King James Version

What Does Acts 7:54 Mean?

Acts 7:54 in the King James Version says “When they heard these things, they were cut to the heart , and they gnashed on him with their teeth. — study this verse from Acts chapter 7 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

When they heard these things, they were cut to the heart , and they gnashed on him with their teeth.

Acts 7:54 · KJV


Context

52

Which of the prophets have not your fathers persecuted? and they have slain them which shewed before of the coming of the Just One; of whom ye have been now the betrayers and murderers:

53

Who have received the law by the disposition of angels, and have not kept it.

54

When they heard these things, they were cut to the heart , and they gnashed on him with their teeth.

55

But he, being full of the Holy Ghost, looked up stedfastly into heaven, and saw the glory of God, and Jesus standing on the right hand of God,

56

And said, Behold, I see the heavens opened, and the Son of man standing on the right hand of God.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The Sanhedrin's response - 'cut to the heart' and 'gnashed on him with their teeth' - reveals rage rather than repentance. Being 'cut to the heart' here produced fury, not conviction (contrast Acts 2:37). Their violence confirmed Stephen's indictment of persistent rebellion.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Teeth-gnashing expressed murderous rage (Psalm 35:16, 37:12). The council's loss of judicial composure showed Stephen's speech hit its mark - they couldn't refute his argument, only silence him.

Reflection Questions

  1. Why did the same phrase 'cut to the heart' produce repentance at Pentecost but rage here?
  2. What distinguishes conviction that leads to repentance from that which hardens?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 13 words
Ἀκούοντες1 of 13

they heard

G191

to hear (in various senses)

δὲ2 of 13

When

G1161

but, and, etc

ταῦτα3 of 13

these things

G5023

these things

διεπρίοντο4 of 13

they were cut

G1282

to saw asunder, i.e., (figuratively) to exasperate

ταῖς5 of 13
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

καρδίαις6 of 13
G2588

the heart, i.e., (figuratively) the thoughts or feelings (mind); also (by analogy) the middle

αὐτόν7 of 13

him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

καὶ8 of 13

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

ἔβρυχον9 of 13

they gnashed

G1031

to grate the teeth (in pain or rage)

τοὺς10 of 13
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ὀδόντας11 of 13

with their teeth

G3599

a "tooth"

ἐπ'12 of 13

on

G1909

properly, meaning superimposition (of time, place, order, etc.), as a relation of distribution (with the genitive case), i.e., over, upon, etc.; of re

αὐτόν13 of 13

him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Acts. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Acts 7:54 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Acts 7:54 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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