King James Version

What Does Mark 1:21 Mean?

Mark 1:21 in the King James Version says “And they went into Capernaum; and straightway on the sabbath day he entered into the synagogue, and taught. — study this verse from Mark chapter 1 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

And they went into Capernaum; and straightway on the sabbath day he entered into the synagogue, and taught.

Mark 1:21 · KJV


Context

19

And when he had gone a little further thence, he saw James the son of Zebedee, and John his brother, who also were in the ship mending their nets.

20

And straightway he called them: and they left their father Zebedee in the ship with the hired servants, and went after him.

21

And they went into Capernaum; and straightway on the sabbath day he entered into the synagogue, and taught.

22

And they were astonished at his doctrine: for he taught them as one that had authority, and not as the scribes.

23

And there was in their synagogue a man with an unclean spirit; and he cried out,


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
They went into Capernaum and straightway on sabbath he entered synagogue and taught. Capernaum becomes Jesus ministry headquarters base for Galilean work. Straightway emphasizes immediate action Jesus wasted no time beginning public ministry. Entering synagogue on sabbath shows Jesus respect for Jewish institutions despite conflict with religious leaders. He taught indicates authoritative instruction not mere attendance. Jesus teaching ministry was central proclamation preceded miracles. Reformed theology emphasizes primacy of Word ministry preaching teaching essential to church mission.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Capernaum was prosperous fishing town on Sea of Galilee northwest shore. Archaeological excavations uncovered synagogue foundations likely site where Jesus taught. First-century synagogues were community centers for Torah reading prayer instruction. Any qualified male could be invited to teach. Jesus used these opportunities to proclaim kingdom message. His Capernaum ministry included healing Peter mother-in-law casting out demons healing paralytic calling Matthew many miracles. Jesus later pronounced judgment on Capernaum for unbelief despite witnessing His works.

Reflection Questions

  1. Why did Jesus prioritize teaching in His ministry?
  2. How does Jesus use of existing religious structures inform Christian engagement with culture?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 13 words
καὶ1 of 13

And

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

εἰσπορεύονται2 of 13

they went

G1531

to enter (literally or figuratively)

εἰς3 of 13

into

G1519

to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases

Καπερναούμ4 of 13

Capernaum

G2584

capernaum (i.e., caphanachum), a place in palestine

καὶ5 of 13

And

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

εὐθεὼς6 of 13

straightway

G2112

directly, i.e., at once or soon

τοῖς7 of 13
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

σάββασιν8 of 13

on the sabbath day

G4521

the sabbath (i.e., shabbath), or day of weekly repose from secular avocations (also the observance or institution itself); by extension, a se'nnight,

εἰσελθὼν9 of 13

he entered

G1525

to enter (literally or figuratively)

εἰς10 of 13

into

G1519

to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases

τὴν11 of 13
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

συναγωγὴν12 of 13

the synagogue

G4864

an assemblage of persons; specially, a jewish "synagogue" (the meeting or the place); by analogy, a christian church

ἐδίδασκεν13 of 13

and taught

G1321

to teach (in the same broad application)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Mark. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Mark 1:21 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Mark 1:21 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Places in This Verse

Test Your Knowledge

Continue Your Study