King James Version

What Does Luke 1:11 Mean?

Luke 1:11 in the King James Version says “And there appeared unto him an angel of the Lord standing on the right side of the altar of incense. — study this verse from Luke chapter 1 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

And there appeared unto him an angel of the Lord standing on the right side of the altar of incense.

Luke 1:11 · KJV


Context

9

According to the custom of the priest's office, his lot was to burn incense when he went into the temple of the Lord.

10

And the whole multitude of the people were praying without at the time of incense.

11

And there appeared unto him an angel of the Lord standing on the right side of the altar of incense.

12

And when Zacharias saw him, he was troubled, and fear fell upon him.

13

But the angel said unto him, Fear not, Zacharias: for thy prayer is heard; and thy wife Elisabeth shall bear thee a son, and thou shalt call his name John.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The angel's appearance 'on the right side of the altar of incense' is highly significant. The right side represented the place of honor and favor in Jewish symbolism. The altar of incense stood in the Holy Place before the veil, representing prayers ascending to God. Gabriel's appearance at this exact location during Zechariah's prayer ministry signifies that God had heard the prayers for a son and for Israel's redemption. The timing—during temple service before assembled worshippers—would make this announcement maximally public and verifiable.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Temple service followed strict protocols established in the Mosaic law and refined through centuries of tradition. Only priests could enter the Holy Place, and offering incense was a once-in-a-lifetime privilege assigned by lot. The assembled people waited outside, praying during the incense offering. Gabriel's appearance during this solemn moment parallels other divine interventions at key redemptive moments (Moses at the burning bush, Isaiah's temple vision). The angel Gabriel had last appeared in Daniel 9:21 announcing the 70 weeks prophecy about Messiah's coming.

Reflection Questions

  1. Why did God choose this particular moment—during public temple worship—to announce John the Baptist's birth?
  2. How does the location of Gabriel's appearance (at the altar of incense during prayer) emphasize God's responsiveness to prayer?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 12 words
ὤφθη1 of 12

there appeared

G3700

to gaze (i.e., with wide-open eyes, as at something remarkable; and thus differing from g0991, which denotes simply voluntary observation; and from g1

δὲ2 of 12

And

G1161

but, and, etc

αὐτῷ3 of 12

unto him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

ἄγγελος4 of 12

an angel

G32

compare g0034) (to bring tidings); a messenger; especially an "angel"; by implication, a pastor

κυρίου5 of 12

of the Lord

G2962

supreme in authority, i.e., (as noun) controller; by implication, master (as a respectful title)

ἑστὼς6 of 12

standing

G2476

to stand (transitively or intransitively), used in various applications (literally or figuratively)

ἐκ7 of 12

on

G1537

a primary preposition denoting origin (the point whence action or motion proceeds), from, out (of place, time, or cause literal or figurative; direct

δεξιῶν8 of 12

the right side

G1188

the right side or (feminine) hand (as that which usually takes)

τοῦ9 of 12
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

θυσιαστηρίου10 of 12

of the altar

G2379

a place of sacrifice, i.e., an altar (special or genitive case, literal or figurative)

τοῦ11 of 12
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

θυμιάματος12 of 12

of incense

G2368

an aroma, i.e., fragrant powder burnt in religious service; by implication, the burning itself


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Luke. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Luke 1:11 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Luke 1:11 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Test Your Knowledge

Continue Your Study