King James Version

What Does John 3:9 Mean?

John 3:9 in the King James Version says “Nicodemus answered and said unto him, How can these things be? — study this verse from John chapter 3 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

Nicodemus answered and said unto him, How can these things be?

John 3:9 · KJV


Context

7

Marvel not that I said unto thee, Ye must be born again. again: or, from above

8

The wind bloweth where it listeth, and thou hearest the sound thereof, but canst not tell whence it cometh, and whither it goeth: so is every one that is born of the Spirit.

9

Nicodemus answered and said unto him, How can these things be?

10

Jesus answered and said unto him, Art thou a master of Israel, and knowest not these things?

11

Verily, verily, I say unto thee, We speak that we do know, and testify that we have seen; and ye receive not our witness.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Nicodemus asks, 'How can these things be?'—expressing bewilderment at Jesus' teaching. The question is genuine, not hostile. A leading teacher in Israel cannot comprehend basic spiritual realities. This exposes the gap between religious expertise and spiritual understanding. Knowledge of Scripture doesn't automatically produce comprehension of its spiritual meaning. Nicodemus needs what he's being taught—spiritual illumination.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Nicodemus likely knew Ezekiel 36:25-27 promising the Spirit's cleansing and indwelling. Yet he couldn't connect this to Jesus' teaching about new birth. Religious education without spiritual regeneration leaves one unable to grasp spiritual truth. Jesus' response (verse 10) emphasizes this irony—Israel's teacher doesn't understand Israel's hope.

Reflection Questions

  1. Why doesn't religious education automatically produce spiritual understanding?
  2. What Old Testament passages should have prepared Nicodemus for Jesus' teaching on new birth?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 9 words
ἀπεκρίθη1 of 9

answered

G611

to conclude for oneself, i.e., (by implication) to respond; by hebraism (compare h6030) to begin to speak (where an address is expected)

Νικόδημος2 of 9

Nicodemus

G3530

victorious among his people; nicodemus, an israelite

καὶ3 of 9

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

εἶπεν4 of 9

said

G2036

to speak or say (by word or writing)

αὐτῷ5 of 9

unto him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

Πῶς6 of 9

How

G4459

an interrogative particle of manner; in what way? (sometimes the question is indirect, how?); also as exclamation, how much!

δύναται7 of 9

can

G1410

to be able or possible

ταῦτα8 of 9

these things

G5023

these things

γενέσθαι9 of 9

be

G1096

to cause to be ("gen"-erate), i.e., (reflexively) to become (come into being), used with great latitude (literal, figurative, intensive, etc.)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of John. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

John 3:9 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to John 3:9 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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