King James Version

What Does 1 Corinthians 15:5 Mean?

1 Corinthians 15:5 in the King James Version says “And that he was seen of Cephas, then of the twelve: — study this verse from 1 Corinthians chapter 15 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

And that he was seen of Cephas, then of the twelve:

1 Corinthians 15:5 · KJV


Context

3

For I delivered unto you first of all that which I also received, how that Christ died for our sins according to the scriptures;

4

And that he was buried, and that he rose again the third day according to the scriptures:

5

And that he was seen of Cephas, then of the twelve:

6

After that, he was seen of above five hundred brethren at once; of whom the greater part remain unto this present, but some are fallen asleep.

7

After that, he was seen of James; then of all the apostles.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And that he was seen of Cephas (καὶ ὅτι ὤφθη Κηφᾷ, kai hoti ōphthē Kēpha)—The verb ōphthē (ὤφθη, "he appeared, was seen") is divine passive—God caused the appearance. Paul uses Peter's Aramaic name Cephas (Κηφᾶς), connecting to the earliest Jerusalem church tradition. This appearance (Luke 24:34) restored Peter after his denial and commissioned him for apostolic ministry.

Then of the twelve (εἶτα τοῖς δώδεκα)—Paul uses "the twelve" as a technical designation even though Judas had died, indicating this was the recognized title for the apostolic college. This likely refers to the appearance in John 20:19-23. The sequential listing (eita, "then") indicates multiple, independent verification events, not a single mass hallucination.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Peter's special appearance established his leadership in the early church (Matthew 16:18, Galatians 1:18). The appearance to 'the twelve' as a group provides corporate testimony—the church's foundation witnessed the risen Christ collectively, not merely individually.

Reflection Questions

  1. Why does Paul list Peter (Cephas) first among the witnesses—what does this indicate about restoration after failure?
  2. How does the sequential listing of appearances refute the hallucination theory?
  3. What is significant about Jesus appearing to the apostles as a group, not merely individually?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 7 words
καὶ1 of 7

And

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

ὅτι2 of 7

that

G3754

demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because

ὤφθη3 of 7

he was seen

G3700

to gaze (i.e., with wide-open eyes, as at something remarkable; and thus differing from g0991, which denotes simply voluntary observation; and from g1

Κηφᾷ4 of 7

of Cephas

G2786

the rock; cephas (i.e., kepha), a surname of peter

εἶτα5 of 7

then

G1534

a particle of succession (in time or logical enumeration), then, moreover

τοῖς6 of 7
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

δώδεκα·7 of 7

of the twelve

G1427

two and ten, i.e., a dozen


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Corinthians. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Corinthians 15:5 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Corinthians 15:5 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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