King James Version

What Does Luke 1:13 Mean?

Luke 1:13 in the King James Version says “But the angel said unto him, Fear not, Zacharias: for thy prayer is heard; and thy wife Elisabeth shall bear thee a son,... — study this verse from Luke chapter 1 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

But the angel said unto him, Fear not, Zacharias: for thy prayer is heard; and thy wife Elisabeth shall bear thee a son, and thou shalt call his name John.

Luke 1:13 · KJV


Context

11

And there appeared unto him an angel of the Lord standing on the right side of the altar of incense.

12

And when Zacharias saw him, he was troubled, and fear fell upon him.

13

But the angel said unto him, Fear not, Zacharias: for thy prayer is heard; and thy wife Elisabeth shall bear thee a son, and thou shalt call his name John.

14

And thou shalt have joy and gladness; and many shall rejoice at his birth.

15

For he shall be great in the sight of the Lord, and shall drink neither wine nor strong drink; and he shall be filled with the Holy Ghost, even from his mother's womb.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Gabriel's announcement begins with 'Fear not, Zacharias' (μὴ φοβοῦ, Ζαχαρία), addressing the natural human response to divine presence. The phrase 'thy prayer is heard' (εἰσηκούσθη ἡ δέησίς σου) uses the aorist passive, indicating God had already acted on Zacharias's petition. This raises the question: was Zacharias still praying for a son in his old age, or does this refer to years of earlier prayers? The latter seems likely, demonstrating that God's timing differs from ours—He answers according to His redemptive purposes, not our timelines. The promise that John would be 'filled with the Holy Ghost, even from his mother's womb' (v.15) anticipates the new covenant's Spirit-empowerment.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Zacharias belonged to the priestly division of Abijah (one of 24 divisions, 1 Chronicles 24:10), each serving one week twice yearly in the temple. The privilege of burning incense in the Holy Place came once in a lifetime by lot—this was likely Zacharias's only opportunity. The barrenness of Elizabeth and Zacharias mirrors other faithful couples (Abraham/Sarah, Elkanah/Hannah), establishing a pattern where God's redemptive work begins with human impossibility.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does God's delayed answer to Zacharias's prayers teach about divine timing and purpose?
  2. How does John's Spirit-filling from the womb foreshadow the new covenant's gift of the Holy Spirit to all believers?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 28 words
εἶπεν1 of 28

said

G2036

to speak or say (by word or writing)

δὲ2 of 28

But

G1161

but, and, etc

πρὸς3 of 28

unto

G4314

a preposition of direction; forward to, i.e., toward (with the genitive case, the side of, i.e., pertaining to; with the dative case, by the side of,

αὐτοῦ4 of 28

him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

5 of 28
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἄγγελος6 of 28

the angel

G32

compare g0034) (to bring tidings); a messenger; especially an "angel"; by implication, a pastor

Μὴ7 of 28

not

G3361

(adverb) not, (conjunction) lest; also (as an interrogative implying a negative answer (whereas g3756 expects an affirmative one)) whether

φοβοῦ8 of 28

Fear

G5399

to frighten, i.e., (passively) to be alarmed; by analogy, to be in awe of, i.e., revere

Ζαχαρία9 of 28

Zacharias

G2197

zacharias (i.e., zechariah), the name of two israelites

διότι10 of 28

for

G1360

on the very account that, or inasmuch as

εἰσηκούσθη11 of 28

is heard

G1522

to listen to

12 of 28
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

δέησίς13 of 28

prayer

G1162

a petition

σου14 of 28

thy

G4675

of thee, thy

καὶ15 of 28

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

16 of 28
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

γυνή17 of 28

wife

G1135

a woman; specially, a wife

σου18 of 28

thy

G4675

of thee, thy

Ἐλισάβετ19 of 28

Elisabeth

G1665

elisabet, an israelitess

γεννήσει20 of 28

shall bear

G1080

to procreate (properly, of the father, but by extension of the mother); figuratively, to regenerate

υἱόν21 of 28

a son

G5207

a "son" (sometimes of animals), used very widely of immediate, remote or figuratively, kinship

σοι22 of 28

thee

G4671

to thee

καὶ23 of 28

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

καλέσεις24 of 28

thou shalt call

G2564

to "call" (properly, aloud, but used in a variety of applications, directly or otherwise)

τὸ25 of 28
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ὄνομα26 of 28

name

G3686

a "name" (literally or figuratively) (authority, character)

αὐτοῦ27 of 28

him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

Ἰωάννην28 of 28

John

G2491

joannes (i.e., jochanan), the name of four israelites


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Luke. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Luke 1:13 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Luke 1:13 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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