King James Version

What Does Exodus 22:25 Mean?

Exodus 22:25 in the King James Version says “If thou lend money to any of my people that is poor by thee, thou shalt not be to him as an usurer, neither shalt thou l... — study this verse from Exodus chapter 22 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

If thou lend money to any of my people that is poor by thee, thou shalt not be to him as an usurer, neither shalt thou lay upon him usury.

Exodus 22:25 · KJV


Context

23

If thou afflict them in any wise, and they cry at all unto me, I will surely hear their cry;

24

And my wrath shall wax hot, and I will kill you with the sword; and your wives shall be widows, and your children fatherless.

25

If thou lend money to any of my people that is poor by thee, thou shalt not be to him as an usurer, neither shalt thou lay upon him usury.

26

If thou at all take thy neighbour's raiment to pledge, thou shalt deliver it unto him by that the sun goeth down:

27

For that is his covering only, it is his raiment for his skin: wherein shall he sleep? and it shall come to pass, when he crieth unto me, that I will hear; for I am gracious.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
If thou lend money to any of my people that is poor by thee, thou shalt not be to him as an usurer, neither shalt thou lay upon him usury.

'My people' (עַמִּי, ammi) emphasizes covenant relationship—they're God's, not just yours. 'Usury' (נֶשֶׁךְ, neshekh) means interest, literally 'bite'—money that bites back, multiplying debt. Charging interest to poor fellow-Israelites is prohibited—loans should be charitable, not profitable. Proverbs 28:8 condemns wealth gained through usury. Nehemiah 5:7-11 shows Nehemiah rebuking usury during post-exilic rebuilding. The principle: don't exploit brothers' need for profit. Note the limit: 'poor by thee'—commercial loans aren't banned, but charity loans to the impoverished shouldn't charge interest. Love gives without expecting return (Luke 6:35).

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Ancient Near Eastern interest rates were often exorbitant (20-50%). Israel's ban on charging interest to poor fellow-Israelites protected the vulnerable from debt-slavery. Interest could be charged to foreigners (Deuteronomy 23:20) in commercial contexts.

Reflection Questions

  1. Why is charging interest to poor fellow-believers prohibited—what principle is at stake?
  2. How can Christians apply the 'no usury to the poor' principle in modern financial interactions?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 16 words
אִם1 of 16
H518

used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not

כֶּ֣סֶף׀2 of 16

money

H3701

silver (from its pale color); by implication, money

תַּלְוֶ֣ה3 of 16

If thou lend

H3867

properly, to twine; also to borrow (as a form of obligation) or (causative) to lend

אֶת4 of 16
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

עַמִּ֗י5 of 16

to any of my people

H5971

a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock

אֶת6 of 16
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

הֶֽעָנִי֙7 of 16

that is poor

H6041

depressed, in mind or circumstances

עִמָּ֔ךְ8 of 16
H5973

adverb or preposition, with (i.e., in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix (and then

לֹֽא9 of 16
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

תִהְיֶ֥ה10 of 16
H1961

to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

ל֖וֹ11 of 16
H0
כְּנֹשֶׁ֑ה12 of 16

by thee thou shalt not be to him as an usurer

H5383

to lend or (by reciprocity) borrow on security or interest

לֹֽא13 of 16
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

תְשִׂימ֥וּן14 of 16

neither shalt thou lay

H7760

to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically)

עָלָ֖יו15 of 16
H5921

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

נֶֽשֶׁךְ׃16 of 16

upon him usury

H5392

interest on a debt


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Exodus. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Exodus 22:25 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Exodus 22:25 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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