King James Version

What Does John 13:21 Mean?

John 13:21 in the King James Version says “When Jesus had thus said, he was troubled in spirit, and testified, and said, Verily, verily, I say unto you, that one o... — study this verse from John chapter 13 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

When Jesus had thus said, he was troubled in spirit, and testified, and said, Verily, verily, I say unto you, that one of you shall betray me.

John 13:21 · KJV


Context

19

Now I tell you before it come, that, when it is come to pass, ye may believe that I am he. Now: or, From henceforth

20

Verily, verily, I say unto you, He that receiveth whomsoever I send receiveth me; and he that receiveth me receiveth him that sent me.

21

When Jesus had thus said, he was troubled in spirit, and testified, and said, Verily, verily, I say unto you, that one of you shall betray me.

22

Then the disciples looked one on another , doubting of whom he spake.

23

Now there was leaning on Jesus' bosom one of his disciples, whom Jesus loved.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
When Jesus had thus said, he was troubled in spirit (ἐταράχθη τῷ πνεύματι, etarachthē tō pneumati)—Jesus experiences deep emotional distress. The passive verb suggests both external circumstances and internal wrestling. This is genuine humanity; the Word made flesh feels anguish at impending betrayal. Earlier Jesus was "troubled in spirit" at Lazarus' tomb (11:33); here betrayal by an intimate friend causes spiritual turmoil.

And testified (ἐμαρτύρησεν,emarturēsen)—solemn witness. Verily, verily marks authoritative pronouncement. One of you shall betray me (παραδώσει με, paradōsei me)—"betray" literally means "hand over." Jesus knows which disciple will deliver Him to death yet has broken bread with him. The phrase "one of you" emphasizes proximity and intimacy—not an outsider but an insider commits treachery. This fulfills Psalm 41:9, "mine own familiar friend, in whom I trusted, which did eat of my bread, hath lifted up his heel against me."

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Betrayal by table companions violated ancient Near Eastern hospitality sacred bonds. Sharing bread created covenant loyalty obligations. Judas' betrayal was cultural sacrilege compounding moral evil. John writes to assure Christians that Jesus knowingly went to the cross—not caught by surprise but sovereignly orchestrating redemption through even the betrayer's treachery.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does Jesus' emotional turmoil reveal about His full humanity and compassion?
  2. How does Jesus' foreknowledge of betrayal yet continued love for Judas display divine grace?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 21 words
Ταῦτα1 of 21

thus

G5023

these things

εἶπεν2 of 21

had

G2036

to speak or say (by word or writing)

3 of 21
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

Ἰησοῦς4 of 21

When Jesus

G2424

jesus (i.e., jehoshua), the name of our lord and two (three) other israelites

ἐταράχθη5 of 21

he was troubled

G5015

to stir or agitate (roil water)

τῷ6 of 21
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

πνεύματι7 of 21

in spirit

G4151

a current of air, i.e., breath (blast) or a breeze; by analogy or figuratively, a spirit, i.e., (human) the rational soul, (by implication) vital prin

καὶ8 of 21

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

ἐμαρτύρησεν9 of 21

testified

G3140

to be a witness, i.e., testify (literally or figuratively)

καὶ10 of 21

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

εἶπεν11 of 21

had

G2036

to speak or say (by word or writing)

ἀμὴν12 of 21

Verily

G281

properly, firm, i.e., (figuratively) trustworthy; adverbially, surely (often as interjection, so be it)

ἀμὴν13 of 21

Verily

G281

properly, firm, i.e., (figuratively) trustworthy; adverbially, surely (often as interjection, so be it)

λέγω14 of 21

I say

G3004

properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an

ὑμῖν15 of 21

unto you

G5213

to (with or by) you

ὅτι16 of 21

that

G3754

demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because

εἷς17 of 21

one

G1520

one

ἐξ18 of 21

of

G1537

a primary preposition denoting origin (the point whence action or motion proceeds), from, out (of place, time, or cause literal or figurative; direct

ὑμῶν19 of 21

you

G5216

of (from or concerning) you

παραδώσει20 of 21

shall betray

G3860

to surrender, i.e yield up, entrust, transmit

με21 of 21

me

G3165

me


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of John. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

John 13:21 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to John 13:21 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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