King James Version

What Does John 3:4 Mean?

John 3:4 in the King James Version says “Nicodemus saith unto him, How can a man be born when he is old? can he enter the second time into his mother's womb, and... — study this verse from John chapter 3 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

Nicodemus saith unto him, How can a man be born when he is old? can he enter the second time into his mother's womb, and be born?

John 3:4 · KJV


Context

2

The same came to Jesus by night, and said unto him, Rabbi, we know that thou art a teacher come from God: for no man can do these miracles that thou doest, except God be with him.

3

Jesus answered and said unto him, Verily, verily, I say unto thee, Except a man be born again, he cannot see the kingdom of God. again: or, from above

4

Nicodemus saith unto him, How can a man be born when he is old? can he enter the second time into his mother's womb, and be born?

5

Jesus answered, Verily, verily, I say unto thee, Except a man be born of water and of the Spirit, he cannot enter into the kingdom of God.

6

That which is born of the flesh is flesh; and that which is born of the Spirit is spirit.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Nicodemus's question—'How can a man be born when he is old? can he enter the second time into his mother's womb, and be born?'—reveals confusion about Jesus' meaning. He takes 'born again' literally, which seems absurd. Yet his question opens the door for deeper explanation. Nicodemus represents intelligent people who struggle with spiritual categories. Physical rebirth is impossible; that's precisely Jesus' point—spiritual rebirth requires divine intervention, not human effort.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Nicodemus was among Israel's most educated religious teachers. His inability to grasp Jesus' meaning shows that spiritual understanding requires more than intelligence or training. The question 'how can these things be?' (verse 9) reveals the limits of natural reason in apprehending spiritual truth.

Reflection Questions

  1. Why do intelligent people often struggle with spiritual concepts that seem simple?
  2. How does Nicodemus's literalism warn against reducing spiritual realities to physical categories?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 23 words
λέγει1 of 23

saith

G3004

properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an

πρὸς2 of 23

unto

G4314

a preposition of direction; forward to, i.e., toward (with the genitive case, the side of, i.e., pertaining to; with the dative case, by the side of,

αὐτοῦ3 of 23

him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

4 of 23
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

Νικόδημος5 of 23

Nicodemus

G3530

victorious among his people; nicodemus, an israelite

Πῶς6 of 23

How

G4459

an interrogative particle of manner; in what way? (sometimes the question is indirect, how?); also as exclamation, how much!

δύναται7 of 23

can

G1410

to be able or possible

ἄνθρωπος8 of 23

a man

G444

man-faced, i.e., a human being

γεννηθῆναι9 of 23

be born

G1080

to procreate (properly, of the father, but by extension of the mother); figuratively, to regenerate

γέρων10 of 23

old

G1088

aged

ὤν11 of 23

when he is

G5607

being

μὴ12 of 23

can

G3361

(adverb) not, (conjunction) lest; also (as an interrogative implying a negative answer (whereas g3756 expects an affirmative one)) whether

δύναται13 of 23

can

G1410

to be able or possible

εἰς14 of 23

into

G1519

to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases

τὴν15 of 23
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

κοιλίαν16 of 23

womb

G2836

a cavity, i.e., (especially) the abdomen; by implication, the matrix; figuratively, the heart

τῆς17 of 23
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

μητρὸς18 of 23

mother's

G3384

a "mother" (literally or figuratively, immediate or remote)

αὐτοῦ19 of 23

him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

δεύτερον20 of 23

the second time

G1208

(ordinal) second (in time, place, or rank; also adverb)

εἰσελθεῖν21 of 23

he enter

G1525

to enter (literally or figuratively)

καὶ22 of 23

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

γεννηθῆναι23 of 23

be born

G1080

to procreate (properly, of the father, but by extension of the mother); figuratively, to regenerate


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of John. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

John 3:4 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to John 3:4 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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