King James Version

What Does Matthew 27:18 Mean?

Matthew 27:18 in the King James Version says “For he knew that for envy they had delivered him. — study this verse from Matthew chapter 27 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

For he knew that for envy they had delivered him.

Matthew 27:18 · KJV


Context

16

And they had then a notable prisoner, called Barabbas.

17

Therefore when they were gathered together, Pilate said unto them, Whom will ye that I release unto you? Barabbas, or Jesus which is called Christ?

18

For he knew that for envy they had delivered him.

19

When he was set down on the judgment seat, his wife sent unto him, saying, Have thou nothing to do with that just man: for I have suffered many things this day in a dream because of him.

20

But the chief priests and elders persuaded the multitude that they should ask Barabbas, and destroy Jesus.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
For he knew that for envy they had delivered him (διὰ φθόνον παρέδωκαν αὐτόν)—The Greek phthonon (envy, jealousy) reveals the true motive behind Jesus's execution. Pilate, pagan though he was, perceived what many miss: religious persecution often stems from envy of another's spiritual authority and following.

The chief priests envied Jesus's popularity (Matthew 21:46), His authority ('not as the scribes,' Matthew 7:29), His direct access to God. Envy drove Cain to murder Abel (Genesis 4), Joseph's brothers to sell him (Genesis 37), and Israel's leaders to crucify their Messiah. 'Phthonos is as cruel as the grave' (Song of Solomon 8:6).

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

The Sadducean chief priests held power through Roman appointment and temple control. Jesus threatened their authority by cleansing the temple (Matthew 21:12-13) and exposing their corruption. They faced loss of status, income, and political position.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does envy of others' spiritual gifts or effectiveness in ministry lead to destructive behavior even today?
  2. What does Pilate's recognition of envy reveal about how obvious our motives are to those around us?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 7 words
ᾔδει1 of 7

he knew

G1492

used only in certain past tenses, the others being borrowed from the equivalent g3700 and g3708; properly, to see (literally or figuratively); by impl

γὰρ2 of 7

For

G1063

properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often with other particles)

ὅτι3 of 7

that

G3754

demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because

διὰ4 of 7

for

G1223

through (in very wide applications, local, causal, or occasional)

φθόνον5 of 7

envy

G5355

ill-will (as detraction), i.e., jealousy (spite)

παρέδωκαν6 of 7

they had delivered

G3860

to surrender, i.e yield up, entrust, transmit

αὐτόν7 of 7

him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Matthew. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Matthew 27:18 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Matthew 27:18 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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