King James Version

What Does Luke 19:42 Mean?

Luke 19:42 in the King James Version says “Saying, If thou hadst known, even thou, at least in this thy day, the things which belong unto thy peace! but now they a... — study this verse from Luke chapter 19 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

Saying, If thou hadst known, even thou, at least in this thy day, the things which belong unto thy peace! but now they are hid from thine eyes.

Luke 19:42 · KJV


Context

40

And he answered and said unto them, I tell you that, if these should hold their peace, the stones would immediately cry out.

41

And when he was come near, he beheld the city, and wept over it,

42

Saying, If thou hadst known, even thou, at least in this thy day, the things which belong unto thy peace! but now they are hid from thine eyes.

43

For the days shall come upon thee, that thine enemies shall cast a trench about thee, and compass thee round, and keep thee in on every side,

44

And shall lay thee even with the ground, and thy children within thee; and they shall not leave in thee one stone upon another; because thou knewest not the time of thy visitation.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Jesus weeps over Jerusalem: 'If thou hadst known, even thou, at least in this thy day, the things which belong unto thy peace! but now they are hid from thine eyes.' The phrase 'if thou hadst known' expresses tragic missed opportunity. 'The things which belong unto thy peace' (Greek 'ta pros eirēnēn,' τὰ πρὸς εἰρήνην) refers to Jesus Himself—the Prince of Peace whose offer Jerusalem rejected. The judgment 'now they are hid from thine eyes' indicates divine hardening—their rejection led to judicial blindness. Rejecting revelation results in losing the ability to receive it. Jesus' tears show His compassionate heart even toward those who would crucify Him.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

This occurred during Jesus' triumphal entry (vv. 37-38). As He approached Jerusalem and saw the city, He wept over it (v. 41). The irony is profound—the crowd praised Him as Messiah, yet the city would reject and crucify Him within days. Jesus prophesied Jerusalem's destruction (vv. 43-44), fulfilled in AD 70 when Rome destroyed the city and temple. The phrase 'in this thy day' refers to their opportunity—the time of Messiah's visitation. Their rejection sealed their judgment. Jesus' tears reveal His heart—He genuinely desired their salvation, yet respected their free rejection. God's sovereignty and human responsibility coexist mysteriously.

Reflection Questions

  1. What do Jesus' tears over Jerusalem reveal about His heart toward those who reject Him?
  2. How does the phrase 'now they are hid from thine eyes' illustrate the terrifying consequence of rejecting revelation—loss of ability to receive it?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 23 words
λέγων1 of 23

Saying

G3004

properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an

ὅτι2 of 23

If

G3754

demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because

Εἰ3 of 23
G1487

if, whether, that, etc

ἔγνως4 of 23

thou hadst known

G1097

to "know" (absolutely) in a great variety of applications and with many implications (as follow, with others not thus clearly expressed)

καὶ5 of 23

even

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

σὺ6 of 23

thou

G4771

thou

καὶ7 of 23

even

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

γε8 of 23

at least

G1065

doubtless, since

ἐν9 of 23

in

G1722

"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc

τὰ10 of 23

the things

G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἡμέρᾳ11 of 23

day

G2250

day, i.e., (literally) the time space between dawn and dark, or the whole 24 hours (but several days were usually reckoned by the jews as inclusive of

σου·12 of 23

thine

G4675

of thee, thy

ταύτῃ13 of 23
G3778

the he (she or it), i.e., this or that (often with article repeated)

τὰ14 of 23

the things

G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

πρὸς15 of 23

which belong unto

G4314

a preposition of direction; forward to, i.e., toward (with the genitive case, the side of, i.e., pertaining to; with the dative case, by the side of,

εἰρήνην16 of 23

peace

G1515

peace (literally or figuratively); by implication, prosperity

σου·17 of 23

thine

G4675

of thee, thy

νῦν18 of 23

now

G3568

"now" (as adverb of date, a transition or emphasis); also as noun or adjective present or immediate

δὲ19 of 23

! but

G1161

but, and, etc

ἐκρύβη20 of 23

they are hid

G2928

to conceal (properly, by covering)

ἀπὸ21 of 23

from

G575

"off," i.e., away (from something near), in various senses (of place, time, or relation; literal or figurative)

ὀφθαλμῶν22 of 23

eyes

G3788

the eye (literally or figuratively); by implication, vision; figuratively, envy (from the jealous side-glance)

σου·23 of 23

thine

G4675

of thee, thy


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Luke. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Luke 19:42 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Luke 19:42 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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