and they told him, saying, There are men come out of Samaria.

View commentary (3 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And the young men of the princes of the provinces went out first; and Ben-hadad sent out, and they told him, saying, There are men come out of Samaria.</strong><br><br>This verse contributes to the broader narrative of ahab's wars with syria, within the book's focus on prophetic ministry of Elijah confronting Baalism. <br><br>The Hebrew text reveals nuances important for understanding this...
Read full commentary →

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

CHAPTER 11 1Ki 11:1-8. Solomon's Wives and Concubines in His Old Age. **1-2. But King Solomon loved many strange women--**Solomon's extraordinary gift of wisdom was not sufficient to preserve him from falling into grievous and fatal errors. A fairer promise of true greatness, a more beautiful picture of juvenile piety, never was seen than that which he exhibited at the commencement of his reig...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 14-22** Justly is that place attacked, which dares to harbour a traitor; nor will the heart fare better which indulges rebellious lusts, that will not have Christ to reign over them. A discreet woman, by her prudent management, satisfied Joab, and yet saved the city. Wisdom is not confined to rank or sex; it consists not in deep knowledge; but in understanding how to act as matters ar...
Read full commentary →

And he said, Whether they be come out for peace, take them alive; or whether they be come out for war, take them alive.

View commentary (3 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And he said, Whether they be come out for peace, take them alive; or whether they be come out for war, take them alive.</strong><br><br>This verse contributes to the broader narrative of ahab's wars with syria, within the book's focus on prophetic ministry of Elijah confronting Baalism. <br><br>The Hebrew text reveals nuances important for understanding this passage's contribution to 1 Kin...
Read full commentary →

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**3. he had seven hundred wives, princesses--**They were, probably, according to an existing custom, the daughters of tributary chiefs, given as hostages for good conduct of their fathers. **concubines--**were legitimate, but lower or secondary wives. These the chief or first wife regards without the smallest jealousy or regret, as they look up to her with feelings of respectful submission. Solo...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 14-22** Justly is that place attacked, which dares to harbour a traitor; nor will the heart fare better which indulges rebellious lusts, that will not have Christ to reign over them. A discreet woman, by her prudent management, satisfied Joab, and yet saved the city. Wisdom is not confined to rank or sex; it consists not in deep knowledge; but in understanding how to act as matters ar...
Read full commentary →

So these young men of the princes of the provinces came out of the city, and the army which followed them.

View commentary (3 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>So these young men of the princes of the provinces came out of the city, and the army which followed them.</strong><br><br>This verse contributes to the broader narrative of ahab's wars with syria, within the book's focus on prophetic ministry of Elijah confronting Baalism. <br><br>The Hebrew text reveals nuances important for understanding this passage's contribution to 1 Kings' theologic...
Read full commentary →

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**4. when Solomon was old--**He could not have been more than fifty. **his wives turned away his heart after other gods--**Some, considering the lapse of Solomon into idolatry as a thing incredible, regard him as merely humoring his wives in the practice of their superstition; and, in countenancing their respective rites by his presence, as giving only an outward homage--a sensible worship, in w...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 14-22** Justly is that place attacked, which dares to harbour a traitor; nor will the heart fare better which indulges rebellious lusts, that will not have Christ to reign over them. A discreet woman, by her prudent management, satisfied Joab, and yet saved the city. Wisdom is not confined to rank or sex; it consists not in deep knowledge; but in understanding how to act as matters ar...
Read full commentary →

And they slew every one his man: and the Syrians fled; and Israel pursued them: and Benhadad the king of Syria escaped on an horse with the horsemen.

View commentary (4 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And they slew every one his man: and the Syrians fled; and Israel pursued them: and Ben-hadad the king of Syria escaped on an horse with the horsemen.</strong><br><br>This verse contributes to the broader narrative of ahab's wars with syria, within the book's focus on prophetic ministry of Elijah confronting Baalism. <br><br>The Hebrew text reveals nuances important for understanding this ...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(20) **And they slew . . .**—The attack of this handful of men, supported by a sally of the whole garrison, is not unlike the slaughter of the Philistine garrison and host in the days of Saul (1 Samuel 14), or the still earlier rout of the army of Midian by the night attack of Gideon (Judges 7:16-23). Probably, as in these cases, the Israelites may have risen from various lurking-places to join in...
Read full commentary →

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**5-7. Ashtoreth--**Astarte, **Milcom--**Molech, **and Chemosh--**He built altars for these three; but, although he is described (1Ki 11:8) as doing the same for "all his strange wives," there is no evidence that they had idols distinct from these; and there is no trace whatever of Egyptian idolatry.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 14-22** Justly is that place attacked, which dares to harbour a traitor; nor will the heart fare better which indulges rebellious lusts, that will not have Christ to reign over them. A discreet woman, by her prudent management, satisfied Joab, and yet saved the city. Wisdom is not confined to rank or sex; it consists not in deep knowledge; but in understanding how to act as matters ar...
Read full commentary →

And the king of Israel went out, and smote the horses and chariots, and slew the Syrians with a great slaughter.

View commentary (3 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And the king of Israel went out, and smote the horses and chariots, and slew the Syrians with a great slaughter.</strong><br><br>This verse contributes to the broader narrative of ahab's wars with syria, within the book's focus on prophetic ministry of Elijah confronting Baalism. <br><br>The Hebrew text reveals nuances important for understanding this passage's contribution to 1 Kings' the...
Read full commentary →

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**5-7. Ashtoreth--**Astarte, **Milcom--**Molech, **and Chemosh--**He built altars for these three; but, although he is described (1Ki 11:8) as doing the same for "all his strange wives," there is no evidence that they had idols distinct from these; and there is no trace whatever of Egyptian idolatry.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 14-22** Justly is that place attacked, which dares to harbour a traitor; nor will the heart fare better which indulges rebellious lusts, that will not have Christ to reign over them. A discreet woman, by her prudent management, satisfied Joab, and yet saved the city. Wisdom is not confined to rank or sex; it consists not in deep knowledge; but in understanding how to act as matters ar...
Read full commentary →

And the prophet came to the king of Israel, and said unto him, Go, strengthen thyself, and mark, and see what thou doest: for at the return of the year the king of Syria will come up against thee.

View commentary (4 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And the prophet came to the king of Israel, and said unto him, Go, strengthen thyself, and mark, and see what thou doest: for at the return of the year the king of Syria will come up against thee.</strong><br><br>This verse contributes to the broader narrative of ahab's wars with syria, within the book's focus on prophetic ministry of Elijah confronting Baalism. The prophetic office repres...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(22) **The return of the year.**—The early part of the next year, after the winter was over, “when kings go out to battle” (2Samuel 11:1)**.**

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**5-7. Ashtoreth--**Astarte, **Milcom--**Molech, **and Chemosh--**He built altars for these three; but, although he is described (1Ki 11:8) as doing the same for "all his strange wives," there is no evidence that they had idols distinct from these; and there is no trace whatever of Egyptian idolatry.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 14-22** Justly is that place attacked, which dares to harbour a traitor; nor will the heart fare better which indulges rebellious lusts, that will not have Christ to reign over them. A discreet woman, by her prudent management, satisfied Joab, and yet saved the city. Wisdom is not confined to rank or sex; it consists not in deep knowledge; but in understanding how to act as matters ar...
Read full commentary →

Another Victory Over Ben-Hadad

And the servants of the king of Syria said unto him, Their gods are gods of the hills; therefore they were stronger than we; but let us fight against them in the plain, and surely we shall be stronger than they.

View commentary (4 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And the servants of the king of Syria said unto him, Their gods are gods of the hills; therefore they were stronger than we; but let us fight against them in the plain, and surely we shall be stronger than they.</strong><br><br>This verse contributes to the broader narrative of ahab's wars with syria, within the book's focus on prophetic ministry of Elijah confronting Baalism. <br><br>The ...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(23) **Gods of the hills.**—The idea of tutelary gods, whose strength was greatest on their own soil, is naturally common in polytheistic religions, which, by the very multiplication of gods, imply limitation of the power of each. Now the greater part of the territory where Jehovah was worshipped was a hill-country. Samaria in particular, the scene of recent defeat, lay in the mountain region of E...
Read full commentary →

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**8. burnt incense and sacrificed unto their gods--**The first was considered a higher act of homage, and is often used as synonymous with worship (2Ki 22:17; 23:5). 1Ki 11:9-13. God Threatens Him.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 23-26** Here is the state of David's court, after his restoration. It is well when able men are appointed to discharge public duties; let all seek to perform those duties, as faithful servants to the Son of David.

And do this thing, Take the kings away, every man out of his place, and put captains in their rooms:

View commentary (3 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And do this thing, Take the kings away, every man out of his place, and put captains in their rooms:</strong><br><br>This verse contributes to the broader narrative of ahab's wars with syria, within the book's focus on prophetic ministry of Elijah confronting Baalism. <br><br>The Hebrew text reveals nuances important for understanding this passage's contribution to 1 Kings' theological mes...
Read full commentary →

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**9-12. the Lord was angry with Solomon--**The divine appearance, first at Gibeon [1Ki 3:5], and then at Jerusalem [1Ki 9:2], after the dedication of the temple, with the warnings given him on both occasions [1Ki 3:11-14; 9:3-9], had left Solomon inexcusable; and it was proper and necessary that on one who had been so signally favored with the gifts of Heaven, but who had grossly abused them, a te...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 23-26** Here is the state of David's court, after his restoration. It is well when able men are appointed to discharge public duties; let all seek to perform those duties, as faithful servants to the Son of David.

And number thee an army, like the army that thou hast lost, horse for horse, and chariot for chariot: and we will fight against them in the plain, and surely we shall be stronger than they. And he hearkened unto their voice, and did so. that thou: Heb. that was fallen

View commentary (3 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And number thee an army, like the army that thou hast lost, horse for horse, and chariot for chariot: and we will fight against them in the plain, and surely we shall be stronger than they. And he hearkened unto their voice, and did so.</strong><br><br>This verse contributes to the broader narrative of ahab's wars with syria, within the book's focus on prophetic ministry of Elijah confront...
Read full commentary →

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**9-12. the Lord was angry with Solomon--**The divine appearance, first at Gibeon [1Ki 3:5], and then at Jerusalem [1Ki 9:2], after the dedication of the temple, with the warnings given him on both occasions [1Ki 3:11-14; 9:3-9], had left Solomon inexcusable; and it was proper and necessary that on one who had been so signally favored with the gifts of Heaven, but who had grossly abused them, a te...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 23-26** Here is the state of David's court, after his restoration. It is well when able men are appointed to discharge public duties; let all seek to perform those duties, as faithful servants to the Son of David.

And it came to pass at the return of the year, that Benhadad numbered the Syrians, and went up to Aphek, to fight against Israel. to fight: Heb. to the war with Israel

View commentary (4 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And it came to pass at the return of the year, that Ben-hadad numbered the Syrians, and went up to Aphek, to fight against Israel.</strong><br><br>This verse contributes to the broader narrative of ahab's wars with syria, within the book's focus on prophetic ministry of Elijah confronting Baalism. <br><br>The Hebrew text reveals nuances important for understanding this passage's contributi...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(26) **Aphek.**—The name, signifying simply a “fortress,” as applied to several different places. There are two places which suit well enough with the Aphek of this passage and 2Kings 13:17, as being a battlefield in the plain country between Israel and Syria. One is the Aphek of 1Samuel 29:1, evidently in the plain of Esdraelon; the other a place on the road to Damascus, about six miles east of t...
Read full commentary →

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**9-12. the Lord was angry with Solomon--**The divine appearance, first at Gibeon [1Ki 3:5], and then at Jerusalem [1Ki 9:2], after the dedication of the temple, with the warnings given him on both occasions [1Ki 3:11-14; 9:3-9], had left Solomon inexcusable; and it was proper and necessary that on one who had been so signally favored with the gifts of Heaven, but who had grossly abused them, a te...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 23-26** Here is the state of David's court, after his restoration. It is well when able men are appointed to discharge public duties; let all seek to perform those duties, as faithful servants to the Son of David.

And the children of Israel were numbered, and were all present, and went against them: and the children of Israel pitched before them like two little flocks of kids; but the Syrians filled the country. were all: or, were nourished

View commentary (4 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And the children of Israel were numbered, and were all present, and went against them: and the children of Israel pitched before them like two little flocks of kids; but the Syrians filled the country.</strong><br><br>This verse contributes to the broader narrative of ahab's wars with syria, within the book's focus on prophetic ministry of Elijah confronting Baalism. <br><br>The Hebrew tex...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(27) **Were all present.**—The marginal reading “were victualled,” or, perhaps, more generally, “were supplied,” with all things necessary for war, seems correct. The comparatively small number of the Israelite forces, even after the great victory of the year before, appears to show that, previous to the siege of Samaria, Ahab had suffered some great defeats, which had broken the strength of Israe...
Read full commentary →

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**9-12. the Lord was angry with Solomon--**The divine appearance, first at Gibeon [1Ki 3:5], and then at Jerusalem [1Ki 9:2], after the dedication of the temple, with the warnings given him on both occasions [1Ki 3:11-14; 9:3-9], had left Solomon inexcusable; and it was proper and necessary that on one who had been so signally favored with the gifts of Heaven, but who had grossly abused them, a te...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 20 Chapter Outline Sheba's rebellion.(1-3) Amasa slain by Joab.(4-13) Sheba takes refuge in Abel.(14-22) David's officers.(23-26) **Verses 1-3** One trial arises after another for our good, till we reach the place where sin and sorrow are for ever done away. Angry disputers misunderstand or misconstrue one another's words; proud men will have every thing their own...
Read full commentary →

And there came a man of God, and spake unto the king of Israel, and said, Thus saith the LORD, Because the Syrians have said, The LORD is God of the hills, but he is not God of the valleys, therefore will I deliver all this great multitude into thine hand, and ye shall know that I am the LORD.

View commentary (4 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And there came a man of God, and spake unto the king of Israel, and said, Thus saith the LORD, Because the Syrians have said, The LORD is God of the hills, but he is not God of the valleys, therefore will I deliver all this great multitude into thine hand, and ye shall know that I am the LORD.</strong><br><br>This verse contributes to the broader narrative of ahab's wars with syria, within...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(28)**A man of God**—apparently not the same as before. We see from 1Kings 20:35 that the prophetic order was now numerous. The vindication of the majesty of God before the Syrians, as well as before Israel—like the more celebrated case of the rebuke of the blasphemy of Sennacherib (2Kings 19:16-34)—is in accordance with the prayer of Solomon, or the similar utterances in the Psalms (Psalm 67:2; P...
Read full commentary →

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**13. I will give one tribe to thy son--**There were left to Rehoboam the tribes of Judah, Benjamin, and Levi (2Ch 11:12, 13); and multitudes of Israelites, who, after the schism of the kingdom, established their residence within the territory of Judah to enjoy the privileges of the true religion (1Ki 12:17). These are all reckoned as one tribe. 1Ki 11:14-40. Solomon's Adversaries.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 20 Chapter Outline Sheba's rebellion.(1-3) Amasa slain by Joab.(4-13) Sheba takes refuge in Abel.(14-22) David's officers.(23-26) **Verses 1-3** One trial arises after another for our good, till we reach the place where sin and sorrow are for ever done away. Angry disputers misunderstand or misconstrue one another's words; proud men will have every thing their own...
Read full commentary →

And they pitched one over against the other seven days. And so it was, that in the seventh day the battle was joined: and the children of Israel slew of the Syrians an hundred thousand footmen in one day.

View commentary (3 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And they pitched one over against the other seven days. And so it was, that in the seventh day the battle was joined: and the children of Israel slew of the Syrians an hundred thousand footmen in one day.</strong><br><br>This verse contributes to the broader narrative of ahab's wars with syria, within the book's focus on prophetic ministry of Elijah confronting Baalism. <br><br>The Hebrew ...
Read full commentary →

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**14-25. the Lord stirred up an adversary--**that is, permitted him, through the impulse of his own ambition, or revenge, to attack Israel. During the war of extermination, which Joab carried on in Edom (2Sa 8:13), this Hadad, of the royal family, a mere boy when rescued from the sword of the ruthless conqueror, was carried into Egypt, hospitably entertained, and became allied with the house of th...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 20 Chapter Outline Sheba's rebellion.(1-3) Amasa slain by Joab.(4-13) Sheba takes refuge in Abel.(14-22) David's officers.(23-26) **Verses 1-3** One trial arises after another for our good, till we reach the place where sin and sorrow are for ever done away. Angry disputers misunderstand or misconstrue one another's words; proud men will have every thing their own...
Read full commentary →

But the rest fled to Aphek, into the city; and there a wall fell upon twenty and seven thousand of the men that were left. And Benhadad fled, and came into the city, into an inner chamber. into an: or, from chamber to chamber: Heb. into a chamber within a chamber

View commentary (4 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>But the rest fled to Aphek, into the city; and there a wall fell upon twenty and seven thousand of the men that were left. And Ben-hadad fled, and came into the city, into an inner chamber.</strong><br><br>This verse contributes to the broader narrative of ahab's wars with syria, within the book's focus on prophetic ministry of Elijah confronting Baalism. <br><br>The Hebrew text reveals nu...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(30) **A wall**—properly, *the wall of the city, *whether falling by earthquake, or in the storming of the place, by Israel. The numbers in the text are very large, as in many other instances. It is possible (see Introduction) that there may be corruption, although the same numbers are found in the ancient versions. But the massing in small space of Oriental armies, and the extra ordinary slaughte...
Read full commentary →

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**14-25. the Lord stirred up an adversary--**that is, permitted him, through the impulse of his own ambition, or revenge, to attack Israel. During the war of extermination, which Joab carried on in Edom (2Sa 8:13), this Hadad, of the royal family, a mere boy when rescued from the sword of the ruthless conqueror, was carried into Egypt, hospitably entertained, and became allied with the house of th...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 20 Chapter Outline Sheba's rebellion.(1-3) Amasa slain by Joab.(4-13) Sheba takes refuge in Abel.(14-22) David's officers.(23-26) **Verses 1-3** One trial arises after another for our good, till we reach the place where sin and sorrow are for ever done away. Angry disputers misunderstand or misconstrue one another's words; proud men will have every thing their own...
Read full commentary →

And his servants said unto him, Behold now, we have heard that the kings of the house of Israel are merciful kings: let us, I pray thee, put sackcloth on our loins, and ropes upon our heads, and go out to the king of Israel: peradventure he will save thy life.

View commentary (4 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And his servants said unto him, Behold now, we have heard that the kings of the house of Israel are merciful kings: let us, I pray thee, put sackcloth on our loins, and ropes upon our heads, and go out to the king of Israel: peradventure he will save thy life.</strong><br><br>This verse contributes to the broader narrative of ahab's wars with syria, within the book's focus on prophetic min...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(31) **Ropes upon our heads**—like “the ropes round the necks” of the burghers of Calais, in the days of Edward III. The envoys offer themselves as naked, helpless criminals, to sue for mercy.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**14-25. the Lord stirred up an adversary--**that is, permitted him, through the impulse of his own ambition, or revenge, to attack Israel. During the war of extermination, which Joab carried on in Edom (2Sa 8:13), this Hadad, of the royal family, a mere boy when rescued from the sword of the ruthless conqueror, was carried into Egypt, hospitably entertained, and became allied with the house of th...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 20 Chapter Outline Sheba's rebellion.(1-3) Amasa slain by Joab.(4-13) Sheba takes refuge in Abel.(14-22) David's officers.(23-26) **Verses 1-3** One trial arises after another for our good, till we reach the place where sin and sorrow are for ever done away. Angry disputers misunderstand or misconstrue one another's words; proud men will have every thing their own...
Read full commentary →

So they girded sackcloth on their loins, and put ropes on their heads, and came to the king of Israel, and said, Thy servant Benhadad saith, I pray thee, let me live . And he said, Is he yet alive? he is my brother.

View commentary (3 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>So they girded sackcloth on their loins, and put ropes on their heads, and came to the king of Israel, and said, Thy servant Ben-hadad saith, I pray thee, let me live. And he said, Is he yet alive? he is my brother.</strong><br><br>This verse contributes to the broader narrative of ahab's wars with syria, within the book's focus on prophetic ministry of Elijah confronting Baalism. <br><br>...
Read full commentary →

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**14-25. the Lord stirred up an adversary--**that is, permitted him, through the impulse of his own ambition, or revenge, to attack Israel. During the war of extermination, which Joab carried on in Edom (2Sa 8:13), this Hadad, of the royal family, a mere boy when rescued from the sword of the ruthless conqueror, was carried into Egypt, hospitably entertained, and became allied with the house of th...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 20 Chapter Outline Sheba's rebellion.(1-3) Amasa slain by Joab.(4-13) Sheba takes refuge in Abel.(14-22) David's officers.(23-26) **Verses 1-3** One trial arises after another for our good, till we reach the place where sin and sorrow are for ever done away. Angry disputers misunderstand or misconstrue one another's words; proud men will have every thing their own...
Read full commentary →

Now the men did diligently observe whether any thing would come from him, and did hastily catch it: and they said, Thy brother Benhadad. Then he said, Go ye, bring him. Then Benhadad came forth to him; and he caused him to come up into the chariot.

View commentary (4 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Now the men did diligently observe whether any thing would come from him, and did hastily catch it: and they said, Thy brother Ben-hadad. Then he said, Go ye, bring him. Then Ben-hadad came forth to him; and he caused him to come up into the chariot.</strong><br><br>This verse contributes to the broader narrative of ahab's wars with syria, within the book's focus on prophetic ministry of E...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(33) **Now the men.**—There has been much discussion of the meaning here, and some proposals of slight emendations of the reading. But the general sense seems accurately rendered by our version. “The men watched” (“as for augury,” says the LXX.), “and hasted, and caught up” (so as to make it sure) “what fell from him.” What follows may be a question, “Is Ben-hadad thy brother?” but probably the si...
Read full commentary →

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**14-25. the Lord stirred up an adversary--**that is, permitted him, through the impulse of his own ambition, or revenge, to attack Israel. During the war of extermination, which Joab carried on in Edom (2Sa 8:13), this Hadad, of the royal family, a mere boy when rescued from the sword of the ruthless conqueror, was carried into Egypt, hospitably entertained, and became allied with the house of th...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 20 Chapter Outline Sheba's rebellion.(1-3) Amasa slain by Joab.(4-13) Sheba takes refuge in Abel.(14-22) David's officers.(23-26) **Verses 1-3** One trial arises after another for our good, till we reach the place where sin and sorrow are for ever done away. Angry disputers misunderstand or misconstrue one another's words; proud men will have every thing their own...
Read full commentary →

And Benhadad said unto him, The cities, which my father took from thy father, I will restore; and thou shalt make streets for thee in Damascus, as my father made in Samaria. Then said Ahab, I will send thee away with this covenant. So he made a covenant with him, and sent him away.

View commentary (4 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And Ben-hadad said unto him, The cities, which my father took from thy father, I will restore; and thou shalt make streets for thee in Damascus, as my father made in Samaria. Then said Ahab, I will send thee away with this covenant. So he made a covenant with him, and sent him away.</strong><br><br>This verse contributes to the broader narrative of ahab's wars with syria, within the book's...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(34) **Make streets**—properly, *squares, *or *quarters of a city. *This concession implies a virtual acknowledgment of supremacy; for the right to have certain quarters for residence, for trade, perhaps even for garrison, in the capital of a king, belongs only to one who has sovereignty over him. Hence it goes beyond the significance of the restoration of the cities—conquered, it would seem, from...
Read full commentary →

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**14-25. the Lord stirred up an adversary--**that is, permitted him, through the impulse of his own ambition, or revenge, to attack Israel. During the war of extermination, which Joab carried on in Edom (2Sa 8:13), this Hadad, of the royal family, a mere boy when rescued from the sword of the ruthless conqueror, was carried into Egypt, hospitably entertained, and became allied with the house of th...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 20 Chapter Outline Sheba's rebellion.(1-3) Amasa slain by Joab.(4-13) Sheba takes refuge in Abel.(14-22) David's officers.(23-26) **Verses 1-3** One trial arises after another for our good, till we reach the place where sin and sorrow are for ever done away. Angry disputers misunderstand or misconstrue one another's words; proud men will have every thing their own...
Read full commentary →

A Prophet Condemns Ahab

And a certain man of the sons of the prophets said unto his neighbour in the word of the LORD, Smite me, I pray thee. And the man refused to smite him.

View commentary (4 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And a certain man of the sons of the prophets said unto his neighbour in the word of the LORD, Smite me, I pray thee. And the man refused to smite him.</strong><br><br>This verse contributes to the broader narrative of ahab's wars with syria, within the book's focus on prophetic ministry of Elijah confronting Baalism. The prophetic office represents God's faithful witness even in apostasy,...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(35) **A certain man**—according to Josephus, Micaiah, the son of Imlah. This tradition, or conjecture, agrees well with the subsequent narrative in 1 Kings 22. **The sons of the prophets.**—This phrase, constantly recurring in the history of Elijah and Elisha, first appears here. But the thing designated is apparently as old as the days of Samuel who is evidently surrounded by “a company” of disc...
Read full commentary →

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**14-25. the Lord stirred up an adversary--**that is, permitted him, through the impulse of his own ambition, or revenge, to attack Israel. During the war of extermination, which Joab carried on in Edom (2Sa 8:13), this Hadad, of the royal family, a mere boy when rescued from the sword of the ruthless conqueror, was carried into Egypt, hospitably entertained, and became allied with the house of th...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 20 Chapter Outline Sheba's rebellion.(1-3) Amasa slain by Joab.(4-13) Sheba takes refuge in Abel.(14-22) David's officers.(23-26) **Verses 1-3** One trial arises after another for our good, till we reach the place where sin and sorrow are for ever done away. Angry disputers misunderstand or misconstrue one another's words; proud men will have every thing their own...
Read full commentary →

Then said he unto him, Because thou hast not obeyed the voice of the LORD, behold, as soon as thou art departed from me, a lion shall slay thee. And as soon as he was departed from him, a lion found him, and slew him.

View commentary (4 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Then said he unto him, Because thou hast not obeyed the voice of the LORD, behold, as soon as thou art departed from me, a lion shall slay thee. And as soon as he was departed from him, a lion found him, and slew him.</strong><br><br>This verse contributes to the broader narrative of ahab's wars with syria, within the book's focus on prophetic ministry of Elijah confronting Baalism. <br><b...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(36) **A lion shall slay thee.**—It is obvious to compare the example of 1Kings 13:24.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**14-25. the Lord stirred up an adversary--**that is, permitted him, through the impulse of his own ambition, or revenge, to attack Israel. During the war of extermination, which Joab carried on in Edom (2Sa 8:13), this Hadad, of the royal family, a mere boy when rescued from the sword of the ruthless conqueror, was carried into Egypt, hospitably entertained, and became allied with the house of th...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 20 Chapter Outline Sheba's rebellion.(1-3) Amasa slain by Joab.(4-13) Sheba takes refuge in Abel.(14-22) David's officers.(23-26) **Verses 1-3** One trial arises after another for our good, till we reach the place where sin and sorrow are for ever done away. Angry disputers misunderstand or misconstrue one another's words; proud men will have every thing their own...
Read full commentary →

Then he found another man, and said, Smite me, I pray thee. And the man smote him, so that in smiting he wounded him. so that: Heb. smiting and wounding

View commentary (3 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Then he found another man, and said, Smite me, I pray thee. And the man smote him, so that in smiting he wounded him.</strong><br><br>This verse contributes to the broader narrative of ahab's wars with syria, within the book's focus on prophetic ministry of Elijah confronting Baalism. <br><br>The Hebrew text reveals nuances important for understanding this passage's contribution to 1 Kings...
Read full commentary →

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**14-25. the Lord stirred up an adversary--**that is, permitted him, through the impulse of his own ambition, or revenge, to attack Israel. During the war of extermination, which Joab carried on in Edom (2Sa 8:13), this Hadad, of the royal family, a mere boy when rescued from the sword of the ruthless conqueror, was carried into Egypt, hospitably entertained, and became allied with the house of th...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 20 Chapter Outline Sheba's rebellion.(1-3) Amasa slain by Joab.(4-13) Sheba takes refuge in Abel.(14-22) David's officers.(23-26) **Verses 1-3** One trial arises after another for our good, till we reach the place where sin and sorrow are for ever done away. Angry disputers misunderstand or misconstrue one another's words; proud men will have every thing their own...
Read full commentary →

So the prophet departed, and waited for the king by the way, and disguised himself with ashes upon his face.

View commentary (4 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>So the prophet departed, and waited for the king by the way, and disguised himself with ashes upon his face.</strong><br><br>This verse contributes to the broader narrative of ahab's wars with syria, within the book's focus on prophetic ministry of Elijah confronting Baalism. The prophetic office represents God's faithful witness even in apostasy, calling His people back to covenant faithf...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(38) **Ashes upon his face.**—It should be a “bandage over his head,” to cover his face, and to accord with the appearance of a wounded soldier. Unless the wound had some symbolic significance in application to Ahab or Israel, it is difficult to see what purpose it could serve.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**14-25. the Lord stirred up an adversary--**that is, permitted him, through the impulse of his own ambition, or revenge, to attack Israel. During the war of extermination, which Joab carried on in Edom (2Sa 8:13), this Hadad, of the royal family, a mere boy when rescued from the sword of the ruthless conqueror, was carried into Egypt, hospitably entertained, and became allied with the house of th...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 20 Chapter Outline Sheba's rebellion.(1-3) Amasa slain by Joab.(4-13) Sheba takes refuge in Abel.(14-22) David's officers.(23-26) **Verses 1-3** One trial arises after another for our good, till we reach the place where sin and sorrow are for ever done away. Angry disputers misunderstand or misconstrue one another's words; proud men will have every thing their own...
Read full commentary →

And as the king passed by, he cried unto the king: and he said, Thy servant went out into the midst of the battle; and, behold, a man turned aside, and brought a man unto me, and said, Keep this man: if by any means he be missing, then shall thy life be for his life, or else thou shalt pay a talent of silver. pay: Heb. weigh

View commentary (4 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And as the king passed by, he cried unto the king: and he said, Thy servant went out into the midst of the battle; and, behold, a man turned aside, and brought a man unto me, and said, Keep this man: if by any means he be missing, then shall thy life be for his life, or else thou shalt pay a talent of silver.</strong><br><br>This verse contributes to the broader narrative of ahab's wars wi...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(39) **Thy servant.**—The parable is, of course, designed (like those of 2Samuel 12:1-4; 2Samuel 14:5-11) to make Ahab condemn himself. In Ahab, however, it excites not compunction, but characteristic sullenness of displeasure, like that of 1Kings 21:4.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**14-25. the Lord stirred up an adversary--**that is, permitted him, through the impulse of his own ambition, or revenge, to attack Israel. During the war of extermination, which Joab carried on in Edom (2Sa 8:13), this Hadad, of the royal family, a mere boy when rescued from the sword of the ruthless conqueror, was carried into Egypt, hospitably entertained, and became allied with the house of th...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 20 Chapter Outline Sheba's rebellion.(1-3) Amasa slain by Joab.(4-13) Sheba takes refuge in Abel.(14-22) David's officers.(23-26) **Verses 1-3** One trial arises after another for our good, till we reach the place where sin and sorrow are for ever done away. Angry disputers misunderstand or misconstrue one another's words; proud men will have every thing their own...
Read full commentary →

And as thy servant was busy here and there, he was gone. And the king of Israel said unto him, So shall thy judgment be; thyself hast decided it. he was: Heb. he was not

View commentary (3 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And as thy servant was busy here and there, he was gone. And the king of Israel said unto him, So shall thy judgment be; thyself hast decided it.</strong><br><br>This verse contributes to the broader narrative of ahab's wars with syria, within the book's focus on prophetic ministry of Elijah confronting Baalism. <br><br>The Hebrew text reveals nuances important for understanding this passa...
Read full commentary →

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**14-25. the Lord stirred up an adversary--**that is, permitted him, through the impulse of his own ambition, or revenge, to attack Israel. During the war of extermination, which Joab carried on in Edom (2Sa 8:13), this Hadad, of the royal family, a mere boy when rescued from the sword of the ruthless conqueror, was carried into Egypt, hospitably entertained, and became allied with the house of th...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 20 Chapter Outline Sheba's rebellion.(1-3) Amasa slain by Joab.(4-13) Sheba takes refuge in Abel.(14-22) David's officers.(23-26) **Verses 1-3** One trial arises after another for our good, till we reach the place where sin and sorrow are for ever done away. Angry disputers misunderstand or misconstrue one another's words; proud men will have every thing their own...
Read full commentary →

And he hasted, and took the ashes away from his face; and the king of Israel discerned him that he was of the prophets.

View commentary (3 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And he hasted, and took the ashes away from his face; and the king of Israel discerned him that he was of the prophets.</strong><br><br>This verse contributes to the broader narrative of ahab's wars with syria, within the book's focus on prophetic ministry of Elijah confronting Baalism. The prophetic office represents God's faithful witness even in apostasy, calling His people back to cove...
Read full commentary →

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**26-40. Jeroboam--**This was an internal enemy of a still more formidable character. He was a young man of talent and energy, who, having been appointed by Solomon superintendent of the engineering works projected around Jerusalem, had risen into public notice, and on being informed by a very significant act of the prophet Ahijah of the royal destiny which, by divine appointment, awaited him, his...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 20 Chapter Outline Sheba's rebellion.(1-3) Amasa slain by Joab.(4-13) Sheba takes refuge in Abel.(14-22) David's officers.(23-26) **Verses 1-3** One trial arises after another for our good, till we reach the place where sin and sorrow are for ever done away. Angry disputers misunderstand or misconstrue one another's words; proud men will have every thing their own...
Read full commentary →

And he said unto him, Thus saith the LORD, Because thou hast let go out of thy hand a man whom I appointed to utter destruction, therefore thy life shall go for his life, and thy people for his people.

View commentary (4 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And he said unto him, Thus saith the LORD, Because thou hast let go out of thy hand a man whom I appointed to utter destruction, therefore thy life shall go for his life, and thy people for his people.</strong><br><br>This verse contributes to the broader narrative of ahab's wars with syria, within the book's focus on prophetic ministry of Elijah confronting Baalism. <br><br>The Hebrew tex...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(42) **A man whom I appointed**—properly, *a man under my curse. *The rash action of Ahab, like the deliberate disobedience of Saul (1 Samuel 15), may have been due partly to compassion, partly to weakness. In either case it had no right to stand unauthorised between God’s judgment and him on whom it was pronounced; for even soft-heartedness, as in the case of Eli, may be treason to the cause of r...
Read full commentary →

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**26-40. Jeroboam--**This was an internal enemy of a still more formidable character. He was a young man of talent and energy, who, having been appointed by Solomon superintendent of the engineering works projected around Jerusalem, had risen into public notice, and on being informed by a very significant act of the prophet Ahijah of the royal destiny which, by divine appointment, awaited him, his...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 20 Chapter Outline Sheba's rebellion.(1-3) Amasa slain by Joab.(4-13) Sheba takes refuge in Abel.(14-22) David's officers.(23-26) **Verses 1-3** One trial arises after another for our good, till we reach the place where sin and sorrow are for ever done away. Angry disputers misunderstand or misconstrue one another's words; proud men will have every thing their own...
Read full commentary →

And the king of Israel went to his house heavy and displeased, and came to Samaria.

View commentary (3 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And the king of Israel went to his house heavy and displeased, and came to Samaria.</strong><br><br>This verse contributes to the broader narrative of ahab's wars with syria, within the book's focus on prophetic ministry of Elijah confronting Baalism. The temple represents God's dwelling among His people and foreshadows Christ as Immanuel ('God with us'). <br><br>The Hebrew text reveals nu...
Read full commentary →

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**26-40. Jeroboam--**This was an internal enemy of a still more formidable character. He was a young man of talent and energy, who, having been appointed by Solomon superintendent of the engineering works projected around Jerusalem, had risen into public notice, and on being informed by a very significant act of the prophet Ahijah of the royal destiny which, by divine appointment, awaited him, his...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 20 Chapter Outline Sheba's rebellion.(1-3) Amasa slain by Joab.(4-13) Sheba takes refuge in Abel.(14-22) David's officers.(23-26) **Verses 1-3** One trial arises after another for our good, till we reach the place where sin and sorrow are for ever done away. Angry disputers misunderstand or misconstrue one another's words; proud men will have every thing their own...
Read full commentary →

Test Your Knowledge

Continue Your Study