King James Version

What Does Luke 9:18 Mean?

Luke 9:18 in the King James Version says “And it came to pass, as he was alone praying, his disciples were with him: and he asked them, saying, Whom say the peopl... — study this verse from Luke chapter 9 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

And it came to pass, as he was alone praying, his disciples were with him: and he asked them, saying, Whom say the people that I am?

Luke 9:18 · KJV


Context

16

Then he took the five loaves and the two fishes, and looking up to heaven, he blessed them, and brake, and gave to the disciples to set before the multitude.

17

And they did eat, and were all filled: and there was taken up of fragments that remained to them twelve baskets.

18

And it came to pass, as he was alone praying, his disciples were with him: and he asked them, saying, Whom say the people that I am?

19

They answering said, John the Baptist; but some say, Elias; and others say, that one of the old prophets is risen again.

20

He said unto them, But whom say ye that I am? Peter answering said, The Christ of God.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And it came to pass, as he was alone praying (Καὶ ἐγένετο ἐν τῷ εἶναι αὐτὸν προσευχόμενον κατὰ μόνας, Kai egeneto en tō einai auton proseuchomenon kata monas)—Luke uniquely emphasizes Jesus's prayer life (3:21, 5:16, 6:12, 9:18, 28-29, 11:1, 22:41, 23:46). The phrase kata monas ("in solitude, privately") indicates Jesus withdrew from the crowd after the feeding miracle. John 6:15 explains why: the crowd wanted to make Him king by force, misunderstanding His messianic mission. Jesus escaped to pray.

His disciples were with him—Though "alone," Jesus had the Twelve with Him—alone from crowds but not from His inner circle. This sets up intimate teaching. And he asked them, saying, Whom say the people that I am? (ἐπηρώτησεν αὐτοὺς λέγων· Τίνα με λέγουσιν οἱ ὄχλοι εἶναι, epērōtēsen autous legōn: Tina me legousin hoi ochloi einai)—Jesus initiates a crucial conversation about His identity. The question tests the disciples' awareness of public opinion before probing their personal conviction. This pedagogical method moves from external observation to internal commitment, from what "they" say to what "you" believe. The timing is strategic—after demonstrating His power to create bread from nothing, Jesus presses the identity question that bread alone cannot answer.

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Historical & Cultural Context

This conversation likely occurred shortly after the feeding of the 5,000, during Jesus's withdrawal to pray. Luke's Gospel portrays Jesus at prayer before every major decision and revelation—before choosing the Twelve (6:12), before this confession at Caesarea Philippi, before the Transfiguration (9:28-29), before teaching the Lord's Prayer (11:1). The location (implied by parallel accounts) was near Caesarea Philippi, a heavily pagan area with shrines to Pan and Caesar, making the confession of Jesus as Messiah particularly significant. The question about popular opinion reflects the diverse speculation recorded in 9:7-8—John the Baptist, Elijah, or an ancient prophet resurrected.

Reflection Questions

  1. Why does Jesus ask about public opinion before asking the disciples' personal conviction, and what does this teach about moving from cultural Christianity to personal faith?
  2. What does Luke's emphasis on Jesus praying before major events teach about the relationship between prayer and discernment of God's will?
  3. How does the timing of this question—after a spectacular miracle—challenge the idea that displays of power alone produce correct understanding of Jesus's identity?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 22 words
καὶ1 of 22

And

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

ἐγένετο2 of 22

it came to pass

G1096

to cause to be ("gen"-erate), i.e., (reflexively) to become (come into being), used with great latitude (literal, figurative, intensive, etc.)

ἐν3 of 22

as

G1722

"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc

τῷ4 of 22
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

εἶναι5 of 22

am

G1511

to exist

αὐτοὺς6 of 22

him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

προσευχόμενον7 of 22

praying

G4336

to pray to god, i.e., supplicate, worship

κατὰμόνας,8 of 22

alone

G2651

according to sole places, i.e., (adverbially) separately

συνῆσαν9 of 22

were with

G4895

to be in company with, i.e., present at the time

αὐτοὺς10 of 22

him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

οἱ11 of 22
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

μαθηταί12 of 22

disciples

G3101

a learner, i.e., pupil

καὶ13 of 22

And

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

ἐπηρώτησεν14 of 22

he asked

G1905

to ask for, i.e., inquire, seek

αὐτοὺς15 of 22

him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

λέγουσιν16 of 22

say

G3004

properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an

Τίνα17 of 22

Whom

G5101

an interrogative pronoun, who, which or what (in direct or indirect questions)

με18 of 22

that I

G3165

me

λέγουσιν19 of 22

say

G3004

properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an

οἱ20 of 22
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ὄχλοι21 of 22

the people

G3793

a throng (as borne along); by implication, the rabble; by extension, a class of people; figuratively, a riot

εἶναι22 of 22

am

G1511

to exist


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Luke. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Luke 9:18 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Luke 9:18 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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