King James Version

What Does Matthew 10:13 Mean?

Matthew 10:13 in the King James Version says “And if the house be worthy, let your peace come upon it: but if it be not worthy, let your peace return to you. — study this verse from Matthew chapter 10 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

And if the house be worthy, let your peace come upon it: but if it be not worthy, let your peace return to you.

Matthew 10:13 · KJV


Context

11

And into whatsoever city or town ye shall enter, enquire who in it is worthy; and there abide till ye go thence.

12

And when ye come into an house, salute it.

13

And if the house be worthy, let your peace come upon it: but if it be not worthy, let your peace return to you.

14

And whosoever shall not receive you, nor hear your words, when ye depart out of that house or city, shake off the dust of your feet.

15

Verily I say unto you, It shall be more tolerable for the land of Sodom and Gomorrha in the day of judgment, than for that city.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Jesus explains conditional blessing: 'if the house be worthy, let your peace come upon it: but if it be not worthy, let your peace return to you' (και εαν μεν η η οικια αξια ελθατω η ειρηνη υμων επ αυτην εαν δε μη η αξια η ειρηνη υμων προς υμας επιστραφητω). The peace offered isn't automatic but conditional on reception. 'Worthy' (αξια) means receptive, responsive, welcoming. If the household receives the messengers and message, God's peace 'comes upon' them—blessing actualized. If they reject, 'peace returns' to the messengers—blessing withdrawn. This establishes sobering reality: gospel brings either blessing or judgment depending on response. The messengers aren't diminished by rejection; the peace returns to them. But rejectors lose opportunity for blessing.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Ancient Jewish culture understood conditional blessing. God's covenant promises required faithful response. Jesus radicalizes this: response to His messengers determines blessing or curse. The peace offered is the kingdom's presence and salvation. Acceptance brings God's reign; rejection leaves people under judgment. Early church experienced this: some cities received them gladly (Berea, Acts 17:11), others rejected violently (Thessalonica, Acts 17:5). Paul's pattern of turning from rejecting Jews to receptive Gentiles (Acts 13:46, 18:6) follows this principle.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does conditional blessing teach about human responsibility in receiving God's grace?
  2. How should Christian witnesses respond when their message is rejected?
  3. What does peace 'returning' to messengers reveal about God's sovereignty in gospel proclamation?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 24 words
καὶ1 of 24

And

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

ἐὰν2 of 24

if

G1437

a conditional particle; in case that, provided, etc.; often used in connection with other particles to denote indefiniteness or uncertainty

μὲν3 of 24
G3303

properly, indicative of affirmation or concession (in fact); usually followed by a contrasted clause with g1161 (this one, the former, etc.)

4 of 24

be

G5600

(may, might, can, could, would, should, must, etc.; also with g1487 and its comparative, as well as with other particles) be

5 of 24
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

οἰκία6 of 24

the house

G3614

properly, residence (abstractly), but usually (concretely) an abode (literally or figuratively); by implication, a family (especially domestics)

ἀξία7 of 24

worthy

G514

deserving, comparable or suitable (as if drawing praise)

ἐλθέτω8 of 24

come

G2064

to come or go (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)

9 of 24
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

εἰρήνη10 of 24

peace

G1515

peace (literally or figuratively); by implication, prosperity

ὑμῶν11 of 24

let your

G5216

of (from or concerning) you

ἐπ'12 of 24

upon

G1909

properly, meaning superimposition (of time, place, order, etc.), as a relation of distribution (with the genitive case), i.e., over, upon, etc.; of re

αὐτήν·13 of 24

it

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

ἐὰν14 of 24

if

G1437

a conditional particle; in case that, provided, etc.; often used in connection with other particles to denote indefiniteness or uncertainty

δὲ15 of 24

but

G1161

but, and, etc

μὴ16 of 24
G3361

(adverb) not, (conjunction) lest; also (as an interrogative implying a negative answer (whereas g3756 expects an affirmative one)) whether

17 of 24

be

G5600

(may, might, can, could, would, should, must, etc.; also with g1487 and its comparative, as well as with other particles) be

ἀξία18 of 24

worthy

G514

deserving, comparable or suitable (as if drawing praise)

19 of 24
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

εἰρήνη20 of 24

peace

G1515

peace (literally or figuratively); by implication, prosperity

ὑμῶν21 of 24

let your

G5216

of (from or concerning) you

πρὸς22 of 24

to

G4314

a preposition of direction; forward to, i.e., toward (with the genitive case, the side of, i.e., pertaining to; with the dative case, by the side of,

ὑμᾶς23 of 24

you

G5209

you (as the objective of a verb or preposition)

ἐπιστραφήτω24 of 24

return

G1994

to revert (literally, figuratively or morally)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Matthew. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Matthew 10:13 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Matthew 10:13 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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