King James Version

What Does Matthew 27:20 Mean?

Matthew 27:20 in the King James Version says “But the chief priests and elders persuaded the multitude that they should ask Barabbas, and destroy Jesus. — study this verse from Matthew chapter 27 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

But the chief priests and elders persuaded the multitude that they should ask Barabbas, and destroy Jesus.

Matthew 27:20 · KJV


Context

18

For he knew that for envy they had delivered him.

19

When he was set down on the judgment seat, his wife sent unto him, saying, Have thou nothing to do with that just man: for I have suffered many things this day in a dream because of him.

20

But the chief priests and elders persuaded the multitude that they should ask Barabbas, and destroy Jesus.

21

The governor answered and said unto them, Whether of the twain will ye that I release unto you? They said, Barabbas.

22

Pilate saith unto them, What shall I do then with Jesus which is called Christ? They all say unto him, Let him be crucified.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
But the chief priests and elders persuaded the multitude that they should ask Barabbas, and destroy Jesus (ἔπεισαν... ἵνα αἰτήσωνται... ἀπολέσωσιν)—The Greek epeisan (persuaded) and apolesōsin (destroy) show deliberate manipulation toward murder. Religious leaders used their authority to incite judicial murder of the innocent.

This reversal from Sunday's 'Hosanna' (Matthew 21:9) to Friday's 'Crucify' demonstrates mob psychology's volatility and the power of authority figures to manipulate public opinion. The same mouths that praised now demanded death—a portrait of human fickleness and the danger of religious authority corrupted by self-interest.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

The crowd was likely composed of chief priests' dependents, temple workers, and supporters—different from the Galilean pilgrims who welcomed Jesus. In the early morning, leaders could gather their faction while Jesus's supporters were absent.

Reflection Questions

  1. How do spiritual leaders today sometimes use their influence to persuade people away from Christ?
  2. What does the crowd's manipulation teach about the importance of personal conviction versus following religious authorities?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 17 words
Οἱ1 of 17
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

δὲ2 of 17

But

G1161

but, and, etc

ἀρχιερεῖς3 of 17

the chief priests

G749

the high-priest (literally, of the jews; typically, christ); by extension a chief priest

καὶ4 of 17

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

οἱ5 of 17
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

πρεσβύτεροι6 of 17

elders

G4245

older; as noun, a senior; specially, an israelite sanhedrist (also figuratively, member of the celestial council) or christian "presbyter"

ἔπεισαν7 of 17

persuaded

G3982

to convince (by argument, true or false); by analogy, to pacify or conciliate (by other fair means); reflexively or passively, to assent (to evidence

τοὺς8 of 17
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ὄχλους9 of 17

the multitude

G3793

a throng (as borne along); by implication, the rabble; by extension, a class of people; figuratively, a riot

ἵνα10 of 17

that

G2443

in order that (denoting the purpose or the result)

αἰτήσωνται11 of 17

they should ask

G154

to ask (in genitive case)

τὸν12 of 17
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

Βαραββᾶν13 of 17

Barabbas

G912

son of abba; bar-abbas, an israelite

τὸν14 of 17
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

δὲ15 of 17

But

G1161

but, and, etc

Ἰησοῦν16 of 17

Jesus

G2424

jesus (i.e., jehoshua), the name of our lord and two (three) other israelites

ἀπολέσωσιν17 of 17

destroy

G622

to destroy fully (reflexively, to perish, or lose), literally or figuratively


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Matthew. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Matthew 27:20 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Matthew 27:20 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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