King James Version

What Does Luke 22:55 Mean?

Luke 22:55 in the King James Version says “And when they had kindled a fire in the midst of the hall, and were set down together, Peter sat down among them. — study this verse from Luke chapter 22 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

And when they had kindled a fire in the midst of the hall, and were set down together, Peter sat down among them.

Luke 22:55 · KJV


Context

53

When I was daily with you in the temple, ye stretched forth no hands against me: but this is your hour, and the power of darkness.

54

Then took they him, and led him, and brought him into the high priest's house. And Peter followed afar off.

55

And when they had kindled a fire in the midst of the hall, and were set down together, Peter sat down among them.

56

But a certain maid beheld him as he sat by the fire, and earnestly looked upon him, and said, This man was also with him.

57

And he denied him, saying, Woman, I know him not.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And when they had kindled a fire in the midst of the hall, and were set down together, Peter sat down among them. The scene sets Peter's denial. The phrase periapsantōn pyr en mesō tēs aulēs kai synkathisantōn (περιαψάντων πῦρ ἐν μέσῳ τῆς αὐλῆς καὶ συγκαθισάντων, 'having kindled fire in middle of courtyard and sitting together') describes a cold night—Passover was in early spring (March/April) when Jerusalem temperatures drop. The fire provided light and warmth, but for Peter it became a spotlight of shame. Ekathēto ho Petros mesos autōn (ἐκάθητο ὁ Πέτρος μέσος αὐτῶν, 'Peter sat in their midst') shows him surrounded by Jesus' enemies—servants, guards, arrest party members.

Peter's position is perilous. He wanted to know Jesus' fate but feared identification with Him. So he infiltrates enemy territory, sitting mesos (μέσος, 'in the midst')—surrounded, trapped. This physical encirclement mirrors spiritual entrapment. Rather than standing outside the door or leaving, Peter tries to blend in—the posture of compromise. The fire's light will expose him (v. 56), just as truth always exposes pretense.

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Historical & Cultural Context

The courtyard (aulē) was typical of wealthy Jerusalem homes—an open-air space with rooms surrounding it. Guards and servants gathered there while their superiors interrogated Jesus inside. John's Gospel notes that John, known to the high priest, gained entrance for Peter (John 18:15-16). Peter's Galilean accent would make him conspicuous among Judean servants. The fire was likely a brazier or pit in the courtyard's center. Spring nights in Jerusalem can reach 40-50°F, making fire necessary.

Reflection Questions

  1. Why did Peter enter the enemy's courtyard rather than flee or stand outside?
  2. What does 'sitting in their midst' reveal about the compromise between safety and solidarity?
  3. How do Christians today sit 'among enemies' trying to hide their faith?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 16 words
ἀψάντων1 of 16

when they had kindled

G681

properly, to fasten to, i.e., (specially) to set on fire

δὲ2 of 16

And

G1161

but, and, etc

πῦρ3 of 16

a fire

G4442

"fire" (literally or figuratively, specially, lightning)

ἐν4 of 16

in

G1722

"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc

μέσῳ5 of 16

among

G3319

middle (as an adjective or (neuter) noun)

τῆς6 of 16
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

αὐλῆς7 of 16

of the hall

G833

a yard (as open to the wind); by implication, a mansion

καὶ8 of 16

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

συγκαθισάντων9 of 16

were set down together

G4776

to give (or take) a seat in company with

αὐτῶν,10 of 16

them

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

ἐκάθητο11 of 16

sat down

G2521

and ???? (to sit; akin to the base of g1476); to sit down; figuratively, to remain, reside

12 of 16
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

Πέτρος13 of 16

Peter

G4074

a (piece of) rock (larger than g3037); as a name, petrus, an apostle

ἐν14 of 16

in

G1722

"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc

μέσῳ15 of 16

among

G3319

middle (as an adjective or (neuter) noun)

αὐτῶν,16 of 16

them

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Luke. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Luke 22:55 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Luke 22:55 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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