King James Version

What Does Acts 25:19 Mean?

Acts 25:19 in the King James Version says “But had certain questions against him of their own superstition, and of one Jesus, which was dead, whom Paul affirmed to... — study this verse from Acts chapter 25 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

But had certain questions against him of their own superstition, and of one Jesus, which was dead, whom Paul affirmed to be alive.

Acts 25:19 · KJV


Context

17

Therefore, when they were come hither, without any delay on the morrow I sat on the judgment seat, and commanded the man to be brought forth.

18

Against whom when the accusers stood up, they brought none accusation of such things as I supposed:

19

But had certain questions against him of their own superstition, and of one Jesus, which was dead, whom Paul affirmed to be alive.

20

And because I doubted of such manner of questions, I asked him whether he would go to Jerusalem, and there be judged of these matters. I doubted: or, I was doubtful how to enquire hereof

21

But when Paul had appealed to be reserved unto the hearing of Augustus, I commanded him to be kept till I might send him to Caesar. hearing: or, judgment


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
But had certain questions against him of their own superstition—Festus dismisses Jewish theology as δεισιδαιμονίας (deisidaimonias, 'superstition, religion')—a neutral or slightly pejorative term Romans used for foreign religions. The phrase ζητήματα (zētēmata, 'questions, disputes') indicates scholarly debates, not crimes. To Festus, these theological arguments are incomprehensible and legally irrelevant.

And of one Jesus, which was dead, whom Paul affirmed to be alive—Here is the crux: περί τινος Ἰησοῦ τεθνηκότος, ὃν ἔφασκεν ὁ Παῦλος ζῆν (peri tinos Iēsou tethnēkotos, hon ephasken ho Paulos zēn, 'concerning a certain Jesus, having died, whom Paul was affirming to live'). Festus reduces the entire gospel to a dispute about a dead man's status. He misses the cosmic significance—that Jesus's resurrection validates His claims and offers salvation. Festus's incomprehension typifies natural man's inability to grasp spiritual truth (1 Corinthians 2:14).

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Roman governors typically dismissed Jewish theological disputes as arcane and irrelevant to governance. They protected Jewish religious practice (it was a religio licita, legal religion) but didn't engage with its content. Festus's characterization of Christianity as a debate about a dead man reflects Roman pragmatism—resurrection claims were philosophically possible in Greco-Roman thought but politically insignificant. This incomprehension actually helped Christianity: what Rome couldn't understand, it couldn't easily suppress. Paul's 'Jesus is alive' proclamation would eventually transform the empire Rome thought too sophisticated to believe it.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does Festus's reduction of the gospel to 'one Jesus...dead...Paul says alive' demonstrate the natural mind's inability to comprehend spiritual reality?
  2. What does this passage teach about the centrality of resurrection to Christian faith—it's either glorious truth or utter foolishness?
  3. In what ways do modern secular authorities similarly misunderstand or dismiss Christian truth claims as irrelevant private beliefs?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 20 words
ζητήματα1 of 20

questions

G2213

a search (properly concretely), i.e., (in words) a debate

δέ2 of 20

But

G1161

but, and, etc

τινος3 of 20

certain

G5100

some or any person or object

περί4 of 20

of

G4012

properly, through (all over), i.e., around; figuratively with respect to; used in various applications, of place, cause or time (with the genitive cas

τῆς5 of 20
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἰδίας6 of 20

their own

G2398

pertaining to self, i.e., one's own; by implication, private or separate

δεισιδαιμονίας7 of 20

superstition

G1175

religion

εἶχον8 of 20

had

G2192

to hold (used in very various applications, literally or figuratively, direct or remote; such as possession; ability, contiuity, relation, or conditio

πρὸς9 of 20

against

G4314

a preposition of direction; forward to, i.e., toward (with the genitive case, the side of, i.e., pertaining to; with the dative case, by the side of,

αὐτὸν10 of 20

him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

καὶ11 of 20

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

περί12 of 20

of

G4012

properly, through (all over), i.e., around; figuratively with respect to; used in various applications, of place, cause or time (with the genitive cas

τινος13 of 20

certain

G5100

some or any person or object

Ἰησοῦ14 of 20

Jesus

G2424

jesus (i.e., jehoshua), the name of our lord and two (three) other israelites

τεθνηκότος15 of 20

which was dead

G2348

to die (literally or figuratively)

ὃν16 of 20

whom

G3739

the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that

ἔφασκεν17 of 20

affirmed

G5335

to assert

18 of 20
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

Παῦλος19 of 20

Paul

G3972

(little; but remotely from a derivative of g3973, meaning the same); paulus, the name of a roman and of an apostle

ζῆν20 of 20

to be alive

G2198

to live (literally or figuratively)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Acts. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Acts 25:19 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Acts 25:19 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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