King James Version

What Does Acts 22:20 Mean?

Acts 22:20 in the King James Version says “And when the blood of thy martyr Stephen was shed, I also was standing by, and consenting unto his death, and kept the r... — study this verse from Acts chapter 22 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

And when the blood of thy martyr Stephen was shed, I also was standing by, and consenting unto his death, and kept the raiment of them that slew him.

Acts 22:20 · KJV


Context

18

And saw him saying unto me, Make haste, and get thee quickly out of Jerusalem: for they will not receive thy testimony concerning me.

19

And I said, Lord, they know that I imprisoned and beat in every synagogue them that believed on thee:

20

And when the blood of thy martyr Stephen was shed, I also was standing by, and consenting unto his death, and kept the raiment of them that slew him.

21

And he said unto me, Depart: for I will send thee far hence unto the Gentiles.

22

And they gave him audience unto this word, and then lifted up their voices, and said, Away with such a fellow from the earth: for it is not fit that he should live.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
When the blood of thy martyr Stephen was shed—The Greek 'martys' (μάρτυς) means witness, later taking the meaning 'martyr' because witnessing often led to death. Paul admits he was standing by, and consenting (ἐφεστὼς καὶ συνευδοκῶν)—both physically present and morally approving. The participle 'suneuedokeō' indicates active agreement, not passive observation. He kept the raiment (φυλάσσων τὰ ἱμάτια) of the executioners, facilitating murder. This confession reveals Paul's full culpability, yet demonstrates grace's power to save 'the chief of sinners' (1 Timothy 1:15). Stephen's dying prayer—'Lord, lay not this sin to their charge' (Acts 7:60)—found answer in Paul's conversion.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Stephen's martyrdom (Acts 7) occurred circa AD 33-34, possibly triggering Paul's broader persecution campaign. Stephen's speech emphasized Israel's rejection of prophets and the temporary nature of the temple, themes Paul would later develop. Stephen saw Jesus standing at God's right hand (Acts 7:56), prefiguring Paul's Damascus road vision.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does Paul's reference to Stephen's martyrdom demonstrate the long-term effects of faithful witness, even unto death?
  2. In what ways might your past sins uniquely equip you to minister grace to others?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 25 words
καὶ1 of 25

And

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

ὅτε2 of 25

when

G3753

at which (thing) too, i.e., when

ἐξεχεῖτο3 of 25

was shed

G1632

to pour forth; figuratively, to bestow

τὸ4 of 25
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

αἷμα5 of 25

the blood

G129

blood, literally (of men or animals), figuratively (the juice of grapes) or specially (the atoning blood of christ); by implication, bloodshed, also k

Στεφάνου6 of 25

Stephen

G4736

stephanus, a christian

τοῦ7 of 25
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

μάρτυρός8 of 25

martyr

G3144

a witness (literally (judicially) or figuratively (genitive case)); by analogy, a "martyr"

σου9 of 25

of thy

G4675

of thee, thy

καὶ10 of 25

And

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

αὐτόν11 of 25

I

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

ἤμην12 of 25

was

G2252

i was

ἐφεστὼς13 of 25

standing by

G2186

to stand upon, i.e., be present (in various applications, friendly or otherwise, usually literal)

καὶ14 of 25

And

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

συνευδοκῶν15 of 25

consenting

G4909

to think well of in common, i.e., assent to, feel gratified with

τῇ16 of 25
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἀναιρέσει17 of 25

death

G336

(the act of) killing

αὐτόν18 of 25

I

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

καὶ19 of 25

And

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

φυλάσσων20 of 25

kept

G5442

to watch, i.e., be on guard (literally of figuratively); by implication, to preserve, obey, avoid

τὰ21 of 25
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἱμάτια22 of 25

the raiment

G2440

a dress (inner or outer)

τῶν23 of 25
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἀναιρούντων24 of 25

of them that slew

G337

to take up, i.e., adopt; by implication, to take away (violently), i.e., abolish, murder

αὐτόν25 of 25

I

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Acts. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Acts 22:20 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Acts 22:20 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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