King James Version

What Does Acts 25:21 Mean?

Acts 25:21 in the King James Version says “But when Paul had appealed to be reserved unto the hearing of Augustus, I commanded him to be kept till I might send him... — study this verse from Acts chapter 25 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

But when Paul had appealed to be reserved unto the hearing of Augustus, I commanded him to be kept till I might send him to Caesar. hearing: or, judgment

Acts 25:21 · KJV


Context

19

But had certain questions against him of their own superstition, and of one Jesus, which was dead, whom Paul affirmed to be alive.

20

And because I doubted of such manner of questions, I asked him whether he would go to Jerusalem, and there be judged of these matters. I doubted: or, I was doubtful how to enquire hereof

21

But when Paul had appealed to be reserved unto the hearing of Augustus, I commanded him to be kept till I might send him to Caesar. hearing: or, judgment

22

Then Agrippa said unto Festus, I would also hear the man myself. To morrow, said he, thou shalt hear him.

23

And on the morrow, when Agrippa was come, and Bernice, with great pomp, and was entered into the place of hearing, with the chief captains, and principal men of the city, at Festus' commandment Paul was brought forth.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
But when Paul had appealed to be reserved unto the hearing of Augustus—Paul invoked his right as a Roman citizen to appeal to the emperor. The verb ἐπικαλεσαμένου (epikalesamenou, 'having appealed to') is a technical legal term. Augustus (Σεβαστός, Sebastos, the Greek equivalent of Latin Augustus, 'revered one') was the imperial title; Nero was emperor at this time (AD 59-60). The phrase τηρηθῆναι εἰς τὴν τοῦ Σεβαστοῦ διάγνωσιν (tērēthēnai eis tēn tou Sebastou diagnōsin, 'to be kept for the examination/decision of Augustus') indicates Paul requested imperial jurisdiction.

I commanded him to be kept till I might send him to Caesar—Once appeal was made, Festus had no choice. The imperative ἐκέλευσα τηρεῖσθαι αὐτόν (ekeleusa tēreisthai auton, 'I ordered him to be kept') maintains Paul in protective custody until transport to Rome. This appeal fulfilled Jesus's prophecy that Paul would testify in Rome (Acts 23:11) and opened the door for gospel proclamation in the empire's capital.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

The right of appeal (provocatio) to Caesar was a fundamental privilege of Roman citizenship, established by the Lex Julia. Any citizen could appeal a provincial governor's decision, especially in capital cases. Once appealed, the case was transferred to the emperor's jurisdiction. This process took months—gathering evidence, securing transport, scheduling the hearing. Paul's appeal removed him from both Jewish threats and Festus's political maneuvering, placing him under imperial protection. It also guaranteed his journey to Rome at Roman expense, with legal status protecting him along the way.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does Paul's appeal to Caesar demonstrate strategic use of legal rights to advance God's purposes—is this faith or presumption?
  2. What does Paul's willingness to appeal to a pagan emperor teach about God's sovereignty over earthly rulers and legal systems?
  3. In what ways did Paul's Roman citizenship and legal appeal function as divine providence preparing the way for the gospel in Rome?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 20 words
τοῦ1 of 20
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

δὲ2 of 20

But

G1161

but, and, etc

Παύλου3 of 20

when Paul

G3972

(little; but remotely from a derivative of g3973, meaning the same); paulus, the name of a roman and of an apostle

ἐπικαλεσαμένου4 of 20

had appealed

G1941

to entitle; by implication, to invoke (for aid, worship, testimony, decision, etc.)

τηρεῖσθαι5 of 20

to be kept

G5083

to guard (from loss or injury, properly, by keeping the eye upon; and thus differing from g5442, which is properly to prevent escaping; and from g2892

αὐτὸν6 of 20

him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

εἰς7 of 20

unto

G1519

to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases

τὴν8 of 20
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

τοῦ9 of 20
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

Σεβαστοῦ10 of 20

of Augustus

G4575

venerable (august), i.e., (as noun) a title of the roman emperor, or (as adjective) imperial

διάγνωσιν11 of 20

the hearing

G1233

(magisterial) examination ("diagnosis")

ἐκέλευσα12 of 20

I commanded

G2753

"hail"; to incite by word, i.e., order

τηρεῖσθαι13 of 20

to be kept

G5083

to guard (from loss or injury, properly, by keeping the eye upon; and thus differing from g5442, which is properly to prevent escaping; and from g2892

αὐτὸν14 of 20

him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

ἕως15 of 20

till

G2193

a conjunction, preposition and adverb of continuance, until (of time and place)

οὗ16 of 20
G3739

the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that

πέμψω17 of 20

I might send

G3992

to dispatch (from the subjective view or point of departure, whereas ???? (as a stronger form of ????) refers rather to the objective point or <i>term

αὐτὸν18 of 20

him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

πρὸς19 of 20

to

G4314

a preposition of direction; forward to, i.e., toward (with the genitive case, the side of, i.e., pertaining to; with the dative case, by the side of,

Καίσαρα20 of 20

Caesar

G2541

caesar, a title of the roman emperor


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Acts. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Acts 25:21 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Acts 25:21 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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