King James Version

What Does Romans 2:4 Mean?

Romans 2:4 in the King James Version says “Or despisest thou the riches of his goodness and forbearance and longsuffering; not knowing that the goodness of God lea... — study this verse from Romans chapter 2 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

Or despisest thou the riches of his goodness and forbearance and longsuffering; not knowing that the goodness of God leadeth thee to repentance?

Romans 2:4 · KJV


Context

2

But we are sure that the judgment of God is according to truth against them which commit such things.

3

And thinkest thou this, O man, that judgest them which do such things, and doest the same, that thou shalt escape the judgment of God?

4

Or despisest thou the riches of his goodness and forbearance and longsuffering; not knowing that the goodness of God leadeth thee to repentance?

5

But after thy hardness and impenitent heart treasurest up unto thyself wrath against the day of wrath and revelation of the righteous judgment of God;

6

Who will render to every man according to his deeds:


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Or despisest thou the riches of his goodness and forbearance and longsuffering—three terms for divine patience: χρηστότης (chrēstotēs, "kindness/goodness"), ἀνοχή (anochē, "forbearance/tolerance"), and μακροθυμία (makrothymia, "longsuffering/patience"). Πλοῦτος (ploutos, "riches/abundance") emphasizes the lavish extent of God's mercy—not grudging tolerance but overflowing patience. To καταφρονέω (kataphroneō, "despise/disdain") this is to treat it with contempt.

Not knowing that the goodness of God leadeth thee to repentanceἀγνοέω (agnoeō, "not knowing/ignorant of") implies willful ignorance. The verb ἄγω (agō, "leads") pictures God's kindness as a gentle guide drawing sinners toward μετάνοια (metanoia, "repentance/change of mind"). This contradicts the assumption that judgment primarily motivates repentance; rather, mercy kindles it (cf. Hosea 6:6, Matthew 9:13).

Paul inverts the Jewish presumption: instead of God's patience toward Israel proving their favored status, it demonstrates His desire for their repentance. Postponed judgment is mercy creating space for transformation (2 Peter 3:9), not confirmation of righteousness. Presuming on grace without repenting "despises" it, turning blessing into greater condemnation.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Paul's language echoes Exodus 34:6 where God proclaims Himself "merciful and gracious, longsuffering, and abundant in goodness." First-century Jews celebrated God's patience with Israel through centuries of rebellion. However, many interpreted this patience as ethnic favoritism rather than salvific opportunity. Paul redirects: God's forbearance is universal, aimed at producing repentance in all peoples, and presuming on it without moral transformation is contemptuous ingratitude.

Reflection Questions

  1. Have I mistaken God's patience with my sin as approval or indifference rather than merciful opportunity to repent?
  2. What specific sins has God's goodness been patiently tolerating, waiting for me to turn from?
  3. How does recognizing God's kindness as the motivation for repentance change my view of sanctification?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 23 words
1 of 23

Or

G2228

disjunctive, or; comparative, than

τοῦ2 of 23
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

πλούτου3 of 23

the riches

G4149

wealth (as fulness), i.e., (literally) money, possessions, or (figuratively) abundance, richness, (specially), valuable bestowment

τῆς4 of 23
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

χρηστότητος5 of 23

goodness

G5544

usefulness, i.e., morally, excellence (in character or demeanor)

αὐτοῦ6 of 23

of his

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

καὶ7 of 23

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

τῆς8 of 23
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἀνοχῆς9 of 23

forbearance

G463

self-restraint, i.e., tolerance

καὶ10 of 23

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

τῆς11 of 23
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

μακροθυμίας12 of 23

longsuffering

G3115

longanimity, i.e., (objectively) forbearance or (subjectively) fortitude

καταφρονεῖς13 of 23

despisest thou

G2706

to think against, i.e., disesteem

ἀγνοῶν14 of 23

not knowing

G50

not to know (through lack of information or intelligence); by implication, to ignore (through disinclination)

ὅτι15 of 23

that

G3754

demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because

τὸ16 of 23
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

χρηστὸν17 of 23

the goodness

G5543

employed, i.e., (by implication) useful (in manner or morals)

τοῦ18 of 23
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

θεοῦ19 of 23

of God

G2316

a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)

εἰς20 of 23

to

G1519

to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases

μετάνοιάν21 of 23

repentance

G3341

(subjectively) compunction (for guilt, including reformation); by implication, reversal (of (another's) decision)

σε22 of 23

thee

G4571

thee

ἄγει23 of 23

leadeth

G71

properly, to lead; by implication, to bring, drive, (reflexively) go, (specially) pass (time), or (figuratively) induce


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Romans. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Romans 2:4 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Romans 2:4 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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