King James Version

What Does Matthew 18:33 Mean?

Matthew 18:33 in the King James Version says “Shouldest not thou also have had compassion on thy fellowservant, even as I had pity on thee? — study this verse from Matthew chapter 18 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

Shouldest not thou also have had compassion on thy fellowservant, even as I had pity on thee?

Matthew 18:33 · KJV


Context

31

So when his fellowservants saw what was done, they were very sorry, and came and told unto their lord all that was done.

32

Then his lord, after that he had called him, said unto him, O thou wicked servant, I forgave thee all that debt, because thou desiredst me:

33

Shouldest not thou also have had compassion on thy fellowservant, even as I had pity on thee?

34

And his lord was wroth, and delivered him to the tormentors, till he should pay all that was due unto him.

35

So likewise shall my heavenly Father do also unto you, if ye from your hearts forgive not every one his brother their trespasses.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Shouldest not thou also have had compassion on thy fellowservant, even as I had pity on thee?—The lord's question uses the same verb family: eleēsai (ἐλεῆσαι, 'to have mercy') and ēleēsa (ἠλέησά, 'I had mercy'). The argument is proportional reciprocity: 'just as I showed you mercy, you should show mercy.' Not because he earned it or deserved continued grace, but because recipients of extraordinary mercy ought to become conduits of mercy.

The term syndoulon (σύνδουλον, 'fellow servant') emphasizes equality: both are servants of the same master. The wicked servant forgot his own identity—he's not the lord dispensing justice but a fellow servant who received grace. This reveals the heart of unforgiveness: usurping God's position as ultimate judge while demanding from others what we received only by grace.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Ancient honor culture operated on reciprocity: receiving beneficence created obligation to extend similar treatment to others. The patron-client system depended on cascading generosity—those receiving gifts from above extending proportional benefits to those below. The wicked servant violated this fundamental social contract, dishonoring his patron by refusing to mirror the patron's character.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does forgiveness demonstrate that you've truly understood your own position as a 'fellow servant,' not as judge or lord?
  2. What does withholding mercy from others reveal about your view of the mercy you've received from God?
  3. How would your relationships change if you treated others the way God has treated you in Christ?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 13 words
οὐκ1 of 13

not

G3756

the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not

ἔδει2 of 13

Shouldest

G1163

also deon deh-on'; neuter active participle of the same; both used impersonally; it is (was, etc.) necessary (as binding)

καὶ3 of 13

also

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

σὲ4 of 13

on thee

G4571

thee

ἠλέησα5 of 13

had pity

G1653

to compassionate (by word or deed, specially, by divine grace)

τὸν6 of 13
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

σύνδουλόν7 of 13

fellowservant

G4889

a co-slave, i.e., servitor or ministrant of the same master (human or divine)

σου8 of 13

on thy

G4675

of thee, thy

ὡς9 of 13

as

G5613

which how, i.e., in that manner (very variously used, as follows)

καὶ10 of 13

also

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

ἐγώ11 of 13

I

G1473

i, me

σὲ12 of 13

on thee

G4571

thee

ἠλέησα13 of 13

had pity

G1653

to compassionate (by word or deed, specially, by divine grace)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Matthew. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Matthew 18:33 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Matthew 18:33 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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