King James Version

What Does Luke 15:18 Mean?

Luke 15:18 in the King James Version says “I will arise and go to my father, and will say unto him, Father, I have sinned against heaven, and before thee, — study this verse from Luke chapter 15 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

I will arise and go to my father, and will say unto him, Father, I have sinned against heaven, and before thee,

Luke 15:18 · KJV


Context

16

And he would fain have filled his belly with the husks that the swine did eat: and no man gave unto him.

17

And when he came to himself, he said, How many hired servants of my father's have bread enough and to spare, and I perish with hunger!

18

I will arise and go to my father, and will say unto him, Father, I have sinned against heaven, and before thee,

19

And am no more worthy to be called thy son: make me as one of thy hired servants.

20

And he arose, and came to his father. But when he was yet a great way off, his father saw him, and had compassion, and ran, and fell on his neck, and kissed him.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Jesus begins the second parable: 'Either what woman having ten pieces of silver, if she lose one piece, doth not light a candle, and sweep the house, and seek diligently till she find it?' (ἢ τίς γυνὴ δραχμὰς ἔχουσα δέκα, ἐὰν ἀπολέσῃ δραχμὴν μίαν, οὐχὶ ἅπτει λύχνον καὶ σαροῖ τὴν οἰκίαν καὶ ζητεῖ ἐπιμελῶς ἕως οὗ εὕρῃ;). The woman's diligent search—lighting a lamp (ἅπτει λύχνον), sweeping (σαροῖ), seeking carefully (ζητεῖ ἐπιμελῶς)—illustrates God's active pursuit of the lost. The coin (δραχμή, drachma, a day's wage) has significant value, and the woman expends effort disproportionate to the loss by human calculation. This reveals God's perspective: each person has infinite worth, justifying extraordinary effort in salvation.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

In first-century Palestinian culture, a woman's ten silver coins might represent her entire dowry or life savings. Poor families lived in small, dark houses with dirt floors, making a lost coin difficult to find. The woman's methodical search and subsequent celebration with neighbors (v.9) would resonate with the audience's own experience of loss and recovery. That Jesus uses a woman as the main character (following the shepherd parable) demonstrates the gospel's inclusivity—God's seeking love transcends gender, ethnicity, and social status.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does the woman's diligent, thorough search illustrate the comprehensive nature of God's work in salvation?
  2. What does Jesus' use of both male (shepherd) and female (woman) protagonists teach about gender equality in the gospel?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 17 words
ἀναστὰς1 of 17

I will arise

G450

to stand up (literal or figurative, transitive or intransitive)

πορεύσομαι2 of 17

and go

G4198

to traverse, i.e., travel (literally or figuratively; especially to remove (figuratively, die), live, etc.)

πρὸς3 of 17

to

G4314

a preposition of direction; forward to, i.e., toward (with the genitive case, the side of, i.e., pertaining to; with the dative case, by the side of,

τὸν4 of 17
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

Πάτερ5 of 17

Father

G3962

a "father" (literally or figuratively, near or more remote)

μου6 of 17

my

G3450

of me

καὶ7 of 17

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

ἐρῶ8 of 17

will say

G2046

an alternate for g2036 in certain tenses; to utter, i.e., speak or say

αὐτῷ9 of 17

unto him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

Πάτερ10 of 17

Father

G3962

a "father" (literally or figuratively, near or more remote)

ἥμαρτον11 of 17

I have sinned

G264

properly, to miss the mark (and so not share in the prize), i.e., (figuratively) to err, especially (morally) to sin

εἰς12 of 17

against

G1519

to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases

τὸν13 of 17
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

οὐρανὸν14 of 17

heaven

G3772

the sky; by extension, heaven (as the abode of god); by implication, happiness, power, eternity; specially, the gospel (christianity)

καὶ15 of 17

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

ἐνώπιόν16 of 17

before

G1799

in the face of (literally or figuratively)

σου17 of 17

thee

G4675

of thee, thy


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Luke. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Luke 15:18 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Luke 15:18 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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