King James Version

What Does Mark 13:20 Mean?

Mark 13:20 in the King James Version says “And except that the Lord had shortened those days, no flesh should be saved: but for the elect's sake, whom he hath chos... — study this verse from Mark chapter 13 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

And except that the Lord had shortened those days, no flesh should be saved: but for the elect's sake, whom he hath chosen, he hath shortened the days.

Mark 13:20 · KJV


Context

18

And pray ye that your flight be not in the winter.

19

For in those days shall be affliction, such as was not from the beginning of the creation which God created unto this time, neither shall be.

20

And except that the Lord had shortened those days, no flesh should be saved: but for the elect's sake, whom he hath chosen, he hath shortened the days.

21

And then if any man shall say to you, Lo, here is Christ; or, lo, he is there; believe him not:

22

For false Christs and false prophets shall rise, and shall shew signs and wonders, to seduce, if it were possible, even the elect.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Except that the Lord had shortened those days, no flesh should be saved—the Greek ei mē ekolobōsen kyrios tas hēmeras (εἰ μὴ ἐκολόβωσεν κύριος τὰς ἡμέρας, 'unless the Lord shortened the days') indicates divine intervention limiting tribulation's duration. Ou... esōthē pasa sarx (οὐκ... ἐσώθη πᾶσα σάρξ, 'no flesh should be saved') means no human would survive—universal extinction without God's mercy.

But for the elect's sake, whom he hath chosen, he hath shortened the days—God limits suffering because of His elect. The Greek eklektous (ἐκλεκτούς, 'elect/chosen') refers to those sovereignly chosen for salvation (Romans 8:29-33; Ephesians 1:4-5). God's purpose to save His people shapes history. This teaches divine sovereignty—history serves God's redemptive plan, not vice versa. God neither cruelly prolongs suffering nor allows His people's destruction. The elect's preservation demonstrates God's faithfulness to His covenant promises.

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Historical & Cultural Context

AD 70 siege lasted five months—long enough for horrific suffering, short enough that some survived. Had it continued years, complete annihilation might have occurred. Early Christians saw divine mercy in timing. Broader application: God has repeatedly limited judgment for His people's sake. Genesis flood saved Noah's family (8 people); Sodom's destruction spared Lot; Babylonian exile lasted 70 years, not forever; Antiochus' persecution ended after 3 years. Church history shows similar mercy—persecutions end, churches survive, remnants preserved. End-times tribulation, however severe, will be limited for elect's sake (Revelation 7:9-14 shows innumerable multitude from every nation). This isn't universalism—many perish—but God preserves His chosen. His sovereignty ensures history accomplishes redemptive purposes.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does God limiting tribulation 'for the elect's sake' teach about His sovereignty over history and commitment to His people?
  2. How does God's shortening the days for the elect's preservation differ from universalism (all saved) or fatalism (elect saved regardless)?
  3. How should Christians threatened by persecution or tribulation respond to this promise—what confidence does it provide?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 21 words
καὶ1 of 21

And

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

εἰ2 of 21
G1487

if, whether, that, etc

μὴ3 of 21
G3361

(adverb) not, (conjunction) lest; also (as an interrogative implying a negative answer (whereas g3756 expects an affirmative one)) whether

κύριος4 of 21

that the Lord

G2962

supreme in authority, i.e., (as noun) controller; by implication, master (as a respectful title)

ἐκολόβωσεν5 of 21

had shortened

G2856

to dock, i.e., (figuratively) abridge

τὰς6 of 21
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἡμέρας7 of 21

the days

G2250

day, i.e., (literally) the time space between dawn and dark, or the whole 24 hours (but several days were usually reckoned by the jews as inclusive of

οὐκ8 of 21

no

G3756

the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not

ἂν9 of 21

should be

G302

whatsoever

ἐσώθη10 of 21

saved

G4982

to save, i.e., deliver or protect (literally or figuratively)

πᾶσα11 of 21
G3956

all, any, every, the whole

σάρξ·12 of 21

flesh

G4561

flesh (as stripped of the skin), i.e., (strictly) the meat of an animal (as food), or (by extension) the body (as opposed to the soul (or spirit), or

ἀλλὰ13 of 21

but

G235

properly, other things, i.e., (adverbially) contrariwise (in many relations)

διὰ14 of 21

for

G1223

through (in very wide applications, local, causal, or occasional)

τοὺς15 of 21
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἐκλεκτοὺς16 of 21

the elect's sake

G1588

select; by implication, favorite

οὓς17 of 21

whom

G3739

the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that

ἐξελέξατο18 of 21

he hath chosen

G1586

to select

ἐκολόβωσεν19 of 21

had shortened

G2856

to dock, i.e., (figuratively) abridge

τὰς20 of 21
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἡμέρας21 of 21

the days

G2250

day, i.e., (literally) the time space between dawn and dark, or the whole 24 hours (but several days were usually reckoned by the jews as inclusive of


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Mark. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Mark 13:20 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Mark 13:20 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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