King James Version

What Does Acts 4:19 Mean?

Acts 4:19 in the King James Version says “But Peter and John answered and said unto them, Whether it be right in the sight of God to hearken unto you more than un... — study this verse from Acts chapter 4 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

But Peter and John answered and said unto them, Whether it be right in the sight of God to hearken unto you more than unto God, judge ye.

Acts 4:19 · KJV


Context

17

But that it spread no further among the people, let us straitly threaten them, that they speak henceforth to no man in this name.

18

And they called them, and commanded them not to speak at all nor teach in the name of Jesus.

19

But Peter and John answered and said unto them, Whether it be right in the sight of God to hearken unto you more than unto God, judge ye.

20

For we cannot but speak the things which we have seen and heard.

21

So when they had further threatened them, they let them go, finding nothing how they might punish them, because of the people: for all men glorified God for that which was done.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Peter and John's response - 'Whether it be right in the sight of God to hearken unto you more than unto God, judge ye' - appeals to the council's own conscience while asserting divine authority's supremacy. The Greek 'akouo' (hearken) implies obedient listening. This rhetorical question forces them to acknowledge their command's unrighteousness. The phrase 'in the sight of God' invokes ultimate judgment, before which their earthly authority means nothing.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

This statement echoes Socrates' declaration that he must obey the divine voice despite Athenian prohibition. Peter's argument followed Jewish tradition prioritizing divine over human authority (Daniel 3:16-18, 6:10). The apostles modeled principled civil disobedience that would characterize church history when gospel and state conflict.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does appealing to opponents' conscience ('judge ye') serve gospel witness even when they reject it?
  2. What principles guide Christian civil disobedience - when is it required, when prohibited?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 22 words
1 of 22
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

δὲ2 of 22

But

G1161

but, and, etc

Πέτρος3 of 22

Peter

G4074

a (piece of) rock (larger than g3037); as a name, petrus, an apostle

καὶ4 of 22

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

Ἰωάννης5 of 22

John

G2491

joannes (i.e., jochanan), the name of four israelites

ἀποκριθέντες6 of 22

answered

G611

to conclude for oneself, i.e., (by implication) to respond; by hebraism (compare h6030) to begin to speak (where an address is expected)

πρὸς7 of 22

unto

G4314

a preposition of direction; forward to, i.e., toward (with the genitive case, the side of, i.e., pertaining to; with the dative case, by the side of,

αὐτούς8 of 22

them

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

εἶπον9 of 22

and said

G2036

to speak or say (by word or writing)

Εἰ10 of 22

Whether

G1487

if, whether, that, etc

δίκαιόν11 of 22

right

G1342

equitable (in character or act); by implication, innocent, holy (absolutely or relatively)

ἐστιν12 of 22

it be

G2076

he (she or it) is; also (with neuter plural) they are

ἐνώπιον13 of 22

in the sight

G1799

in the face of (literally or figuratively)

τοῦ14 of 22
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

θεοῦ15 of 22

of God

G2316

a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)

ὑμῶν16 of 22

unto you

G5216

of (from or concerning) you

ἀκούειν17 of 22

to hearken

G191

to hear (in various senses)

μᾶλλον18 of 22

more than

G3123

(adverbially) more (in a greater degree)) or rather

19 of 22
G2228

disjunctive, or; comparative, than

τοῦ20 of 22
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

θεοῦ21 of 22

of God

G2316

a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)

κρίνατε22 of 22

judge ye

G2919

by implication, to try, condemn, punish


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Acts. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Acts 4:19 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Acts 4:19 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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