King James Version

What Does Matthew 5:47 Mean?

Matthew 5:47 in the King James Version says “And if ye salute your brethren only, what do ye more than others? do not even the publicans so? — study this verse from Matthew chapter 5 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

And if ye salute your brethren only, what do ye more than others? do not even the publicans so?

Matthew 5:47 · KJV


Context

45

That ye may be the children of your Father which is in heaven: for he maketh his sun to rise on the evil and on the good, and sendeth rain on the just and on the unjust.

46

For if ye love them which love you, what reward have ye? do not even the publicans the same?

47

And if ye salute your brethren only, what do ye more than others? do not even the publicans so?

48

Be ye therefore perfect, even as your Father which is in heaven is perfect.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Greeting only your brothers is ordinary behavior that even pagans practice. Christians must exceed this baseline, showing kindness to outsiders, strangers, and enemies. This distinctive love becomes visible witness to the transforming power of the gospel and God's indiscriminate grace.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Greeting in ancient culture involved not just acknowledgment but blessing and friendship. To limit greetings to one's own group was tribal thinking. Jesus calls His followers to practice boundary-crossing love that violates social norms for Kingdom purposes.

Reflection Questions

  1. How do you practice hospitality and friendship toward those outside your normal social circles?
  2. What would your neighbors or coworkers identify as distinctively Christian about your kindness?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 16 words
καὶ1 of 16

And

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

ἐὰν2 of 16

if

G1437

a conditional particle; in case that, provided, etc.; often used in connection with other particles to denote indefiniteness or uncertainty

ἀσπάσησθε3 of 16

ye salute

G782

to enfold in the arms, i.e., (by implication) to salute, (figuratively) to welcome

τοὺς4 of 16
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἀδελφοὺς5 of 16

brethren

G80

a brother (literally or figuratively) near or remote (much like g0001)

ὑμῶν6 of 16

your

G5216

of (from or concerning) you

μόνον7 of 16

only

G3440

merely

τί8 of 16

what

G5101

an interrogative pronoun, who, which or what (in direct or indirect questions)

περισσὸν9 of 16

ye more

G4053

superabundant (in quantity) or superior (in quality); by implication, excessive; adverbially (with g1537) violently; neuter (as noun) preeminence

ποιοῦσιν10 of 16

do

G4160

to make or do (in a very wide application, more or less direct)

οὐχὶ11 of 16

not

G3780

not indeed

καὶ12 of 16

And

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

οἱ13 of 16
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

τελῶναι14 of 16

the publicans

G5057

a tax-farmer, i.e., collector of public revenue

οὕτως15 of 16

so

G3779

in this way (referring to what precedes or follows)

ποιοῦσιν16 of 16

do

G4160

to make or do (in a very wide application, more or less direct)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Matthew. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Matthew 5:47 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Matthew 5:47 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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