King James Version

What Does Luke 22:56 Mean?

Luke 22:56 in the King James Version says “But a certain maid beheld him as he sat by the fire, and earnestly looked upon him, and said, This man was also with him... — study this verse from Luke chapter 22 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

But a certain maid beheld him as he sat by the fire, and earnestly looked upon him, and said, This man was also with him.

Luke 22:56 · KJV


Context

54

Then took they him, and led him, and brought him into the high priest's house. And Peter followed afar off.

55

And when they had kindled a fire in the midst of the hall, and were set down together, Peter sat down among them.

56

But a certain maid beheld him as he sat by the fire, and earnestly looked upon him, and said, This man was also with him.

57

And he denied him, saying, Woman, I know him not.

58

And after a little while another saw him, and said, Thou art also of them. And Peter said, Man, I am not.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
But a certain maid beheld him as he sat by the fire, and earnestly looked upon him, and said, This man was also with him. Peter's first challenge comes from an unexpected source—not a powerful priest or soldier but a servant girl. The verb atenisasa autō (ἀτενίσασα αὐτῷ, 'having looked intently at him') indicates sustained, penetrating gaze. She studies his face in the firelight, and the Greek kai houtos syn autō ēn (καὶ οὗτος σὺν αὐτῷ ἦν, 'this one also was with him') uses syn (σύν, 'with'), the preposition of close association. She doesn't accuse Peter of being Jesus' disciple but simply observes he was 'with him'—guilty by association.

The irony is profound: Peter feared the powerful but falls to the powerless. A paidiskē (παιδίσκη, 'servant girl') has no authority to arrest or harm him, yet Peter's courage evaporates. This reveals that his bravado (v. 33, 'I am ready to go with thee') was self-confidence, not Spirit-confidence. When the Spirit departs, even a servant's observation terrifies. The maid's recognition suggests Peter's Galilean features or mannerisms betrayed him despite sitting silently.

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Historical & Cultural Context

The servant girl was likely the doorkeeper mentioned in John 18:16-17. In ancient society, servants held low status, making Peter's fear more shameful—he fears the judgment of the powerless. Her identification was probably based on Peter having entered with John, whom she knew. Galileans were distinct from Judeans in speech, dress, and appearance. Peter's fisherman features and northern accent would mark him. That she speaks publicly about him increases Peter's panic—others will now scrutinize him.

Reflection Questions

  1. Why does Peter collapse before a powerless servant girl after boldly attacking armed soldiers?
  2. What does this reveal about the nature of courage—is it circumstantial or Spirit-empowered?
  3. When have you denied Christ before 'powerless' observers rather than face social awkwardness?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 18 words
ἰδοῦσα1 of 18

beheld

G1492

used only in certain past tenses, the others being borrowed from the equivalent g3700 and g3708; properly, to see (literally or figuratively); by impl

δὲ2 of 18

But

G1161

but, and, etc

αὐτῷ3 of 18

him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

παιδίσκη4 of 18

maid

G3814

a girl, i.e., (specially), a female slave or servant

τις5 of 18

a certain

G5100

some or any person or object

καθήμενον6 of 18

as he sat

G2521

and ???? (to sit; akin to the base of g1476); to sit down; figuratively, to remain, reside

πρὸς7 of 18

by

G4314

a preposition of direction; forward to, i.e., toward (with the genitive case, the side of, i.e., pertaining to; with the dative case, by the side of,

τὸ8 of 18
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

φῶς9 of 18

the fire

G5457

luminousness (in the widest application, natural or artificial, abstract or concrete, literal or figurative)

Καὶ10 of 18

also

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

ἀτενίσασα11 of 18

earnestly looked

G816

to gaze intently

αὐτῷ12 of 18

him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

εἶπεν13 of 18

and said

G2036

to speak or say (by word or writing)

Καὶ14 of 18

also

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

οὗτος15 of 18

This man

G3778

the he (she or it), i.e., this or that (often with article repeated)

σὺν16 of 18

with

G4862

with or together (but much closer than g3326 or g3844), i.e., by association, companionship, process, resemblance, possession, instrumentality, additi

αὐτῷ17 of 18

him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

ἦν·18 of 18

was

G2258

i (thou, etc.) was (wast or were)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Luke. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Luke 22:56 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Luke 22:56 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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