King James Version

What Does Luke 22:21 Mean?

Luke 22:21 in the King James Version says “But, behold, the hand of him that betrayeth me is with me on the table. — study this verse from Luke chapter 22 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

But, behold, the hand of him that betrayeth me is with me on the table.

Luke 22:21 · KJV


Context

19

And he took bread, and gave thanks, and brake it, and gave unto them, saying, This is my body which is given for you: this do in remembrance of me.

20

Likewise also the cup after supper, saying, This cup is the new testament in my blood, which is shed for you.

21

But, behold, the hand of him that betrayeth me is with me on the table.

22

And truly the Son of man goeth, as it was determined: but woe unto that man by whom he is betrayed!

23

And they began to enquire among themselves, which of them it was that should do this thing.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The hand of him that betrayeth me is with me on the table—Judas, the betrayer (ὁ παραδιδούς με, ho paradidous me), reclined at the sacred Passover meal even as Jesus instituted the Lord's Supper. The intimacy of shared table fellowship (κοινωνία, koinonia) in Jewish culture made this betrayal particularly heinous—Psalm 41:9 prophesied, "mine own familiar friend, in whom I trusted, which did eat of my bread, hath lifted up his heel against me."

Jesus revealed the betrayal immediately after establishing the New Covenant in His blood, showing that divine sovereignty encompasses even treachery. The proximity of the hand (ἡ χείρ, he cheir) emphasizes the shocking nearness of evil to holiness, yet Christ's mission remained unhindered.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

First-century Passover meals involved reclining at a low table with fellow participants in close physical proximity. Sharing bread and wine created covenant bonds of loyalty and trust. Judas's betrayal violated the most sacred social and religious obligations of Jewish culture, making his act incomprehensibly wicked to the other disciples.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does Judas's participation in the Lord's Supper while planning betrayal warn against presuming on God's grace through mere ritual observance?
  2. What does Jesus's calm acknowledgment of betrayal reveal about His sovereignty over evil circumstances?
  3. In what ways might we 'betray' Christ while maintaining outward religious participation?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 12 words
πλὴν1 of 12

But

G4133

moreover (besides), i.e., albeit, save that, rather, yet

ἰδού,2 of 12

behold

G2400

used as imperative lo!

3 of 12
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

χεὶρ4 of 12

the hand

G5495

the hand (literally or figuratively (power); especially (by hebraism) a means or instrument)

τοῦ5 of 12
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

παραδιδόντος6 of 12

of him that betrayeth

G3860

to surrender, i.e yield up, entrust, transmit

με7 of 12

me

G3165

me

μετ'8 of 12

is with

G3326

properly, denoting accompaniment; "amid" (local or causal); modified variously according to the case (genitive association, or accusative succession)

ἐμοῦ9 of 12

me

G1700

of me

ἐπὶ10 of 12

on

G1909

properly, meaning superimposition (of time, place, order, etc.), as a relation of distribution (with the genitive case), i.e., over, upon, etc.; of re

τῆς11 of 12
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

τραπέζης·12 of 12

the table

G5132

a table or stool (as being four-legged), usually for food (figuratively, a meal); also a counter for money (figuratively, a broker's office for loans


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Luke. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Luke 22:21 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Luke 22:21 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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