King James Version

What Does Luke 22:23 Mean?

Luke 22:23 in the King James Version says “And they began to enquire among themselves, which of them it was that should do this thing. — study this verse from Luke chapter 22 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

And they began to enquire among themselves, which of them it was that should do this thing.

Luke 22:23 · KJV


Context

21

But, behold, the hand of him that betrayeth me is with me on the table.

22

And truly the Son of man goeth, as it was determined: but woe unto that man by whom he is betrayed!

23

And they began to enquire among themselves, which of them it was that should do this thing.

24

And there was also a strife among them, which of them should be accounted the greatest.

25

And he said unto them, The kings of the Gentiles exercise lordship over them; and they that exercise authority upon them are called benefactors.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
They began to enquire among themselves, which of them it was (τὸ τίς ἄρα εἴη, to tis ara eie)—The disciples' question reveals their genuine confusion and, remarkably, their self-awareness of potential sin. Each asked "Is it I?" (Matthew 26:22), showing they recognized their own capacity for betrayal. This honest self-examination contrasts with Judas's feigned innocence.

The Greek construction indicates ongoing, intense discussion (ἐπιζητέω, epizeteo—to seek earnestly). Even in this solemn moment, the Twelve couldn't identify the traitor among them—Judas's external conformity had been convincing. This warns that apostasy can masquerade as authentic faith, even among the closest disciples (1 John 2:19).

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

The Passover setting included reclining positions that made it difficult to identify who Jesus meant. Jewish culture valued group solidarity, so the accusation of betrayal would have shocked all participants. The disciples' inability to detect Judas's true heart demonstrates how skillfully he concealed his greed and unbelief for three years.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does the disciples' self-questioning teach about the importance of regular spiritual self-examination?
  2. How can we better discern genuine faith from convincing counterfeits in our communities?
  3. Why is it dangerous to assume we are immune to serious spiritual failure?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 16 words
καὶ1 of 16

And

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

αὐτῶν2 of 16

them

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

ἤρξαντο3 of 16

began

G756

to commence (in order of time)

συζητεῖν4 of 16

to enquire

G4802

to investigate jointly, i.e., discuss, controvert, cavil

πρὸς5 of 16

among

G4314

a preposition of direction; forward to, i.e., toward (with the genitive case, the side of, i.e., pertaining to; with the dative case, by the side of,

ἑαυτοὺς6 of 16

themselves

G1438

(him- her-, it-, them-, my-, thy-, our-, your-)self (selves), etc

τὸ7 of 16
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

τίς8 of 16

which

G5101

an interrogative pronoun, who, which or what (in direct or indirect questions)

ἄρα9 of 16
G687

therefore

εἴη10 of 16

it was

G1498

might (could, would, or should) be

ἐξ11 of 16

of

G1537

a primary preposition denoting origin (the point whence action or motion proceeds), from, out (of place, time, or cause literal or figurative; direct

αὐτῶν12 of 16

them

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

13 of 16
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

τοῦτο14 of 16

this thing

G5124

that thing

μέλλων15 of 16

that should

G3195

to intend, i.e., be about to be, do, or suffer something (of persons or things, especially events; in the sense of purpose, duty, necessity, probabili

πράσσειν16 of 16

do

G4238

to "practise", i.e., perform repeatedly or habitually (thus differing from g4160, which properly refers to a single act); by implication, to execute,


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Luke. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Luke 22:23 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Luke 22:23 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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