About Deuteronomy

Deuteronomy contains Moses' final addresses to Israel, restating the Law and calling the new generation to covenant faithfulness.

Author: MosesWritten: c. 1406 BCReading time: ~3 minVerses: 23
Covenant RenewalObedienceLove for GodBlessing and CurseRememberChoose

King James Version

Deuteronomy 21

23 verses with commentary

Atonement for Unsolved Murder

If one be found slain in the land which the LORD thy God giveth thee to possess it, lying in the field, and it be not known who hath slain him:

View commentary (3 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>If one be found slain in the land which the LORD thy God giveth thee to possess it, lying in the field, and it be not known who hath slain him.</strong> This law addresses unsolved murders, recognizing that sometimes guilt cannot be determined despite investigation. God provides protocol for addressing community culpability even when individual perpetrator remains unknown.<br><br>The scena...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

**XXI.** Deuteronomy 21:1-9. **UNDETECTED HOMICIDES.** (1) **If one be found slain**—It is remarkable that *in *our own time the most effectual remedy against outrages of which the perpetrators cannot be discovered is a fine upon the district in which they occur. (2) **Thy elders and thy judges shall come forth.**—Rashi says these were to be special commissioners, members of the great Sanhedrin. (...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 21 Chapter Outline The expiation of uncertain murder.(1-9) Respecting a captive taken to wife.(10-14) The first-born not to be disinherited for private affection. (15-17) A stubborn son to be stoned.(18-21) Malefactors not to be left hanging all night.(22-23) **Verses 1-9** If a murderer could not be found out, great solemnity is provided for putting away ...
Read full commentary →

Then thy elders and thy judges shall come forth, and they shall measure unto the cities which are round about him that is slain:

View commentary (2 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Then thy elders and thy judges shall come forth, and they shall measure unto the cities which are round about him that is slain.</strong> The measuring determines which city bears primary responsibility for the ritual cleansing. Geographical proximity indicates which community should have provided protection and pursued justice.<br><br>The involvement of <em>elders and thy judges</em> indi...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 21 Chapter Outline The expiation of uncertain murder.(1-9) Respecting a captive taken to wife.(10-14) The first-born not to be disinherited for private affection. (15-17) A stubborn son to be stoned.(18-21) Malefactors not to be left hanging all night.(22-23) **Verses 1-9** If a murderer could not be found out, great solemnity is provided for putting away ...
Read full commentary →

And it shall be, that the city which is next unto the slain man, even the elders of that city shall take an heifer , which hath not been wrought with, and which hath not drawn in the yoke;

View commentary (2 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And it shall be, that the city which is next unto the slain man, even the elders of that city shall take an heifer, which hath not been wrought with, and which hath not drawn in the yoke.</strong> The nearest city must provide the heifer for the cleansing ritual. This cost creates incentive for communities to maintain safety and pursue justice - negligence has tangible consequences.<br><br...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 21 Chapter Outline The expiation of uncertain murder.(1-9) Respecting a captive taken to wife.(10-14) The first-born not to be disinherited for private affection. (15-17) A stubborn son to be stoned.(18-21) Malefactors not to be left hanging all night.(22-23) **Verses 1-9** If a murderer could not be found out, great solemnity is provided for putting away ...
Read full commentary →

And the elders of that city shall bring down the heifer unto a rough valley, which is neither eared nor sown, and shall strike off the heifer's neck there in the valley:

View commentary (3 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And the elders of that city shall bring down the heifer unto a rough valley, which is neither eared nor sown, and shall strike off the heifer's neck there in the valley.</strong> The ritual occurs in unproductive land - <em>rough valley</em> that is <em>neither eared nor sown</em>. This desolate location represents the waste and barrenness that violence produces.<br><br>Striking off <em>th...
Read full commentary →

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

De 13:6-18. Without Regard to Nearness of Relation. **6. If thy brother ... entice thee secretly--**This term being applied very loosely in all Eastern countries (Ge 20:13), other expressions are added to intimate that no degree of kindred, however intimate, should be allowed to screen an enticer to idolatry, to conceal his crime, or protect his person. Piety and duty must overcome affection or c...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 21 Chapter Outline The expiation of uncertain murder.(1-9) Respecting a captive taken to wife.(10-14) The first-born not to be disinherited for private affection. (15-17) A stubborn son to be stoned.(18-21) Malefactors not to be left hanging all night.(22-23) **Verses 1-9** If a murderer could not be found out, great solemnity is provided for putting away ...
Read full commentary →

And the priests the sons of Levi shall come near; for them the LORD thy God hath chosen to minister unto him, and to bless in the name of the LORD; and by their word shall every controversy and every stroke be tried: word: Heb. mouth

View commentary (2 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And the priests the sons of Levi shall come near; for them the LORD thy God hath chosen to minister unto him, and to bless in the name of the LORD; and by their word shall every controversy and every stroke be tried.</strong> Priestly involvement ensures religious authority oversees this legal-ceremonial ritual. The Levites' presence sanctifies the proceedings and represents God's perspect...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 21 Chapter Outline The expiation of uncertain murder.(1-9) Respecting a captive taken to wife.(10-14) The first-born not to be disinherited for private affection. (15-17) A stubborn son to be stoned.(18-21) Malefactors not to be left hanging all night.(22-23) **Verses 1-9** If a murderer could not be found out, great solemnity is provided for putting away ...
Read full commentary →

And all the elders of that city, that are next unto the slain man, shall wash their hands over the heifer that is beheaded in the valley:

View commentary (2 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And all the elders of that city, that are next unto the slain man, shall wash their hands over the heifer that is beheaded in the valley.</strong> Hand washing symbolically declares innocence - <em>I am clean from this blood.</em> This public gesture demonstrates the community's protest that they did not commit or negligently permit this murder.<br><br>That <em>all the elders</em> particip...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 21 Chapter Outline The expiation of uncertain murder.(1-9) Respecting a captive taken to wife.(10-14) The first-born not to be disinherited for private affection. (15-17) A stubborn son to be stoned.(18-21) Malefactors not to be left hanging all night.(22-23) **Verses 1-9** If a murderer could not be found out, great solemnity is provided for putting away ...
Read full commentary →

And they shall answer and say, Our hands have not shed this blood, neither have our eyes seen it.

View commentary (3 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And they shall answer and say, Our hands have not shed this blood, neither have our eyes seen it.</strong> The explicit declaration <em>our hands have not shed this blood</em> addresses potential direct involvement. The elders declare that neither they nor their city's citizens committed the murder knowingly.<br><br>The addition <em>neither have our eyes seen it</em> extends the declaratio...
Read full commentary →

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**9. thou shalt surely kill him--**not hastily, or in a private manner, but after trial and conviction; and his relative, as informer, was to cast the first stone (see on De 17:2; Ac 7:58). It is manifest that what was done in secret could not be legally proved by a single informer; and hence Jewish writers say that spies were set in some private part of the house, to hear the conversation and wat...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 21 Chapter Outline The expiation of uncertain murder.(1-9) Respecting a captive taken to wife.(10-14) The first-born not to be disinherited for private affection. (15-17) A stubborn son to be stoned.(18-21) Malefactors not to be left hanging all night.(22-23) **Verses 1-9** If a murderer could not be found out, great solemnity is provided for putting away ...
Read full commentary →

Be merciful, O LORD, unto thy people Israel, whom thou hast redeemed, and lay not innocent blood unto thy people of Israel's charge. And the blood shall be forgiven them. unto thy people of: Heb. in the midst, etc

View commentary (2 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Be merciful, O LORD, unto thy people Israel, whom thou hast redeemed, and lay not innocent blood unto thy people of Israel's charge. And the blood shall be forgiven them.</strong> The prayer for mercy acknowledges that even in innocence, the community needs divine grace. Murder in their territory, though not their fault, still defiles the land and grieves God.<br><br>The appeal <em>whom th...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 21 Chapter Outline The expiation of uncertain murder.(1-9) Respecting a captive taken to wife.(10-14) The first-born not to be disinherited for private affection. (15-17) A stubborn son to be stoned.(18-21) Malefactors not to be left hanging all night.(22-23) **Verses 1-9** If a murderer could not be found out, great solemnity is provided for putting away ...
Read full commentary →

So shalt thou put away the guilt of innocent blood from among you, when thou shalt do that which is right in the sight of the LORD.

View commentary (2 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>So shalt thou put away the guilt of innocent blood from among you</strong> (וְאַתָּה תְּבַעֵר הַדָּם הַנָּקִי)—The verb <em>ba'ar</em> (put away/purge) is intensive, meaning to burn away or completely remove. The phrase <em>dam naki</em> (innocent blood) carries covenant weight—shedding innocent blood pollutes the land itself (Numbers 35:33) and brings corporate guilt requiring atonement.<...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 21 Chapter Outline The expiation of uncertain murder.(1-9) Respecting a captive taken to wife.(10-14) The first-born not to be disinherited for private affection. (15-17) A stubborn son to be stoned.(18-21) Malefactors not to be left hanging all night.(22-23) **Verses 1-9** If a murderer could not be found out, great solemnity is provided for putting away ...
Read full commentary →

Marrying a Captive Woman

When thou goest forth to war against thine enemies, and the LORD thy God hath delivered them into thine hands, and thou hast taken them captive,

View commentary (4 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>When thou goest forth to war against thine enemies, and the LORD thy God hath delivered them into thine hands</strong> (כִּי־תֵצֵא לַמִּלְחָמָה עַל־אֹיְבֶיךָ)—The phrase <em>ki tetze</em> (when you go out) assumes Israel's military engagement will happen. But victory is attributed to God: <em>netano YHWH Elohekha beyadeikha</em> (the LORD your God has given them into your hand). Military s...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

Deuteronomy 21:10-14. **MARRIAGE OF CAPTIVE WOMEN.** (10, 11) **When thou . . . seest among the captives a beautiful woman.**—This could not be among the seven nations, of whom it is said (Deuteronomy 20:1-6), “thou shalt save alive nothing that breatheth.” But it may well apply to the recent case of the Midianitish maidens (Numbers 31:15-18), who had been taken captive in great numbers, and would...
Read full commentary →

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**12-18. Certain men, the children of Belial--**lawless, designing demagogues (Jud 19:22; 1Sa 1:16; 25:25), who abused their influence to withdraw the inhabitants of the city to idol-worship.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 10-14** By this law a soldier was allowed to marry his captive, if he pleased. This might take place upon some occasions; but the law does not show any approval of it. It also intimates how binding the laws of justice and honour are in marriage; which is a sacred engagement.

And seest among the captives a beautiful woman, and hast a desire unto her, that thou wouldest have her to thy wife;

View commentary (3 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And seest among the captives a beautiful woman, and hast a desire unto her</strong> (וְרָאִיתָ בַּשִּׁבְיָה אֵשֶׁת יְפַת־תֹּאַר וְחָשַׁקְתָּ בָהּ)—The verb <em>chashak</em> (desire) is intense, appearing in Genesis 34:8 of Shechem's desire for Dinah and Psalm 91:14 of God's love for His people. The law acknowledges sexual desire without condemning it, but immediately regulates it to protec...
Read full commentary →

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**12-18. Certain men, the children of Belial--**lawless, designing demagogues (Jud 19:22; 1Sa 1:16; 25:25), who abused their influence to withdraw the inhabitants of the city to idol-worship.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 10-14** By this law a soldier was allowed to marry his captive, if he pleased. This might take place upon some occasions; but the law does not show any approval of it. It also intimates how binding the laws of justice and honour are in marriage; which is a sacred engagement.

Then thou shalt bring her home to thine house; and she shall shave her head, and pare her nails; pare: or, suffer to grow: Heb. make, or, dress

View commentary (3 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Then thou shalt bring her home to thine house; and she shall shave her head, and pare her nails</strong> (גִּלְּחָה אֶת־רֹאשָׁהּ וְעָשְׂתָה אֶת־צִפָּרְנֶיהָ)—The rituals of shaving her head (<em>gillechah</em>) and trimming nails mark transition from one identity to another. Some interpret this as removing her beauty to test the man's commitment; others see it as mourning ritual (cf. Jerem...
Read full commentary →

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**12-18. Certain men, the children of Belial--**lawless, designing demagogues (Jud 19:22; 1Sa 1:16; 25:25), who abused their influence to withdraw the inhabitants of the city to idol-worship.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 10-14** By this law a soldier was allowed to marry his captive, if he pleased. This might take place upon some occasions; but the law does not show any approval of it. It also intimates how binding the laws of justice and honour are in marriage; which is a sacred engagement.

And she shall put the raiment of her captivity from off her, and shall remain in thine house, and bewail her father and her mother a full month: and after that thou shalt go in unto her, and be her husband, and she shall be thy wife.

View commentary (3 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And she shall put the raiment of her captivity from off her</strong> (וְהֵסִירָה אֶת־שִׂמְלַת שִׁבְיָהּ)—Removing the <em>simlat shivyah</em> (garment of captivity) symbolizes leaving her former life behind. This echoes Paul's language of putting off the old self and putting on the new (Ephesians 4:22-24, Colossians 3:9-10).<br><br><strong>And shall remain in thine house, and bewail her fa...
Read full commentary →

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**12-18. Certain men, the children of Belial--**lawless, designing demagogues (Jud 19:22; 1Sa 1:16; 25:25), who abused their influence to withdraw the inhabitants of the city to idol-worship.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 10-14** By this law a soldier was allowed to marry his captive, if he pleased. This might take place upon some occasions; but the law does not show any approval of it. It also intimates how binding the laws of justice and honour are in marriage; which is a sacred engagement.

And it shall be, if thou have no delight in her, then thou shalt let her go whither she will; but thou shalt not sell her at all for money, thou shalt not make merchandise of her, because thou hast humbled her.

View commentary (3 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And it shall be, if thou have no delight in her, then thou shalt let her go whither she will</strong> (וְהָיָה אִם־לֹא חָפַצְתָּ בָּהּ וְשִׁלַּחְתָּהּ לְנַפְשָׁהּ)—If the man loses interest (<em>lo chafatsta</em>, you do not delight), he must <em>shilach lenafshah</em> (send her according to her desire), meaning release her to go where she chooses. This prevents treating her as disposable ...
Read full commentary →

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**12-18. Certain men, the children of Belial--**lawless, designing demagogues (Jud 19:22; 1Sa 1:16; 25:25), who abused their influence to withdraw the inhabitants of the city to idol-worship.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 10-14** By this law a soldier was allowed to marry his captive, if he pleased. This might take place upon some occasions; but the law does not show any approval of it. It also intimates how binding the laws of justice and honour are in marriage; which is a sacred engagement.

Rights of the Firstborn

If a man have two wives, one beloved, and another hated, and they have born him children, both the beloved and the hated; and if the firstborn son be hers that was hated:

View commentary (4 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>If a man have two wives, one beloved, and another hated</strong> (כִּי־תִהְיֶיןָ לְאִישׁ שְׁתֵּי נָשִׁים הָאַחַת אֲהוּבָה וְהָאַחַת שְׂנוּאָה)—The law acknowledges polygamy's reality without endorsing it. <em>Ahuv</em> (beloved) and <em>senu'ah</em> (hated) describe the emotional favoritism that destroys families. The term "hated" doesn't necessarily mean active malice, but comparative neg...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

Deuteronomy 21:15-17. **THE BIRTHRIGHT.** (15) **One beloved, and another hated**—i.e., *one preferred above the other, *according to the idiomatic use of this phrase in Hebrew. (17) **A double portion.**—Literally, *the mouth of two, i.e., *two shares. Supposing there were four sons, the estate would be divided into five shares, and the firstborn would take two. So Jacob said to Joseph (Genesis 4...
Read full commentary →

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**12-18. Certain men, the children of Belial--**lawless, designing demagogues (Jud 19:22; 1Sa 1:16; 25:25), who abused their influence to withdraw the inhabitants of the city to idol-worship.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 15-17** This law restrains men from disinheriting their eldest sons without just cause. The principle in this case as to children, is still binding to parents; they must give children their right without partiality.

Then it shall be, when he maketh his sons to inherit that which he hath, that he may not make the son of the beloved firstborn before the son of the hated, which is indeed the firstborn:

View commentary (3 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Then it shall be, when he maketh his sons to inherit that which he hath, that he may not make the son of the beloved firstborn</strong> (וְהָיָה בְּיוֹם הַנְחִילוֹ אֶת־בָּנָיו... לֹא יוּכַל לְבַכֵּר)—The verb <em>nachol</em> (to cause to inherit) describes the father's distribution of estate. The prohibition <em>lo yukhal levaker</em> (he cannot make firstborn) blocks manipulating the <em>...
Read full commentary →

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**12-18. Certain men, the children of Belial--**lawless, designing demagogues (Jud 19:22; 1Sa 1:16; 25:25), who abused their influence to withdraw the inhabitants of the city to idol-worship.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 15-17** This law restrains men from disinheriting their eldest sons without just cause. The principle in this case as to children, is still binding to parents; they must give children their right without partiality.

But he shall acknowledge the son of the hated for the firstborn, by giving him a double portion of all that he hath: for he is the beginning of his strength; the right of the firstborn is his. that: Heb. that is found with him

View commentary (2 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>But he shall acknowledge the son of the hated for the firstborn, by giving him a double portion of all that he hath</strong>—The Hebrew <em>bekhor</em> (firstborn) carries legal and theological weight throughout Scripture. The <em>pi shenayim</em> ("double portion," literally "mouth of two") means the firstborn receives twice what other sons receive, not two-thirds of the estate. If there ...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 15-17** This law restrains men from disinheriting their eldest sons without just cause. The principle in this case as to children, is still binding to parents; they must give children their right without partiality.

A Rebellious Son

If a man have a stubborn and rebellious son, which will not obey the voice of his father, or the voice of his mother, and that, when they have chastened him, will not hearken unto them:

View commentary (4 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>If a man have a stubborn and rebellious son</strong>—The Hebrew <em>ben sorer u-moreh</em> ("stubborn and rebellious son") describes persistent, incorrigible defiance, not childhood disobedience. <em>Sorer</em> derives from <em>sur</em> (to turn aside, rebel), while <em>moreh</em> means contentious, rebellious. This is covenant-breaking within the family structure.<br><br><strong>Which wil...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

Deuteronomy 21:18-21. **THE INCORRIGIBLE SON.** (18) **If a man have a stubborn and rebellious son.**—Here we are again reminded that the Law of Jehovah was also the civil and criminal law of Israel. The systematic breach of the first commandment of the second table of the Law, no less than of the first commandment of the first table, entailed the penalty of death. Manifestly this enactment, if ca...
Read full commentary →

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

CHAPTER 14 De 14:1, 2. God's People Must Not Disfigure Themselves in Mourning. **1. ye shall not cut yourselves ... for the dead--**It was a common practice of idolaters, both on ceremonious occasions of their worship (1Ki 18:28), and at funerals (compare Jr 16:6; 41:5), to make ghastly incisions on their faces and other parts of their persons with their finger nails or sharp instruments. The ...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 18-21** Observe how the criminal is here described. He is a stubborn and rebellious son. No child was to fare the worse for weakness of capacity, slowness, or dulness, but for wilfulness and obstinacy. Nothing draws men into all manner of wickedness, and hardens them in it more certainly and fatally, than drunkenness. When men take to drinking, they forget the law of honouring parents...
Read full commentary →

Then shall his father and his mother lay hold on him, and bring him out unto the elders of his city, and unto the gate of his place;

View commentary (2 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Then shall his father and his mother lay hold on him, and bring him out unto the elders of his city</strong>—The requirement for both parents to physically <em>tapsu</em> ("lay hold") and escort the son demonstrates their united testimony. This isn't vengeful anger but sorrowful necessity. <strong>Unto the elders of his city, and unto the gate of his place</strong>—<em>Ziqnei iro</em> ("el...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 18-21** Observe how the criminal is here described. He is a stubborn and rebellious son. No child was to fare the worse for weakness of capacity, slowness, or dulness, but for wilfulness and obstinacy. Nothing draws men into all manner of wickedness, and hardens them in it more certainly and fatally, than drunkenness. When men take to drinking, they forget the law of honouring parents...
Read full commentary →

And they shall say unto the elders of his city, This our son is stubborn and rebellious, he will not obey our voice; he is a glutton, and a drunkard.

View commentary (3 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>This our son is stubborn and rebellious, he will not obey our voice</strong>—The parental testimony <em>benenu zeh sorer u-moreh</em> ("this our son is stubborn and rebellious") repeats the language of verse 18, creating formal legal accusation. The phrase <em>einenu shomea be-qolenu</em> ("he will not obey our voice") emphasizes willful defiance of parental instruction rooted in Torah.<br...
Read full commentary →

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

De 14:3-21. What May Be Eaten, and What Not. **3. Thou shalt not eat any abominable thing--**that is, anything forbidden as unclean (see on Le 11:1).

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 18-21** Observe how the criminal is here described. He is a stubborn and rebellious son. No child was to fare the worse for weakness of capacity, slowness, or dulness, but for wilfulness and obstinacy. Nothing draws men into all manner of wickedness, and hardens them in it more certainly and fatally, than drunkenness. When men take to drinking, they forget the law of honouring parents...
Read full commentary →

And all the men of his city shall stone him with stones, that he die: so shalt thou put evil away from among you; and all Israel shall hear, and fear.

View commentary (2 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And all the men of his city shall stone him with stones, that he die</strong>—<em>Seqaluhu…ba-avanim va-met</em> ("they shall stone him with stones and he shall die") describes community execution, not parental or individual vengeance. Stoning was Israel's method for covenant violations requiring capital punishment, emphasizing corporate responsibility for maintaining holiness. The witness...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 18-21** Observe how the criminal is here described. He is a stubborn and rebellious son. No child was to fare the worse for weakness of capacity, slowness, or dulness, but for wilfulness and obstinacy. Nothing draws men into all manner of wickedness, and hardens them in it more certainly and fatally, than drunkenness. When men take to drinking, they forget the law of honouring parents...
Read full commentary →

Displaying a Hanged Man's Body

And if a man have committed a sin worthy of death, and he be to be put to death, and thou hang him on a tree:

View commentary (4 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And if a man have committed a sin worthy of death, and he be to be put to death, and thou hang him on a tree</strong>—The Hebrew <em>chet mishpat-mavet</em> ("sin worthy of death," literally "sin of judgment of death") indicates capital crimes under Mosaic law. <em>Talita oto al-ets</em> ("hang him on a tree") describes post-execution public display, not execution by hanging. Ancient Israe...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

Deuteronomy 21:22-23.—**HANGING.** (22) **And he be put to death.**—Better, *and he hath been put to death. *Hanging *followed *death in Israel (Joshua 10:26-27). (23) **His body shall not remain all night.**—Observed by Joshua, but broken by the Gibeonites (2Samuel 22:9-10; 2Samuel 22:14). **He that is hanged is accursed of God.**—In the LXX., “Cursed of God *is every one that hangeth upon a tree...
Read full commentary →

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

De 14:4-8. Of Beasts. **5. The hart--**(see on De 12:15). **fallow deer--**The Hebrew word (Jachmur) so rendered, does not represent the fallow deer, which is unknown in Western Asia, but an antelope (Oryx leucoryx), called by the Arabs, jazmar. It is of a white color, black at the extremities, and a bright red on the thighs. It was used at Solomon's table. **wild goat--**The word akko is dif...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 22-23** By the law of Moses, the touch of a dead body was defiling, therefore dead bodies must not be left hanging, as that would defile the land. There is one reason here which has reference to Christ; "He that is hanged is accursed of God;" that is, it is the highest degree of disgrace and reproach. Those who see a man thus hanging between heaven and earth, will conclude him abandon...
Read full commentary →

His body shall not remain all night upon the tree, but thou shalt in any wise bury him that day; (for he that is hanged is accursed of God;) that thy land be not defiled, which the LORD thy God giveth thee for an inheritance. accursed: Heb. the curse of God

View commentary (2 sources)

KJV Study Commentary

Burial requirement: 'His body shall not remain all night upon the tree, but thou shalt in any wise bury him that day; (for he that is hanged is accursed of God;) that thy land be not defiled, which the LORD thy God giveth thee for an inheritance.' Executed criminals hung on trees/poles must be buried same day. The phrase 'he that is hanged is accursed of God' (קִלְלַת אֱלֹהִים תָּלוּי, <em>qilelat...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 22-23** By the law of Moses, the touch of a dead body was defiling, therefore dead bodies must not be left hanging, as that would defile the land. There is one reason here which has reference to Christ; "He that is hanged is accursed of God;" that is, it is the highest degree of disgrace and reproach. Those who see a man thus hanging between heaven and earth, will conclude him abandon...
Read full commentary →

Test Your Knowledge

Continue Your Study