King James Version

What Does Luke 1:12 Mean?

Luke 1:12 in the King James Version says “And when Zacharias saw him, he was troubled, and fear fell upon him. — study this verse from Luke chapter 1 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

And when Zacharias saw him, he was troubled, and fear fell upon him.

Luke 1:12 · KJV


Context

10

And the whole multitude of the people were praying without at the time of incense.

11

And there appeared unto him an angel of the Lord standing on the right side of the altar of incense.

12

And when Zacharias saw him, he was troubled, and fear fell upon him.

13

But the angel said unto him, Fear not, Zacharias: for thy prayer is heard; and thy wife Elisabeth shall bear thee a son, and thou shalt call his name John.

14

And thou shalt have joy and gladness; and many shall rejoice at his birth.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Zacharias's trouble and fear upon seeing the angel reveals the natural human response to divine revelation. The Greek 'etarachthe' (troubled) and 'phobos epepesen' (fear fell upon) indicate overwhelming awe before the supernatural. Even righteous men recognize their unworthiness before God's messengers. This fear differs from terror—it's reverential awe mixed with awareness of human frailty before divine holiness. The pattern appears throughout Scripture: divine visitations produce fear that must be addressed with 'Fear not.'

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Historical & Cultural Context

Angelic appearances had been rare during the intertestamental period (400 years of prophetic silence). Zacharias's reaction reflects both the unexpected nature of this visitation and the weight of centuries of waiting for God to speak again to His people.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does holy fear before God's presence look like in the believer's life?
  2. How should we balance reverence and confidence in approaching God?
  3. Why is it significant that God broke His silence through an angel appearing to a faithful priest?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 9 words
καὶ1 of 9

And

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

ἐταράχθη2 of 9

him he was troubled

G5015

to stir or agitate (roil water)

Ζαχαρίας3 of 9

when Zacharias

G2197

zacharias (i.e., zechariah), the name of two israelites

ἰδών4 of 9

saw

G1492

used only in certain past tenses, the others being borrowed from the equivalent g3700 and g3708; properly, to see (literally or figuratively); by impl

καὶ5 of 9

And

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

φόβος6 of 9

fear

G5401

alarm or fright

ἐπέπεσεν7 of 9

fell

G1968

to embrace (with affection) or seize (with more or less violence; literally or figuratively)

ἐπ'8 of 9

upon

G1909

properly, meaning superimposition (of time, place, order, etc.), as a relation of distribution (with the genitive case), i.e., over, upon, etc.; of re

αὐτόν9 of 9

him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Luke. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Luke 1:12 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Luke 1:12 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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