King James Version

What Does Acts 7:23 Mean?

Acts 7:23 in the King James Version says “And when he was full forty years old, it came into his heart to visit his brethren the children of Israel. — study this verse from Acts chapter 7 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

And when he was full forty years old, it came into his heart to visit his brethren the children of Israel.

Acts 7:23 · KJV


Context

21

And when he was cast out, Pharaoh's daughter took him up, and nourished him for her own son.

22

And Moses was learned in all the wisdom of the Egyptians, and was mighty in words and in deeds.

23

And when he was full forty years old, it came into his heart to visit his brethren the children of Israel.

24

And seeing one of them suffer wrong, he defended him, and avenged him that was oppressed, and smote the Egyptian:

25

For he supposed his brethren would have understood how that God by his hand would deliver them: but they understood not. For: or, Now


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The precise timing—'when he was full forty years old'—shows God's perfect chronology in calling servants. Moses' decision to visit 'his brethren' demonstrates awakening ethnic and covenant consciousness. His heart turned from Egyptian privilege to Hebrew suffering, a necessary prerequisite for his calling as deliverer. The phrase 'it came into his heart' suggests divine initiative planting desire for his people's welfare, the first step toward God's redemptive call.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Forty years represents a full generation in biblical reckoning. Moses' life divides into three forty-year periods: Egypt (0-40), Midian (40-80), wilderness leading Israel (80-120). His visit to Hebrew work sites represents conscious identification with his persecuted people, risking his privileged Egyptian status. This choice foreshadows Christ's identification with sinners.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does Moses' voluntary identification with suffering Hebrews teach us about godly leadership requiring solidarity with those we serve?
  2. How does God's perfect timing in Moses' calling encourage us to trust His preparation and timing in our own calling?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 18 words
Ὡς1 of 18

when

G5613

which how, i.e., in that manner (very variously used, as follows)

δὲ2 of 18

And

G1161

but, and, etc

ἐπληροῦτο3 of 18

was full

G4137

to make replete, i.e., (literally) to cram (a net), level up (a hollow), or (figuratively) to furnish (or imbue, diffuse, influence), satisfy, execute

αὐτοῦ4 of 18

he

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

τεσσαρακονταετὴς5 of 18

forty years

G5063

of forty years of age

χρόνος6 of 18

old

G5550

a space of time (in general, and thus properly distinguished from g2540, which designates a fixed or special occasion; and from g0165, which denotes a

ἀνέβη7 of 18

it came

G305

to go up (literally or figuratively)

ἐπὶ8 of 18

into

G1909

properly, meaning superimposition (of time, place, order, etc.), as a relation of distribution (with the genitive case), i.e., over, upon, etc.; of re

τὴν9 of 18
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

καρδίαν10 of 18

heart

G2588

the heart, i.e., (figuratively) the thoughts or feelings (mind); also (by analogy) the middle

αὐτοῦ11 of 18

he

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

ἐπισκέψασθαι12 of 18

to visit

G1980

to inspect, i.e., (by implication) to select; by extension, to go to see, relieve

τοὺς13 of 18
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἀδελφοὺς14 of 18

brethren

G80

a brother (literally or figuratively) near or remote (much like g0001)

αὐτοῦ15 of 18

he

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

τοὺς16 of 18
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

υἱοὺς17 of 18

the children

G5207

a "son" (sometimes of animals), used very widely of immediate, remote or figuratively, kinship

Ἰσραήλ18 of 18

of Israel

G2474

israel (i.e., jisrael), the adopted name of jacob, including his descendants (literally or figuratively)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Acts. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Acts 7:23 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Acts 7:23 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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