King James Version

What Does John 11:55 Mean?

John 11:55 in the King James Version says “And the Jews' passover was nigh at hand: and many went out of the country up to Jerusalem before the passover, to purify... — study this verse from John chapter 11 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

And the Jews' passover was nigh at hand: and many went out of the country up to Jerusalem before the passover, to purify themselves.

John 11:55 · KJV


Context

53

Then from that day forth they took counsel together for to put him to death.

54

Jesus therefore walked no more openly among the Jews; but went thence unto a country near to the wilderness, into a city called Ephraim, and there continued with his disciples.

55

And the Jews' passover was nigh at hand: and many went out of the country up to Jerusalem before the passover, to purify themselves.

56

Then sought they for Jesus, and spake among themselves, as they stood in the temple, What think ye, that he will not come to the feast?

57

Now both the chief priests and the Pharisees had given a commandment, that, if any man knew where he were, he should shew it, that they might take him.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The Jews' Passover approaches, bringing pilgrims to Jerusalem for ritual purification. This chronological note builds tension—Jesus' death at Passover fulfills typology. The crowds' early arrival for purification rites demonstrates religious devotion to ceremonial law while missing the substance. They cleanse externally for lamb's sacrifice, unknowingly preparing for the Lamb of God's sacrifice. This irony demonstrates how ritualism can blind people to reality. Their purification rites preview the purification Christ's blood will accomplish.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Jewish pilgrims arrived early for the seven-day purification required by Mosaic law (Num 9:6-14). This ensured ceremonial cleanness for Passover participation. Jerusalem's population swelled from perhaps 40,000 to over 200,000.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does external religious ritual blind people to spiritual reality?
  2. What does the timing of Jesus' death at Passover teach about typological fulfillment?
  3. In what ways do we pursue ceremonial cleanness while missing Christ's sufficient purification?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 21 words
Ἦν1 of 21

was

G2258

i (thou, etc.) was (wast or were)

δὲ2 of 21

And

G1161

but, and, etc

ἐγγὺς3 of 21

nigh at hand

G1451

near (literally or figuratively, of place or time)

τὸ4 of 21
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

πάσχα5 of 21

passover

G3957

the passover (the meal, the day, the festival or the special sacrifices connected with it)

τῶν6 of 21
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

Ἰουδαίων7 of 21

the Jews

G2453

judaean, i.e., belonging to jehudah

καὶ8 of 21

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

ἀνέβησαν9 of 21

went

G305

to go up (literally or figuratively)

πολλοὶ10 of 21

many

G4183

(singular) much (in any respect) or (plural) many; neuter (singular) as adverbial, largely; neuter (plural) as adverb or noun often, mostly, largely

εἰς11 of 21

up

G1519

to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases

Ἱεροσόλυμα12 of 21

to Jerusalem

G2414

hierosolyma (i.e., jerushalaim), the capitol of palestine

ἐκ13 of 21

out of

G1537

a primary preposition denoting origin (the point whence action or motion proceeds), from, out (of place, time, or cause literal or figurative; direct

τῆς14 of 21
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

χώρας15 of 21

the country

G5561

room, i.e., a space of territory (more or less extensive; often including its inhabitants)

πρὸ16 of 21

before

G4253

"fore", i.e., in front of, prior (figuratively, superior) to

τοῦ17 of 21
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

πάσχα18 of 21

passover

G3957

the passover (the meal, the day, the festival or the special sacrifices connected with it)

ἵνα19 of 21

to

G2443

in order that (denoting the purpose or the result)

ἁγνίσωσιν20 of 21

purify

G48

to make clean, i.e., (figuratively) sanctify (ceremonially or morally)

ἑαυτούς21 of 21

themselves

G1438

(him- her-, it-, them-, my-, thy-, our-, your-)self (selves), etc


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of John. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

John 11:55 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to John 11:55 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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