King James Version

What Does 1 Corinthians 1:18 Mean?

1 Corinthians 1:18 in the King James Version says “For the preaching of the cross is to them that perish foolishness; but unto us which are saved it is the power of God. — study this verse from 1 Corinthians chapter 1 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

For the preaching of the cross is to them that perish foolishness; but unto us which are saved it is the power of God.

1 Corinthians 1:18 · KJV


Context

16

And I baptized also the household of Stephanas: besides, I know not whether I baptized any other.

17

For Christ sent me not to baptize, but to preach the gospel: not with wisdom of words, lest the cross of Christ should be made of none effect. words: or, speech

18

For the preaching of the cross is to them that perish foolishness; but unto us which are saved it is the power of God.

19

For it is written, I will destroy the wisdom of the wise, and will bring to nothing the understanding of the prudent.

20

Where is the wise? where is the scribe? where is the disputer of this world? hath not God made foolish the wisdom of this world?


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
For the preaching of the cross is to them that perish foolishness; but unto us which are saved it is the power of God (ho logos gar ho tou staurou tois men apollymenois mōria estin, tois de sōzomenois hēmin dynamis theou estin, ὁ λόγος γὰρ ὁ τοῦ σταυροῦ τοῖς μὲν ἀπολλυμένοις μωρία ἐστίν, τοῖς δὲ σῳζομένοις ἡμῖν δύναμις θεοῦ ἐστιν)—Paul contrasts two responses to the cross. To them that perish (tois apollymenois, τοῖς ἀπολλυμένοις, present passive participle: "those being destroyed") the cross is moria (μωρία, "foolishness, absurdity")—not mere silliness but scandalous stupidity. A crucified God is intellectually offensive and culturally shameful.

But unto us which are saved (tois sōzomenois, τοῖς σῳζομένοις, present passive participle: "those being saved") it is dynamis theou (δύναμις θεοῦ, "the power of God")—not mere influence but divine, saving power. The contrast is absolute: foolishness versus power, perishing versus being saved. There is no neutral ground. The present tense participles emphasize ongoing process: those currently on the path to destruction versus those currently being saved.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Crucifixion was the Roman Empire's most degrading execution method, reserved for slaves, rebels, and the lowest criminals. To claim that a crucified man was Lord and Savior was absurd to Greeks (who valued wisdom) and scandalous to Jews (Deut 21:23: "cursed is everyone who hangs on a tree"). Yet this offensive message is precisely where God's power resides—not in eloquence or philosophy but in the shameful cross.

Reflection Questions

  1. Why is the cross inherently "foolishness" to the perishing—what makes it so offensive intellectually and culturally?
  2. How have you experienced the cross as "the power of God" in your own life and salvation?
  3. In what ways might we be tempted to soften or repackage the cross to make it less offensive?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 18 words
1 of 18
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

λόγος2 of 18

the preaching

G3056

something said (including the thought); by implication, a topic (subject of discourse), also reasoning (the mental faculty) or motive; by extension, a

γὰρ3 of 18

For

G1063

properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often with other particles)

4 of 18
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

τοῦ5 of 18
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

σταυροῦ6 of 18

of the cross

G4716

a stake or post (as set upright), i.e., (specially), a pole or cross (as an instrument of capital punishment); figuratively, exposure to death, i.e.,

τοῖς7 of 18
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

μὲν8 of 18

to them

G3303

properly, indicative of affirmation or concession (in fact); usually followed by a contrasted clause with g1161 (this one, the former, etc.)

ἀπολλυμένοις9 of 18

that perish

G622

to destroy fully (reflexively, to perish, or lose), literally or figuratively

μωρία10 of 18

foolishness

G3472

silliness, i.e., absurdity

ἐστιν11 of 18

is

G2076

he (she or it) is; also (with neuter plural) they are

τοῖς12 of 18
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

δὲ13 of 18

but

G1161

but, and, etc

σῳζομένοις14 of 18

which are saved

G4982

to save, i.e., deliver or protect (literally or figuratively)

ἡμῖν15 of 18

unto us

G2254

to (or for, with, by) us

δύναμις16 of 18

the power

G1411

force (literally or figuratively); specially, miraculous power (usually by implication, a miracle itself)

θεοῦ17 of 18

of God

G2316

a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)

ἐστιν18 of 18

is

G2076

he (she or it) is; also (with neuter plural) they are


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Corinthians. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Corinthians 1:18 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Corinthians 1:18 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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