King James Version

What Does Acts 13:31 Mean?

Acts 13:31 in the King James Version says “And he was seen many days of them which came up with him from Galilee to Jerusalem, who are his witnesses unto the peopl... — study this verse from Acts chapter 13 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

And he was seen many days of them which came up with him from Galilee to Jerusalem, who are his witnesses unto the people.

Acts 13:31 · KJV


Context

29

And when they had fulfilled all that was written of him, they took him down from the tree, and laid him in a sepulchre.

30

But God raised him from the dead:

31

And he was seen many days of them which came up with him from Galilee to Jerusalem, who are his witnesses unto the people.

32

And we declare unto you glad tidings, how that the promise which was made unto the fathers,

33

God hath fulfilled the same unto us their children, in that he hath raised up Jesus again; as it is also written in the second psalm, Thou art my Son, this day have I begotten thee.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And he was seen many days (ὤφθη ἐπὶ ἡμέρας πλείους, ōphthē epi hēmeras pleious)—Paul emphasizes the plurality and duration of Christ's post-resurrection appearances, not a fleeting vision but sustained eyewitness encounters over forty days (Acts 1:3). The passive "was seen" implies divine initiative—Christ revealed himself deliberately to chosen witnesses.

Who are his witnesses unto the people (οἵτινες νῦν εἰσιν μάρτυρες αὐτοῦ, hoitines nyn eisin martyres autou)—These Galilean disciples became martyres (witnesses/martyrs), the foundation of apostolic testimony. Paul, though not among the original twelve, claims apostolic authority through his Damascus Road encounter (1 Corinthians 15:8). The resurrection is not theological abstraction but historical fact attested by multiple credible witnesses—the bedrock of Christian proclamation.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Paul delivered this sermon in the synagogue at Pisidian Antioch (c. AD 47-48) during his first missionary journey. His audience included Jews and God-fearing Gentiles familiar with messianic prophecy. By grounding the resurrection in Galilean eyewitness testimony, Paul connected the risen Christ to his earthly ministry and fulfilled the prophetic requirement of multiple witnesses (Deuteronomy 19:15).

Reflection Questions

  1. Why does the historical reliability of the resurrection matter for your faith? How would Christianity be different if it were based on subjective experience rather than witnessed events?
  2. What does it mean that you are called to be Christ's 'witness' (μάρτυς) in your generation? How does eyewitness testimony from the first century empower your witness today?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 20 words
ὃς1 of 20

And he

G3739

the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that

ὤφθη2 of 20

was seen

G3700

to gaze (i.e., with wide-open eyes, as at something remarkable; and thus differing from g0991, which denotes simply voluntary observation; and from g1

ἐπὶ3 of 20

many

G1909

properly, meaning superimposition (of time, place, order, etc.), as a relation of distribution (with the genitive case), i.e., over, upon, etc.; of re

ἡμέρας4 of 20

days

G2250

day, i.e., (literally) the time space between dawn and dark, or the whole 24 hours (but several days were usually reckoned by the jews as inclusive of

πλείους5 of 20
G4119

more in quantity, number, or quality; also (in plural) the major portion

τοῖς6 of 20
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

συναναβᾶσιν7 of 20

of them which came up with

G4872

to ascend in company with

αὐτοῦ8 of 20

him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

ἀπὸ9 of 20

from

G575

"off," i.e., away (from something near), in various senses (of place, time, or relation; literal or figurative)

τῆς10 of 20
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

Γαλιλαίας11 of 20

Galilee

G1056

galilaea (i.e., the heathen circle), a region of palestine

εἰς12 of 20

to

G1519

to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases

Ἰερουσαλήμ13 of 20

Jerusalem

G2419

hierusalem (i.e., jerushalem), the capitol of palestine

οἵτινες14 of 20

who

G3748

which some, i.e., any that; also (definite) which same

εἰσιν15 of 20

are

G1526

they are

μάρτυρες16 of 20

witnesses

G3144

a witness (literally (judicially) or figuratively (genitive case)); by analogy, a "martyr"

αὐτοῦ17 of 20

him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

πρὸς18 of 20

unto

G4314

a preposition of direction; forward to, i.e., toward (with the genitive case, the side of, i.e., pertaining to; with the dative case, by the side of,

τὸν19 of 20
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

λαόν20 of 20

the people

G2992

a people (in general; thus differing from g1218, which denotes one's own populace)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Acts. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Acts 13:31 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Acts 13:31 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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