King James Version

What Does Matthew 18:31 Mean?

Matthew 18:31 in the King James Version says “So when his fellowservants saw what was done, they were very sorry, and came and told unto their lord all that was done. — study this verse from Matthew chapter 18 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

So when his fellowservants saw what was done, they were very sorry, and came and told unto their lord all that was done.

Matthew 18:31 · KJV


Context

29

And his fellowservant fell down at his feet, and besought him, saying, Have patience with me, and I will pay thee all.

30

And he would not: but went and cast him into prison, till he should pay the debt.

31

So when his fellowservants saw what was done, they were very sorry, and came and told unto their lord all that was done.

32

Then his lord, after that he had called him, said unto him, O thou wicked servant, I forgave thee all that debt, because thou desiredst me:

33

Shouldest not thou also have had compassion on thy fellowservant, even as I had pity on thee?


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
So when his fellowservants saw what was done, they were very sorry (ἐλυπήθησαν σφόδρα, elypēthēsan sphodra)—the Greek indicates profound grief and distress. The fellow servants weren't merely disappointed but deeply troubled by the injustice. This public dimension is crucial: the wicked servant's hypocrisy and cruelty offended the moral sensibilities of the community. Forgiveness is never purely private—our treatment of others reflects God's character (or our distortion of it) before watching witnesses.

And came and told unto their lord all that was done (διεσάφησαν, diesaphēsan)—'explained fully, made clear.' They provided complete testimony, not gossip. This appeals to higher authority for justice mirrors how creation itself 'groans' under sin's weight (Rom 8:22) and how the blood of martyrs 'cries out' for vindication (Rev 6:10). God sees and will address all injustice.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

In ancient patron-client relationships, servants of the same master formed communities with shared interests. Reporting serious offenses to the lord was expected—maintaining household order required transparency. The fellow servants' grief reflects the corporate nature of ancient Mediterranean society, where individual actions affected the whole community's honor and well-being.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does your treatment of others reflect on God's character to watching 'fellow servants' around you?
  2. What does the fellow servants' grief over injustice teach about the proper Christian response to unforgiveness and hypocrisy in the church?
  3. How should knowing that witnesses report to the Lord affect your private dealings with those who've wronged you?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 18 words
ἰδόντες1 of 18

saw

G1492

used only in certain past tenses, the others being borrowed from the equivalent g3700 and g3708; properly, to see (literally or figuratively); by impl

δὲ2 of 18

So

G1161

but, and, etc

οἱ3 of 18
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

σύνδουλοι4 of 18

fellowservants

G4889

a co-slave, i.e., servitor or ministrant of the same master (human or divine)

ἀυτῶν5 of 18

when his

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

τὰ6 of 18
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

γενόμενα7 of 18

that was done

G1096

to cause to be ("gen"-erate), i.e., (reflexively) to become (come into being), used with great latitude (literal, figurative, intensive, etc.)

ἐλυπήθησαν8 of 18

sorry

G3076

to distress; reflexively or passively, to be sad

σφόδρα9 of 18

they were very

G4970

of uncertain derivation) as adverb; vehemently, i.e., in a high degree, much

καὶ10 of 18

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

ἐλθόντες11 of 18

came

G2064

to come or go (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)

διεσάφησαν12 of 18

and told

G1285

to clear thoroughly, i.e., (figuratively) declare

τῷ13 of 18
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

κυρίῳ14 of 18

lord

G2962

supreme in authority, i.e., (as noun) controller; by implication, master (as a respectful title)

ἀυτῶν15 of 18

when his

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

πάντα16 of 18

all

G3956

all, any, every, the whole

τὰ17 of 18
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

γενόμενα18 of 18

that was done

G1096

to cause to be ("gen"-erate), i.e., (reflexively) to become (come into being), used with great latitude (literal, figurative, intensive, etc.)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Matthew. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Matthew 18:31 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Matthew 18:31 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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