King James Version

What Does Luke 6:9 Mean?

Luke 6:9 in the King James Version says “Then said Jesus unto them, I will ask you one thing; Is it lawful on the sabbath days to do good, or to do evil? to save... — study this verse from Luke chapter 6 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

Then said Jesus unto them, I will ask you one thing; Is it lawful on the sabbath days to do good, or to do evil? to save life, or to destroy it?

Luke 6:9 · KJV


Context

7

And the scribes and Pharisees watched him, whether he would heal on the sabbath day; that they might find an accusation against him.

8

But he knew their thoughts, and said to the man which had the withered hand, Rise up, and stand forth in the midst. And he arose and stood forth.

9

Then said Jesus unto them, I will ask you one thing; Is it lawful on the sabbath days to do good, or to do evil? to save life, or to destroy it?

10

And looking round about upon them all, he said unto the man, Stretch forth thy hand. And he did so: and his hand was restored whole as the other.

11

And they were filled with madness; and communed one with another what they might do to Jesus.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Is it lawful on the sabbath days to do good, or to do evil? to save life, or to destroy it? (ψυχὴν σῶσαι ἢ ἀπολέσαι, psychēn sōsai ē apolesai)—Jesus reframes the debate with penetrating logic. The choice isn't between healing and doing nothing; it's between doing good (agathopoiēsai, ἀγαθοποιῆσαι) and doing evil (kakopoiēsai, κακοποιῆσαι). By this standard, refusing to heal when able is equivalent to destruction. To withhold good is to commit evil; neutrality is impossible.

The phrase to save life or to destroy it (σῶσαι ψυχήν, sōsai psychēn) carries both physical and spiritual meaning—psychē means life/soul. While they plotted his destruction (v. 11), Jesus offered salvation. The question exposed their hearts: they would rather destroy Jesus than see a man healed.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Rabbinic debate centered on what constituted permissible Sabbath activity. The principle pikuach nefesh (saving life) permitted Sabbath violation for life-threatening emergencies, but the Pharisees didn't consider this man's condition life-threatening. Jesus elevated the standard from emergency intervention to positive good—the Sabbath should be a day for doing good actively, not merely avoiding harm. This radical ethic transcended their casuistry.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does Jesus' question challenge the false neutrality of refusing to do good when we have opportunity and power?
  2. What situations tempt you to hide behind rules rather than extending mercy and doing active good?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 19 words
εἶπεν1 of 19

said

G2036

to speak or say (by word or writing)

οὖν2 of 19

Then

G3767

(adverbially) certainly, or (conjunctionally) accordingly

3 of 19
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

Ἰησοῦς4 of 19

Jesus

G2424

jesus (i.e., jehoshua), the name of our lord and two (three) other israelites

πρὸς5 of 19

unto

G4314

a preposition of direction; forward to, i.e., toward (with the genitive case, the side of, i.e., pertaining to; with the dative case, by the side of,

αὐτούς6 of 19

them

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

Ἐπερωτήσω7 of 19

I will ask

G1905

to ask for, i.e., inquire, seek

ὑμᾶς8 of 19

you

G5209

you (as the objective of a verb or preposition)

τί9 of 19

one thing

G5101

an interrogative pronoun, who, which or what (in direct or indirect questions)

ἔξεστιν10 of 19

Is it lawful

G1832

so also ???? <pronunciation strongs="ex-on'"/> neuter present participle of the same (with or without some form of g1510 expressed); impersonally, it

τοῖς11 of 19
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

σάββασιν,12 of 19

on the sabbath days

G4521

the sabbath (i.e., shabbath), or day of weekly repose from secular avocations (also the observance or institution itself); by extension, a se'nnight,

ἀγαθοποιῆσαι13 of 19

to do good

G15

to be a well-doer (as a favor or a duty)

14 of 19

or

G2228

disjunctive, or; comparative, than

κακοποιῆσαι15 of 19

to do evil

G2554

to be a bad-doer, i.e., (objectively) to injure, or (genitive) to sin

ψυχὴν16 of 19

life

G5590

breath, i.e., (by implication) spirit, abstractly or concretely (the animal sentient principle only; thus distinguished on the one hand from g4151, wh

σῶσαι17 of 19

to save

G4982

to save, i.e., deliver or protect (literally or figuratively)

18 of 19

or

G2228

disjunctive, or; comparative, than

ἀπολέσαι19 of 19

to destroy

G622

to destroy fully (reflexively, to perish, or lose), literally or figuratively


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Luke. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Luke 6:9 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Luke 6:9 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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