King James Version

What Does Acts 26:15 Mean?

Acts 26:15 in the King James Version says “And I said, Who art thou, Lord? And he said, I am Jesus whom thou persecutest. — study this verse from Acts chapter 26 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

And I said, Who art thou, Lord? And he said, I am Jesus whom thou persecutest.

Acts 26:15 · KJV


Context

13

At midday , O king, I saw in the way a light from heaven, above the brightness of the sun, shining round about me and them which journeyed with me.

14

And when we were all fallen to the earth, I heard a voice speaking unto me, and saying in the Hebrew tongue, Saul, Saul, why persecutest thou me? it is hard for thee to kick against the pricks.

15

And I said, Who art thou, Lord? And he said, I am Jesus whom thou persecutest.

16

But rise, and stand upon thy feet: for I have appeared unto thee for this purpose, to make thee a minister and a witness both of these things which thou hast seen, and of those things in the which I will appear unto thee;

17

Delivering thee from the people, and from the Gentiles, unto whom now I send thee,


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Who art thou, Lord? (Τίς εἶ, κύριε;)—Saul's question reveals profound theological tension: he addressed Jesus as 'Lord' (κύριε, kurie) even before recognizing his identity, acknowledging divine authority in the heavenly voice. I am Jesus whom thou persecutest (Ἐγώ εἰμι Ἰησοῦς ὃν σὺ διώκεις)—Christ's response uses the divine 'I AM' (Ἐγώ εἰμι, ego eimi), echoing Exodus 3:14's revelation to Moses.

Jesus identifies himself with his persecuted church: 'whom thou persecutest'—to touch believers is to touch Christ himself (Matthew 25:40). This mystical union between Christ and his body demolishes Saul's theological framework: the crucified Nazarene was indeed the risen Lord, and persecuting Christians meant fighting God. The risen Jesus was not a theological abstraction but the living, glorified Messiah who directly confronted his chief enemy.

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Historical & Cultural Context

This occurred on the Damascus Road around AD 34-35 when Saul (later Paul) traveled with letters authorizing him to arrest Christians. Paul recounts this third time in Acts (also 9:5, 22:8), here before King Agrippa II, emphasizing Jesus' self-identification. This conversion transformed Christianity's greatest persecutor into its foremost apostle.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does Jesus' identification with persecuted believers challenge your view of how Christ relates to his church today?
  2. What theological convictions might God need to overturn in your life, as he did with Saul's misguided zeal?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 15 words
Ἐγώ1 of 15

I

G1473

i, me

δὲ2 of 15

And

G1161

but, and, etc

εἶπεν3 of 15

he said

G2036

to speak or say (by word or writing)

Τίς4 of 15

Who

G5101

an interrogative pronoun, who, which or what (in direct or indirect questions)

εἶ5 of 15

art thou

G1488

thou art

κύριε6 of 15

Lord

G2962

supreme in authority, i.e., (as noun) controller; by implication, master (as a respectful title)

7 of 15
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

δὲ8 of 15

And

G1161

but, and, etc

εἶπεν9 of 15

he said

G2036

to speak or say (by word or writing)

Ἐγώ10 of 15

I

G1473

i, me

εἰμι11 of 15

am

G1510

i exist (used only when emphatic)

Ἰησοῦς12 of 15

Jesus

G2424

jesus (i.e., jehoshua), the name of our lord and two (three) other israelites

ὃν13 of 15

whom

G3739

the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that

σὺ14 of 15

thou

G4771

thou

διώκεις15 of 15

persecutest

G1377

compare the base of g1169 and g1249); to pursue (literally or figuratively); by implication, to persecute


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Acts. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Acts 26:15 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Acts 26:15 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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