King James Version

What Does Luke 19:21 Mean?

Luke 19:21 in the King James Version says “For I feared thee, because thou art an austere man: thou takest up that thou layedst not down, and reapest that thou did... — study this verse from Luke chapter 19 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

For I feared thee, because thou art an austere man: thou takest up that thou layedst not down, and reapest that thou didst not sow.

Luke 19:21 · KJV


Context

19

And he said likewise to him, Be thou also over five cities.

20

And another came, saying, Lord, behold, here is thy pound, which I have kept laid up in a napkin:

21

For I feared thee, because thou art an austere man: thou takest up that thou layedst not down, and reapest that thou didst not sow.

22

And he saith unto him, Out of thine own mouth will I judge thee, thou wicked servant. Thou knewest that I was an austere man, taking up that I laid not down, and reaping that I did not sow:

23

Wherefore then gavest not thou my money into the bank, that at my coming I might have required mine own with usury?


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
I feared thee, because thou art an austere man (ἐφοβούμην γάρ σε, ὅτι ἄνθρωπος αὐστηρὸς εἶ, ephoboumēn gar se, hoti anthrōpos austēros ei)—the servant blames his inaction on the master's character. Austēros (austere, harsh, severe) appears only here in the NT, describing someone exacting and stern. This accusation is revealing: the servant fundamentally mistrusts and misrepresents his master.

Thou takest up that thou layedst not down, and reapest that thou didst not sow (αἴρεις ὃ οὐκ ἔθηκας καὶ θερίζεις ὃ οὐκ ἔσπειρας, aireis ho ouk ethēkas kai therizeis ho ouk espeiras)—he accuses the master of unjustly profiting from others' labor. This reveals his heart: he views God as a cosmic tyrant demanding the impossible, reaping benefits without sowing investment. This false theology produces paralysis: 'Why try? I'll fail and be punished.' Satan peddles this lie to neutralize believers. The truth: God is generous, providing resources, opportunities, and power for fruitful service (2 Corinthians 9:8).

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

The accusation of reaping unplanted crops and gathering what wasn't deposited described exploitation—wealthy landowners profiting from sharecroppers' labor. If the master truly operated this way, giving the servant a mina to trade would contradict the accusation: he did 'lay down' capital. The servant's excuse was internally inconsistent. Fear-based religion that views God as harsh and demanding produces either paralysis (this servant) or mechanical works-righteousness (Pharisees). Both miss the gospel.

Reflection Questions

  1. How do false views of God's character (seeing Him as harsh and demanding) paralyze spiritual fruitfulness?
  2. Where has Satan convinced you that God expects what you cannot produce, so why try?
  3. How does understanding God's generosity (providing resources, power, opportunities) liberate you for bold service?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 16 words
ἐφοβούμην1 of 16

I feared

G5399

to frighten, i.e., (passively) to be alarmed; by analogy, to be in awe of, i.e., revere

γάρ2 of 16

For

G1063

properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often with other particles)

σε3 of 16

thee

G4571

thee

ὅτι4 of 16

because

G3754

demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because

ἄνθρωπος5 of 16

man

G444

man-faced, i.e., a human being

αὐστηρὸς6 of 16

an austere

G840

rough (properly as a gale), i.e., (figuratively) severe

εἶ7 of 16

thou art

G1488

thou art

αἴρεις8 of 16

thou takest up

G142

to lift up; by implication, to take up or away; figuratively, to raise (the voice), keep in suspense (the mind), specially, to sail away (i.e., weigh

9 of 16

that

G3739

the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that

οὐκ10 of 16

not

G3756

the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not

ἔθηκας11 of 16

down

G5087

to place (in the widest application, literally and figuratively; properly, in a passive or horizontal posture, and thus different from g2476, which pr

καὶ12 of 16

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

θερίζεις13 of 16

reapest

G2325

to harvest

14 of 16

that

G3739

the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that

οὐκ15 of 16

not

G3756

the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not

ἔσπειρας16 of 16

sow

G4687

to scatter, i.e., sow (literally or figuratively)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Luke. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Luke 19:21 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Luke 19:21 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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