King James Version

What Does Romans 14:17 Mean?

Romans 14:17 in the King James Version says “For the kingdom of God is not meat and drink; but righteousness, and peace, and joy in the Holy Ghost. — study this verse from Romans chapter 14 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

For the kingdom of God is not meat and drink; but righteousness, and peace, and joy in the Holy Ghost.

Romans 14:17 · KJV


Context

15

But if thy brother be grieved with thy meat, now walkest thou not charitably . Destroy not him with thy meat, for whom Christ died. charitably: Gr. according to charity

16

Let not then your good be evil spoken of:

17

For the kingdom of God is not meat and drink; but righteousness, and peace, and joy in the Holy Ghost.

18

For he that in these things serveth Christ is acceptable to God, and approved of men.

19

Let us therefore follow after the things which make for peace, and things wherewith one may edify another.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
For the kingdom of God is not meat and drink; but righteousness, and peace, and joy in the Holy GhostOu gar estin hē basileia tou theou brōsis kai posis, alla dikaiosynē kai eirēnē kai chara en pneumati hagiō (οὐ γὰρ ἐστιν ἡ βασιλεία τοῦ θεοῦ βρῶσις καὶ πόσις, ἀλλὰ δικαιοσύνη καὶ εἰρήνη καὶ χαρὰ ἐν πνεύματι ἁγίῳ). Hē basileia tou theou (the kingdom of God) is God's saving reign breaking into the present through Christ. It's not brōsis kai posis (eating and drinking)—external rituals or dietary codes don't define kingdom citizenship.

It is dikaiosynē (righteousness—right standing with God, Romans 1:17), eirēnē (peace—reconciliation with God and others, 5:1), and chara (joy—Spirit-produced delight, Galatians 5:22). All three are en pneumati hagiō (in the Holy Spirit)—Spirit-generated, not self-produced. Paul relativizes disputable matters: don't major on minors (diet) while neglecting majors (righteousness, peace, joy). Kingdom priorities demand perspective—what matters eternally versus temporally?

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

This corrects both Jewish Christians making dietary laws salvific and Gentile Christians despising OT categories. The kingdom Jesus inaugurated transcends external observance (Mark 7:18-19, 'nothing entering defiles'). Pharisees tithed mint and dill while neglecting justice, mercy, faith (Matthew 23:23)—majoring on minors. Paul's triad (righteousness, peace, joy) echoes Isaiah 32:17, 'the work of righteousness shall be peace.' The kingdom manifests in transformed hearts, Spirit-indwelt lives, reconciled communities—not food codes. This shaped Reformation theology: external rites don't save; only Spirit-wrought faith produces righteousness.

Reflection Questions

  1. What 'meat and drink' issues (external, disputable matters) dominate your Christian community at the expense of righteousness, peace, and joy?
  2. How do you cultivate the kingdom's true marks—<em>dikaiosynē, eirēnē, chara en pneumati</em>—rather than focusing on externals?
  3. What would it look like for your church to prioritize kingdom essentials (Spirit-produced character) over disputable matters (dietary choices, calendar observance)?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 19 words
οὐ1 of 19

not

G3756

the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not

γάρ2 of 19

For

G1063

properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often with other particles)

ἐστιν3 of 19

is

G2076

he (she or it) is; also (with neuter plural) they are

4 of 19
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

βασιλεία5 of 19

the kingdom

G932

properly, royalty, i.e., (abstractly) rule, or (concretely) a realm (literally or figuratively)

τοῦ6 of 19
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

θεοῦ7 of 19

of God

G2316

a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)

βρῶσις8 of 19

meat

G1035

(abstractly) eating (literally or figuratively); by extension (concretely) food (literally or figuratively)

καὶ9 of 19

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

πόσις10 of 19

drink

G4213

a drinking (the act), i.e., (concretely) a draught

ἀλλὰ11 of 19

but

G235

properly, other things, i.e., (adverbially) contrariwise (in many relations)

δικαιοσύνη12 of 19

righteousness

G1343

equity (of character or act); specially (christian) justification

καὶ13 of 19

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

εἰρήνη14 of 19

peace

G1515

peace (literally or figuratively); by implication, prosperity

καὶ15 of 19

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

χαρὰ16 of 19

joy

G5479

cheerfulness, i.e., calm delight

ἐν17 of 19

in

G1722

"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc

πνεύματι18 of 19

Ghost

G4151

a current of air, i.e., breath (blast) or a breeze; by analogy or figuratively, a spirit, i.e., (human) the rational soul, (by implication) vital prin

ἁγίῳ·19 of 19

the Holy

G40

sacred (physically, pure, morally blameless or religious, ceremonially, consecrated)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Romans. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Romans 14:17 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Romans 14:17 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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