King James Version

What Does Luke 19:17 Mean?

Luke 19:17 in the King James Version says “And he said unto him, Well, thou good servant: because thou hast been faithful in a very little, have thou authority ove... — study this verse from Luke chapter 19 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

And he said unto him, Well, thou good servant: because thou hast been faithful in a very little, have thou authority over ten cities.

Luke 19:17 · KJV


Context

15

And it came to pass, that when he was returned, having received the kingdom, then he commanded these servants to be called unto him, to whom he had given the money, that he might know how much every man had gained by trading.

16

Then came the first, saying, Lord, thy pound hath gained ten pounds.

17

And he said unto him, Well, thou good servant: because thou hast been faithful in a very little, have thou authority over ten cities.

18

And the second came, saying, Lord, thy pound hath gained five pounds.

19

And he said likewise to him, Be thou also over five cities.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Well, thou good servant (Εὖγε, ἀγαθὲ δοῦλε, Euge, agathe doule)—'well done' (εὖγε, euge) is a rare exclamation of approval, used only here and in the parallel. Agathos (good) describes moral character, not just competence. Faithful in a very little (ἐν ἐλαχίστῳ πιστὸς ἐγένου, en elachistō pistos egenou)—the mina, though valuable, was 'very little' (ἐλάχιστος, elachistos, superlative form) compared to the authority granted. Faithfulness in testing qualifies for greater responsibility.

Have thou authority over ten cities (ἴσθι ἐξουσίαν ἔχων ἐπάνω δέκα πόλεων, isthi exousian echōn epanō deka poleōn)—the reward vastly exceeds the task. The Greek exousia (authority) indicates delegated governmental power. This previews the coming kingdom where Christ's faithful servants will reign with Him (Revelation 2:26-27, 20:4-6). Small faithfulness in the age of grace qualifies believers for co-regency in the age to come. This isn't about earning salvation (which is by grace through faith alone) but about rewards for service.

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Historical & Cultural Context

In Roman client-kingdoms, loyal servants of the king often received governorships over cities as rewards for faithful service. The audience, living under Herodian client-kings appointed by Rome, understood this dynamic. The disproportionate reward (ten cities for one mina's profit) illustrates grace: God's rewards exceed what strict justice would require. Jesus was teaching that kingdom service in this age—though often despised and difficult—would be rewarded with governmental authority in the Messianic kingdom.

Reflection Questions

  1. Why does God test faithfulness 'in a very little' before granting greater kingdom authority?
  2. How should the promise of reigning with Christ motivate present faithfulness in seemingly small tasks?
  3. What does 'good servant' reveal about the character God values more than mere productivity?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 17 words
καὶ1 of 17

And

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

εἶπεν2 of 17

he said

G2036

to speak or say (by word or writing)

αὐτῷ3 of 17

unto him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

Εὖ,4 of 17

Well

G2095

(adverbially) well

ἀγαθὲ5 of 17

thou good

G18

"good" (in any sense, often as noun)

δοῦλε6 of 17

servant

G1401

a slave (literal or figurative, involuntary or voluntary; frequently, therefore in a qualified sense of subjection or subserviency)

ὅτι7 of 17

because

G3754

demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because

ἐν8 of 17

in

G1722

"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc

ἐλαχίστῳ9 of 17

a very little

G1646

used as equivalent to g3398; least (in size, amount, dignity, etc.)

πιστὸς10 of 17

faithful

G4103

objectively, trustworthy; subjectively, trustful

ἐγένου11 of 17

thou hast been

G1096

to cause to be ("gen"-erate), i.e., (reflexively) to become (come into being), used with great latitude (literal, figurative, intensive, etc.)

ἴσθι12 of 17

thou authority

G2468

be thou

ἐξουσίαν13 of 17
G1849

privilege, i.e., (subjectively) force, capacity, competency, freedom, or (objectively) mastery (concretely, magistrate, superhuman, potentate, token o

ἔχων14 of 17

have

G2192

to hold (used in very various applications, literally or figuratively, direct or remote; such as possession; ability, contiuity, relation, or conditio

ἐπάνω15 of 17

over

G1883

up above, i.e., over or on (of place, amount, rank, etc.)

δέκα16 of 17

ten

G1176

ten

πόλεων17 of 17

cities

G4172

a town (properly, with walls, of greater or less size)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Luke. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Luke 19:17 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Luke 19:17 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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