King James Version

What Does Luke 19:23 Mean?

Luke 19:23 in the King James Version says “Wherefore then gavest not thou my money into the bank, that at my coming I might have required mine own with usury? — study this verse from Luke chapter 19 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

Wherefore then gavest not thou my money into the bank, that at my coming I might have required mine own with usury?

Luke 19:23 · KJV


Context

21

For I feared thee, because thou art an austere man: thou takest up that thou layedst not down, and reapest that thou didst not sow.

22

And he saith unto him, Out of thine own mouth will I judge thee, thou wicked servant. Thou knewest that I was an austere man, taking up that I laid not down, and reaping that I did not sow:

23

Wherefore then gavest not thou my money into the bank, that at my coming I might have required mine own with usury?

24

And he said unto them that stood by, Take from him the pound, and give it to him that hath ten pounds.

25

(And they said unto him, Lord, he hath ten pounds.)


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Wherefore then gavest not thou my money into the bank, that at my coming I might have required mine own with usury? (καὶ διὰ τί οὐκ ἔδωκάς μου τὸ ἀργύριον ἐπὶ τράπεζαν, κἀγὼ ἐλθὼν σὺν τόκῳ ἂν αὐτὸ ἔπραξα; kai dia ti ouk edōkas mou to argyrion epi trapezan, kagō elthōn syn tokō an auto epraxa?)—if the servant truly feared failure, he could have deposited the money with bankers (trapeza, literally 'table,' where money-changers worked). Tokos (interest, usury) would have produced modest but guaranteed returns.

The master's logic crushes the excuse: 'You claim you feared my standards, yet you didn't even pursue the safest, most minimal option.' Even 2-5% interest would have demonstrated some engagement. The servant's complete inaction proved his supposed 'fear' was actually contempt. This principle extends to spiritual life: if you can't plant churches, you can support missionaries; if you can't teach publicly, you can disciple privately; if you can't give much, you can give something. Faithfulness at any level beats no engagement.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Jewish law prohibited charging interest to fellow Jews (Exodus 22:25), but permitted it with Gentiles. By Jesus's time, banking systems existed where deposits earned modest interest. The master's suggestion of banking wasn't his ideal (he wanted active trading), but it would have been better than nothing. The point: even minimal engagement beats complete inaction. God doesn't demand what you cannot do, but He does require doing what you can.

Reflection Questions

  1. What minimal steps of obedience have you been avoiding while excusing yourself with 'I can't do great things'?
  2. How does the banking option demolish the excuse 'I was afraid to fail, so I did nothing'?
  3. Where is God calling you to at least 'put money in the bank' if you're not ready for bold trading?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 18 words
καὶ1 of 18

that

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

διατί2 of 18

Wherefore

G1302

through what cause ?, i.e., why?

οὐκ3 of 18

not

G3756

the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not

ἔδωκάς4 of 18

gavest

G1325

to give (used in a very wide application, properly, or by implication, literally or figuratively; greatly modified by the connection)

τὸ5 of 18
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἀργύριον6 of 18

money

G694

silvery, i.e., (by implication) cash; specially, a silverling (i.e., drachma or shekel)

μου7 of 18

my

G3450

of me

ἐπὶ8 of 18

into

G1909

properly, meaning superimposition (of time, place, order, etc.), as a relation of distribution (with the genitive case), i.e., over, upon, etc.; of re

τὴν9 of 18
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

τράπεζαν10 of 18

the bank

G5132

a table or stool (as being four-legged), usually for food (figuratively, a meal); also a counter for money (figuratively, a broker's office for loans

καὶ11 of 18

that

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

ἐγὼ12 of 18

I

G1473

i, me

ἐλθὼν13 of 18

at my coming

G2064

to come or go (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)

σὺν14 of 18

with

G4862

with or together (but much closer than g3326 or g3844), i.e., by association, companionship, process, resemblance, possession, instrumentality, additi

τόκῳ15 of 18

usury

G5110

interest on money loaned (as a produce)

ἂν16 of 18

might

G302

whatsoever

ἔπραξα17 of 18

have required

G4238

to "practise", i.e., perform repeatedly or habitually (thus differing from g4160, which properly refers to a single act); by implication, to execute,

αὐτὸ18 of 18

mine own

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Luke. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Luke 19:23 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Luke 19:23 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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